• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.93-99
• /
• 2002

The Cartesian loop chip which is one of key devices in narrow-band Walky-Talky transmitter using RZ-SSB modulation method was designed and implemented with 0.35 Um CMOS technology. The reduced size and low cost of transmitter were available by the use of direct-conversion and Cartesian loop chip, which improved the power efficiency and linearity of transmitting path. In addition, low power operation was possible through CMOS technology. The performance test results of transmitter showed -23 dBc improvement of IMD level and -30 dEc below suppression of SSB characteristic in the operation of Cartesian loop chip (closed-loop). At that time, the transmitting power was about 37 dBm (5 W). The main parameters to improve the transmitting characteristic and to compensate the distortion in feed back loop such as DC-offset, loop gain and phase value are interfaced with notebook PC to be controlled with S/W.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.98-104
• /
• 2002

In this study, we have developed an algorithm by attaching a camera at the end-effector of industrial six-axis robot in order to determine position and orientation of the camera system from cartesian coordinates. Cartesian coordinate as a starting point to evaluate for suggested algorithm, it was easy to confront increase of orientation vector for a linear line point that connects two points from coordinate space applied by recursive least square method which includes previous data result and new data result according to increase of image point. Therefore, when the camera attached to the end-effector has been applied to production location, with a calibration mask that has more than eight points arranged, this simulation approved that it is possible to determine position and orientation of cartesian coordinates of camera system even without a special measuring equipment.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2011년 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.518-522
• /
• 2011

Cartesian grid system has mainly been used in the casting simulation even though it does not nicely represent sloped and curved surfaces. These distorted boundaries cause several problems. A special treatment is necessary to clear these problems. A cut cell method on Cartesian grids has been developed to simulate three-dimensional mold filling Cut cells at a cast-mold interface are generated on Cartesian grids. Governing equations were computed using volume and areas of cast at cut cells. In this paper, we propose a new method that can consider the cutting cells which are cut by casting and mold based on the patial cell treatment (PCT). This method provides a better representation of geometry surface and will be used in the computation of velocities that are defined on the cell boundaries in the Cartesian gird system. Various test examples for several casting process were computed and validated. The analysis results of more accurate fluid flow pattern and less momentum loss owing to the stepped boundaries in the Cartesian grid system were confirmed. We can know the momentum energy at the cut cell is conserved by using the cut cell method. By using the cut cell method. performance of computation gets better because of reducing the whole number of meshes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제14권12호
• /
• pp.6284-6289
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 k-space 주사방식을 새롭게 적용하여 noise의 영향과 방향성을 분석함으로써 영상의 신호강도가 낮은 뇌혈관 질환의 고해상도 MRI 검사 시 noise의 영향을 최소화 하여 진단적 가치가 높은 영상을 획득하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 2013년 6월부터 동년7월까지 뇌혈관 질환의 조기 진단을 위해 고해상도 MRI 검사를 받은 38명을 대상으로 k-space 주사방식에 따른 noise의 영향을 평가하기 위해 기존의 선형 직각좌표계 주사방식과 새로운 방사형 직각좌표계 주사방식을 각각 적용한 후, 획득한 영상에서 내경동맥 내강의 신호강도와 noise를 비교 평가하였다. 연구결과, k-space 주사방식에 따른 내경동맥 내강의 신호강도는 방사형 비직각좌표계 주사방식이 기존의 선형 직각좌표계 주사방식 보다 43.32% 낮았고, noise 역시 50.19% 가량 낮게 나타났다. 이는 방사형 비직각좌표계 주사방식이 선형 직각좌표계 주사방식보다 noise가 적게 발생하며, 영상의 신호강도가 낮은 고해상도 MRI에서는 방사형 비직각좌표계 주사방식이 더 유용하다는 것을 의미한다. 그러므로 영상의 신호강도가 낮은 고해상도 뇌혈관 MRI 검사 시 방사형 비직각좌표계 k-space 주사방식을 이용한다면 noise의 영향을 최소화하여 양질의 영상을 획득할 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.183-190
• /
• 2007

본 논문은 Cartesian 피드백 방법을 이용하여 전력 증폭기의 선형성을 개선한 860 MHz 대역의 송신기의 설계에 관한 것이다. 피드백 루프를 통하여 발생하는 이득 및 위상의 불일치와 DC offset에 의한 영향을 제거하기 위하여 ADS simulation을 이용하여 특성 변화를 예측하였다. 제작된 Cartesian 피드백 송신기는 출력 전력 43 dBm에서 -54 dBc의 IMD3 특성을 나타내었으며, 이는 선형화 전과 비교하여 22.4 dB의 선형성 개선 효과가 있음을 의미한다. 따라서 본 논문에서 제작한 Cartesian 피드백 송신기를 이용하여 협-대역 전송시스템에 적용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.13-28
• /
• 2007

학생들이 분수 나눗셈을 이해하기 어려워하는 이유 중 하나는 분수 나눗셈의 구체화가 어렵고 불충분하기 때문이다. 측정 맥락과 분할 맥락의 구체화에 비해 곱과 인수 맥락에서의 구체화는 상대적으로 부족한 실정이다. 이 연구에서는 카테시안 곱의 역 맥락에서 분수 나눗셈 알고리즘을 구체화하였다. 카테시안 곱의 역 맥락에서 이루어져 있는 기존의 분수 나눗셈 구체화의 한계를 논의하고, 세로의 길이를 고정하고 가로의 길이를 1 또는 자연수로 만드는 방법과 넓이가 1인 직사각형을 이용하는 방법으로 분수 나눗셈을 제시하였다. 이와 같은 방법은 제수의 역수의 의미, 제수를 1로 만드는 것의 중요성, 기존 학습 내용과의 연결성, 다양한 접근 가능성 면에서 장점이 있다. 이와 같은 장점을 살려 카테시안 곱의 역 맥락에서 분수 나눗셈 알고리즘을 도입하는 것을 고려할 수 있다.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.123-137
• /
• 1993

In this paper, an integrated approach is proposed to generate gouging-free Cartesian tool paths for machining sculptured surfaces from 3D measurement data. The integrated CAD/CAM system consists of two modules : offset surface module an Carteian tool path module. The offset surface module generates an offset surface of an object from its 3D measurement data, using an offsetting method and a surface fitting method. The offsetting is based on the idea that the envelope of an inversed tool generates an offset surface without self-intersection as the center of the inversed tool moves along on the surface of an object. The surface-fitting is the process of constructing a compact representation to model the surface of an object based on a fairly large number of data points. The resulting offset surtace is a composite Bezier surface without self-intersection. When an appropriate tool-approach direction is selected, the tool path module generates the Cartesian tool paths while the deviation of the tool paths from the surface stays within the user-specified tolerance. The tool path module is a two-step process. The first step adaptively subdivides the offset surface into subpatches until the thickness of each subpatch is small enough to satisfy the user-defined tolerance. The second step generates the Cartesian tool paths by calculating the intersection of the slicing planes and the adaptively subdivided subpatches. This tool path generation approach generates the gouging-free Cartesian CL tool paths, and optimizes the cutter movements by minimizing the number of interpolated points.

• 한국주조공학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.33-37
• /
• 2009

Cartesian grid system has mainly been used in the casting simulation even though it does not nicely represent sloped and curved surfaces. These distorted boundaries cause several problems. A special treatment is necessary to clear these problems. In this paper, we propose a new method that can consider the cutting cells which are cut by casting and mold based on the partial cell treatment (PCT). This method provides a better representation of geometry surface and will be used in the computation of velocities that are defined on the cell boundaries in the Cartesian grid system. Various test examples for several casting process were computed and validated. The analysis results of more accurate fluid flow pattern and less momentum loss owing to the stepped boundaries in the Cartesian grid system were confirmed. By using the cut cell method, performance of computation gets better because of reducing the whole number of meshes.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.1752-1756
• /
• 2008

A simple, accurate and efficient mesh generation technique, the cut-cell method, is able to represent an arbitrarily complex geometry. Both structured and unstructured grid meshes are used in this method. First, the numerical domain is constructed with regular Cartesian grids as a background grid and then the solid boundaries or bodies are cut out of the background Cartesian grids. As a result, some boundary cells can be contained two numerical conditions such as the flow and solid conditions, where the special treatment is needed to simulate such physical characteristics. The HLLC approximate Riemann solver, a Godunov-type finite volume method, is employed to discretize the advection terms in the governing equations. Also, the TVD-WAF method is applied on the Cartesian cut-cell grids to stabilize numerical results. Present method is validated for the rectangular dam break problems. Initially, a conventional grid is constructed with the Cartesian regular mesh only and then applied to the dam-break flow simulation. As a comparative simulation, a cut-cell grids are applied to represent the flow domain rotated with arbitrary angles. Numerical results from this study are compared with the results from the case of the Cartesian regular mesh only. A good agreement is achieved with other numerical results presented in the literature.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.1155-1162
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we find the maximum exponent of D ${\times}$ E, the cartesian product of two digraphs D and E on n, n + 2 vertices, respectively for an even integer $n\geq4$. We also characterize the extrema cases.