• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.125-147
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• 1997

This study was conducted in order to identify the extent to which Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs explain the likelihood of taking preventive behaviors for AIDS among the young adolescents in Korea. HBM was applied as the theoretical framework for developing questionnaire items in this study. The survey instrument included all of the constructs of Health Belief Model, namely, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barriers, cue to actions for preventive behaviors concerning AIDS. Additionally, demographic characteristics of the respondents, their sexual experiences, and AIDS Knowledge Test were included in the study. Each of HBM constructs were developed with a 5-point Likert type scale from l(never agree) to 5 (absolutely agree). The survey was conducted with a total of 247 military men in a city on September 18, 1996, using self-reported questionnaire. The results of the study were summarized as follows: 1. Because the subjects for this study were military soldiers, their demographic characteristics were limited to all men, young age, and ummarried. Educational status was evenly distributed between high school graduates and university students. 2. On the average, the respondents started their first sexual relationship at 18 years old and 82.6% of them did not use condom when having their first sexual experience. Thirty-one percent of the subjects had sexual contact with prostitutes and the average number of sexual contact with prostitutes was 5 times during the past 2 years. 3. The results of AIDS Knowledge Test scores demonstrated that the respondents had a high level of knowledge about AIDS. However, some misconceptions about transmission of AIDS through casual contact were still prevailed. Sixty-six percent of the respondents expressed that people infected with HIV should be isolated from the society in order to protect the general public. 4. All the respondents expressed that they had heard about AIDS before. TV was found to be the source which provided information on AIDS most frequently. 5. Among fundamental constructs of Health Belief Model, scores of perceived benefit of taking preventive action against AIDS marked the highest score, while scores of perceived susceptibility were the lowest. As a result of Multiple Stepwise Regression analysis, 13 variable groups were found to predict the preventive action by 25%. Among them, only perceived benefit variables was the most significant factor to explain preventive behaviors by 17%.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.12
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• pp.253-269
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• 2001

The goal of this study is to examine the level of disposition conformity in everyday life and behavior conformity in clothes brand choice, and analyze the effects of disposition conformity and influential variables on behavior conformity in brand choice. For this analysis, the data were collected from 478 middle school and high school students in Seoul through surveys. Frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, ANOVA, t-test, Duncan's multiple range test and multiple regression have been used to analyze the research objectives. Main findings are following; First, the 62.8% of the students showed high level of disposition conformity, and the 60.7% of them showed relatively low level of behavior conformity in brand choice. The adolescent consumers'disposition conformity to the reference groups in everyday life is in the order of parents, peer group, and mass media star. Second, the group differences in disposition conformity are diversified by independent variables. Among socio-demographic variables, disposition conformity to peer group differ by grade and disposition conformity to parents differ by the parents'education. Sex causes differences between groups in all disposition conformity except parents. In economic variables, the perceived level of living raises differences between groups in disposition conformity to the parent and whole disposition conformity. As the degree of disposable money gets higher in buying clothes, adolescent consumers conform more to the mass media star. Disposition conformity to parents and peer group were also differed by self-esteem. Third, significant variables, which affect the adolescent consumers'behavior conformity in brand choice, are grade, their mother's education, degree of disposable money in buying clothes, and disposition conformity to peer group and mass media star.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.135-162
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• 2011

Given the 4 contexts-parents, friends, teachers and community- of adolescents, this research verified the casual relationships between each contextual support and the suicidal impulse, and the gender difference. The 4-year longitudinal data(KYPS) collected from 3,697 adolescents were used in this study. Using the Autoregressive Cross-Lagged Model, the suicidal impulse was consistently present from the 3rd grade in middle school to the 3rd grade in high school with significant stability. Gender differences were founded in the effect of parental support among the 3rd grade in middle school. Also the negative effect of friends' support on the suicidal impulse among the first grade high school students. The effects were more stronger for girls than boys. Previous supports by teachers and community had no significant effects on later suicidal impulses. These results suggest that the study of suicidal impulse needs to examine the complex support system of multiple context layers.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.381-396
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• 2015

The study proposes multiple TRIZ contradiction solution strategies for addressing PC (Physical Contradiction) and TC (Technical Contradiction) by implementing TRIZ cause-and-effect tree. The problem associated with TC of the ends is solved by PC of means which employs a causal relationship between causes and effects. The TRIZ contradiction solution strategies demonstrated in this research are classified into 3 types of combined strategy as follows: 1. To-Be PC and AS-Is PC, 2.To-Be PC and As-Is TC, 3.As-Is PC and To-Be TC. The combined strategy of To-Be PC and As-Is PC is similar to a divide-and-conquer technique. This strategy adopts parallel strategies using 4 separation principles in time, in space, between parts and the whole, and upon condition of two reversed-PCs. Moreover, its application elucidates the conflict relationship of two TCs from the study. The integrated 4 separation principles and 40 inventive principles present an effective synergy effect from the combination, and further addresses the problems in the TRIZ contradiction resolution strategies. Combined strategy of To-Be PC and As-Is TC implements the 40 inventive principles that To-Be PC of the means resolves the As-Is TC of the ends. Combined strategy of As-Is PC and To-Be TC also uses inventive principles to the As-Is PC of the means to solve the To-Be TC of the ends. In addition, propositional and logical relationship of necessary and sufficient conditions between TC and PC is used to support the validity of 3 TRIZ contradiction solution strategies. In addition, 3 other strategies of necessary and sufficient conditions validate the contraposition relationship of the truth table. This study discusses TRIZ case studies from National Quality Circle Contest from the years between 2011 and 2014 to provide the usage guidelines of TRIZ contradiction solutions for quality purposes. Examining analysis from the case studies and investigating combined strategies allows the users to obtain comprehensive understanding.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.251-262
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• 2018

This study aimed to explore how the AIDS knowledge, self esteem, sense of control and optimistic bias affect condom use among male college students. The survey was done among 323 male students within a university in B city and analyzed according to descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The students had optimistic bias regarding AIDS, and the scores on the AIDS knowledge, self esteem, and sense of control were all rated high. Self esteem and sense of control, sense of control and optimistic bias, sense of control and condom use on sexual intercourse with steady sex partner, condom use on with casual sex partners and with steady sex partner showed significant positive correlation. Self esteem and sense of control were predictors of condom use on sexual intercourse with steady sex partner. Additional studies among various groups should be followed to identify the relationship between variables and condom use.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.65-76
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to claassify of clothing-wearing motives, to analyze tendency of fashion in campus, and to propose fashion merchandising plans and marketing strategies of companies for female college students. Research had been done during 1 week each on April and October in 1998 and 1999. Sixty-two students in spring semester and 54 student in fall semester were surveyed and analyzed. Their grades and majors were not considered in this study. Fashion Diary had been written by students and then their statements were analyzed by the means of the qualitative data analysis. Following conclusions were obtained from this study. 1. Clothing-wearing motives were classified with 'group depending on daily work', 'group depending on image', 'group depending on body supplement', 'group depending on weather', 'group of fashion following', 'group depending on courtesy', 'group depending on mood', and 'group of unconcerning'. 2. The fashion tendency of the students were layered look and they preferred casual styles, such as round t-shirts, jean pants, and cardigans. The color of white, black, and gray were prevalent for top wear, and the color of blue, black, beige for bottom wear in both seasons. For shoes, color of black, brown, white were popular. For bags, black, blue, and khaki color were prevailed. 3. The proposals obtained from this study are as follows : 1) Production of clothing enforced functional and practical base is wanted for 'group depending on daily work'. 2) Designs considering body parts such as hip, arm hole, shoulder, and thigh are needed. 3) Utilization of new materials such as waterproof with ventilation, opaque (means 'not see-through'), antipollution finishing process are required. 4) Simple designs of clothing which could be performed by herself with various accessories. Thermochromic materials are wanted for 'group of fashion following'. 5) Diversity of semi-suit is required for 'group depending on courtesy'.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.771-784
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the casual relationships of self-monitoring, face satisfaction, and demographic variables on the purchasing behavior and use of cosmetics of women. Samples wre 479 women in their 20's to 50's in Seoul, Korea. Three factors of the purchase criteria of cosmetics derived by factor analysis : F.1 'intrinsic trait', F.2 'sales promotion and fashion', F.3 'economy. Women high in self-monitor purchased and used cosmetics more than those low in self-monitor. There were significant relationships between the purchasing behavior and use of cosmetics and age, education, and social stratification. Women in their 20's and 30's perceived purchase criteria associated with intrinsic trait such as color and becomingness as more important, 20's sales promotion and fashion, women with less education perceived economy more than did the others. Upper class women showed more concern for intrinsic trait such as quality and color of cosmetics than did lower class. Social stratification, age, self-monitoring, and education had a direct effect on the degree of cosmetics purchase. Self-monitoring and education had a direct effect on the degree of cosmetics use. Age, education, social stratification, and face satisfaction had an indirect effect on the degree of cosmetics purchase and use. The causal relationship of self-monitoring on the use of coloring cosmetics was stronger than the connection between self-monitoring and total cosmetics. The present findings provide that personal trait associated with self-monitoring of women is important variable in understanding of the purchasing behavior and use of cosmetics.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2018

The dynamic capabilities of sensing market signals, creating new opportunities and reconfiguring resources and capabilities to new opportunities in a rapidly changing economic environment determines the competitiveness of the enterprise to create added value and survival. This study conceptualized a two-stage performance measurement framework based on the casual model of resource (input)-process-performance (output). We have developed a 'Process capability index' that reflect the dynamic capabilities factors as a key intermediary product linking resource inputs and performance outputs in enterprise performance measurement. The process capability index consists of four elements : manpower (level of human resource), operation productivity, structure and risk management. The DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model was applied to the developed performance indicators to analyze the branch office performance of a telecom company. Process capability efficiency (stage 1) uses resource inputs to reach a certain level of process capabilities. In performance result efficiency (stage 2), the process capabilities are used to generate sales revenues and subscribers. The two-stage DEA model derives intermediate output values that optimize the individual stages simultaneously. Some branch offices in the telecom company have focused on process capability efficiency or some other branch offices focused on performance result efficiency. Positioning map using two-stage efficiency decomposition and benchmarking can help identify the sources of inefficiencies and visualize strategic directions for performance optimization. Applications of two-stage DEA in conjunction with the case study that are meaningfully used in performance measurement areas have been scarce. In particular, this paper has the contribution to present a new performance measurement model considering the organization theory, the dynamic capabilities.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analysis of design preference according to age of consumers in order to obtain basic informations which are necessary for the development of designs that can satisfy the needs and desire of Chinese consumers. The style, color, fabric pattern, fabric, image, and shape of clothing were used for design preference variations. The study was implemented by surveying 280 females living in Beijing, China. The results were as follows: 1) There were significant differences in the preference of style of outdoor clothes according to age. Chinese women in the age of twenties and fifties prefer to wear casual clothes. Preference ratio was more than 60% 2) There were significant differences in the preference of color of spring and summer clothes, but there was no difference in the preference of color of autumn and winter clothes. 3) There was a difference in the preference of fabric pattern of outdoor clothes. Generally Chinese women showed 50% of preference for the no patterned outdoor clothes. 4) There were no differences in the preference of fabric materials. Preferred material for spring and summer was cotton fabrics, and that for autumn and winter was woolen fabrics. 5) In the research of the preferred image of outdoor clothes, generally Chinese women showed the most preference for elegance style. Chines women who are in the age of thirties to forties preferred feminine style. However, Chinese women who are in the age of fifties like to choose simple style. 6) There was a significant difference in the preference of length of jacket and skirt, and generally Chinese women preferred to wear medium length of jacket and skirt. There was no difference in the preference of design of collar and shape of pants. However most Chinese women showed preference for tailored collar and straight shaped pants.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.7-14
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• 2014

Since educational and fun elements coexist in an educational game, it is important to come up with standards that can elicit fun with the game as well as educational standards. Many of the existing developed educational games have received low marks in the characteristics of entertainment and game design. Thus, how to make up for their entertainment characteristics is important. This paper analyzes gaming elements of puzzle games that were released for smart phones and gained massive popularity from their users and will apply them to educational games. Such games that have gained popularity and won a commercial success include Anipang, Anipang 2, Candy Crush Saga, Farm Heroes Saga and Pokopang. This study will analyze gaming elements of these games. By analyzing the educational games, it is applied to the game elements of casual games. In addition, we have proposed a element that can enhance the immersive. Game design elements that can improve entertainment characteristics include game rules, stages and missions. Elements that can increase immersion include items, background maps and new learning environments. This paper has significance in that it analyzes entertainment characteristics, which mean the fun of games through those that have been a commercial success and applies them to educational games.