• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.623-630
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• 2009

The Korean railway system is a mass transit system consisting of a variety of train types such as common trains, high-speed train (KTX) and Metropolitan Express Railway (EMU). Its operation is based on the official timetable and it provides us with safe, accurate, quick and comfortable service. The objective of this study is to propose and prove more practical method for estimating line capacity by considering high-speeding and diversification of trains. In particular, the focus of this study is to reduce the discrepancy between the result of the theoretical line capacity estimation and the real line capacity of the operating agency of the Korean railway. In order to achieve the object, this study introduces a new railway capacity notion by considering TPS of line alignment, the operation type, train control and signaling system, etc. Through a practical schedule diagram exemplification, the result of the proposed method is verified as well.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1839-1850
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• 2009

The Korean railway system is a mass transit system in which a various types of trains such as common trains, high-speed train (KTX), Metropolitan Express Railway (EMU) are operated. It is operated based on a timetable and provides us with safety, regularity, quickness and comfortable service. The objective of this study is to propose a method for estimating line capacity considering high-speeding and diversification of trains. In particular, the focus of this study is on the closing gap between the result of the existing line capacity estimation method and the real-world line capacity of the operating agency of the Korean railway. For this, this study introduces a new railway capacity definition by considering TPS of line alignment according to the operation type, train control and signaling system, etc. The verification of the proposed method using a practical schedule diagram exemplification is discussed as well.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.213-228
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• 2012

The construction of the Geographical Information System(GIS) is continuously in progress, and with the diversification and complication of the system, the importance of its audit is further deepened. At this point in time, the information system audit has been obligatory as it has been stipulated in law, and the GIS audit has come to follow the criterion of the information system audit since it belongs to the information system audit category. However, it was found that there was a difference between the current information system audit standard and the former GIS audit standard, and the audit checking items for the efficient GIS audit is necessary. For this reason, this paper surveyed the characteristics of GIS in accordance with this necessity, analyzed the GIS audit checking items found in the audit performance guideline of the GIS audit standard, and studied the GIS development methodology through the related literature. In addition, this paper also elicited and proposed the audit checking items for the efficient GIS audit based on the findings of this paper. Finally, this paper confirmed the efficiency of the GIS audit checking items proposed here through the comparison of the actual cases of GIS audits.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.163-178
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• 2024

Pan-genome analysis is used to interpret genome heterogeneity and diversification of bacterial species. Here, we present pan-genome analysis of 22 strains of Enterococcus mundtii. The GenBank file of E. mundtii strains that have been isolated from different sources i.e., human fecal matter, soil, leaf, dairy products, and insects was downloaded from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database and analyzed using BPGA-1.3.0 (Bacterial Pan Genome Analysis) pipeline. Out of a total, 4503 gene families, 1843 belongs to the core genes whereas 1,762 gene families represent the accessory genes and 898 gene families depict the unique genes among all the selected genomes. Majority of the core genes belongs to the categories of Metabolism (37.83%) and Information storage & processing (29.84%) whereas unique genes belongs to the category of Information storage & processing (48.08%). Further, accessory genes are almost equally present in both functional categories i.e. Information storage & processing and Metabolism (34.34% and 32.27% respectively). Further, subset analysis on the basis of the origin of isolates exhibits presence and absence of exclusive gene families. The observation suggests that even closely related strains of a species show extensive disparity in genome owing to their ability to adapt to a specific environment.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.566-575
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to understand how individuals reflect on the frequency and quantity of foods that they consume. Participants selected 5 males and 15 females aged 30 years or older were first interviewed on the frequency of their food consumption. Then based on this data, they were given a cognitive interview using the method of verbal proving. The individual cognitive interviews were recorded with consent while being conducted after complete approval by the Seoul National University Institution Review Board. The recorded material was evaluated using a thematic analysis after transcribing them into text. By analyzing stages of reflection, the major barriers to make the device difficult are revealed: 1) More difficulty in remembering events over the course of a full year due to diversification in the types of food that people consume 2) difficulty calculating the average for seasonal foods 3) difficulty estimating the amount of consumption from the photos presented 4) difficulty estimating amount of consumption from the quantity presented 5) difficulty processing foods that people think are healthy and foods are unhealthy simultaneously 6) difficulty having to consider foods where target food goes in as an ingredient; 7) difficulties arising from having to increase frequency when the amount consumed is higher than the quantity that is presented 8) difficulty having to combine the frequency and quantity of each food item when numerous foods are clustered into one category. These findings show that the less participants were involved in cooking, the more diverse their eating habits were, and the more they tried to adhere to rules of filling out the questionnaire, the more it was difficult for them to come up with an answer to the question being asked. It therefore seems necessary to construct a Food Frequency questionnaire that is attentive to these problems that arise from the recall stages.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.1 s.149
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the current CRM situation in Korean apparel industry. Specifically, research purposes were 1) to examine the concepts and benefits of CRM, 2) to examine CRM strategies, 3) to analyze CRM system(i.e., customer relationship management service, customer segmentation criteria, DB management system), and 4) to analyze the potential problems and CRM adoption plan. The subjects for this research were thirty CRM managers in Korean apparel firms classified by the company type(woman's wear, man's wear, casual wear, children's wear, retailer) interviewed from December 2003 to March 1004. The results of this study were as follows: First, the concept of CRM represented the prime customer relationship, continuous consideration, and customer management system. The benefits of CRM reflected re-sales, improvement of profit share, and acquisition of customer's data base. Second, concerning the CRM strategies, most companies focused on persistent customer management through mileage program, membership cards and also implemented product strategies such as demand forecasting, customization based on customer data analysis. We also found that industry preferred to use pricing strategies, for example, segmentation of customer through discrepancies of price in which customers are provided by discount and gift voucher services. Regarding distribution strategy, channel diversification, localized service, and convenient delivery system were used. As promotion strategies, they chose celebrating customers' personal events and promoting cultural events and issuing coupons. Third, regarding CRM system, information service was the most frequently adopted, important and highly beneficial category. Also POS/web-POS, homepage were main sources of information. RFM is the mostly commonly used customer segmentation criteria. Fourth, potential problems in CRM adoption were lack of CRM knowledge and performance measurement of CRM. Future CRM adoption plan included CRM education and development of CRM performance measures.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.64-82
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• 2018

As sustainability of fashion brands is becoming more important in the prolonged depression, the fashion market is also seeking ways to create new value through convergence with various fields. In the fashion market, convergence marketing is engaged with diverse technologies combined with advanced technologies and strategies. This study established the conceptual characteristics of convergence and divergence from a market perspective. Convergence can be summarized as Borderless, Compounding, Diversification, Recombination and Affiliation. The conceptual characteristics of the divergence can be summarized as de-fusion, individualization, differentiation, specialization, and segmentation. The characteristics of convergence revealed through the case of fashion market include the expandability of the new category, the expandability of the consumer, the brand experience, and the expandability of time and space. Divergence is the differentiation of brand value, target customer, and product nature. Through this study, we could understand the differentiation of the fashion market and the direction of the marketing strategy by looking at the characteristic of the convergence marketing - oriented research that has the contrary conceptual characteristics from the extended viewpoint. Based on this, it is possible to see the changes and patterns of brand marketing strategies and techniques in recent fashion market. In the future, it is expected that the systematic study of the marketing strategy of the domestic fashion brand based on the convergence and change characteristics of the fashion market proposed in this study will continue.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.327-337
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• 2022

With the fierce competition between universities and the diversification and rapid development of multimedia, university promotional videos have become one of the effective means for universities to instill a better brand image, increase their competitiveness, and attract more new students. There were not many studies on university promotional videos in the field of advertising promotion, and there were no comparative studies on university promotional videos in Korea and China. Accordingly, this study aims to analyze promotional videos of the top 30 universities in Korea and China by referring to the world university rankings released by the 2021 World University Rankings (QS) World University Evaluation Agency and explore the differences between the two countries. According to the results of the study, it was found that there were some significant differences between Korea and China's university promotional images in each analysis category. This study is meaningful in that it will serve as a reference for the production of promotional videos for schools in the future while presenting the differences between Korean and Chinese university promotional videos.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.5-15
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• 2010

Business corporations have become specialized and on the basis of various interests try to strengthen their competitiveness through a cooperative system of purchase, distribution, service and IT technology. And an advanced Internet-based electronic commerce has witnessed explosive growth and a business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce. Through E-marketplace. business corporations achieve such diverse utilities as expenditure curtailment, process reduction and prime cost reduction. And with business depression worldwide and soaring prices of materials, many business corporations consider the introduction of comprehensive purchase of MRO (maintenance, repair and operation) materials. The Purpose of this study was to examine the definition of B2B E-marketplace and the utilities of MRO commerce correctly focusing on an empirical analysis of cases of MRO supply and purchase business corporations. The indications acquired from this research results are as follows. Firstly, as for MRO integrated purchase under the characteristics of the market environment, it had to use the supplier obligatorily through the integrated purchase on the level of CEO's decision-making or the group rather than the voluntary will of the purchasing department or the procurement department. Secondly, as for the present B2B E-marketplace MRO purchase, the purchasing agency business has formed the mainstream, but it is aiming at the diversification of the benefit by supplementing/correcting the business model such as category type, mediation business type, MRO-type advancing in the store inclusive of the purchasing agency business, keeping pace with the potential market of MRO. Thirdly, as for analysis of the products, the purchaser wants more various products and assortment of goods than those of the present time, and also to be provided with the precise product information. Especially, as the importance of the product sourcing becomes high, the whole energy has been bestowed on acquirement of the excellent suppliers. Fourth, as for use of B2B E-marketplace MRO integrated purchasing system, there are the purchasing companies complaining the inconvenience even until now, and there is the demerit spending the long time during the image move and the process treatment. It shall try to shorten the searching time and the process treatment time as the system is centered on the purchaser. In order to enhance the efficiency of MRO E-marketplace purchase, followings must be considered: First, because the importance of product sources ever increases, an excellent supplier must be secured earnestly. Second, the time of process must be reduced focusing on purchasers. B2B E-marketplace will increase and diversify electronic commerce continuously. Through MRO E-marketplace, business corporations will reduce expenditure, achieve a transparent and speedy trade, and purchase products of fine quality, thus establishing a most effective market. In addition, in this study the investigator brings focus into MRO which has not been clearly discussed in the academic and business world so far and intensively highlights an indirect material-oriented expenditure curtailment effect. By taking all the aspects of supplier, purchaser and practical economical value into account, the investigator presents a strategic direction for the successful comprehensive purchase of B2B MRO.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.77-87
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• 2015

This study aimed to make the leisure activation policy plan on married immigrant women for social integration of multicultural families as a social problem. For that, this study selected total 25 professional experts who can suggest leisure activation policy plans on married immigrant women with convenience quota sampling, and, they were chiefs and instructors in multicultural family support centers, professors of social welfare and leisure, and married immigrant women who had passed Test of Proficiency in Korean and been doing leisure activities. As the results, there were classified into 6 main category like established policy direction, engage, awareness, and program improvement, operations and facility improvements, administrative support, 13 middle categories, and 37 small categories. Through above process, this study suggested 6 steps of policy plan: 1st, making systematic policy direction on the base of married immigrant women's real demand, 2nd, making administrative·institutional support system for effective policy enhancement, 3rd, improving recognitions on immigrant women's leisure activity from surrounders, 4th, improving programs by efficient management and qualitative diversification, 5th, improving management of concerned facilities, and 6th, attracting participations of married immigrant women through economical support·connection and child care service.