• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.292-295
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• 2010

The surgical treatments for aortic arch aneurysm are thought to be very invasive procedures, and high morbidity and mortality rates have been reported after aortic arch aneurysm operations. Many surgeons currently prefer the insertion of a stent-graft rather than an operation for treating an aortic arch aneurysm and if needed, with bypass of the subclavian or carotid arteries, which is called the 'hybrid method'. We managed one patient with an aortic arch aneurysm by using the hybrid method, and so we report on this case with a review of the relevant literature.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.94-99
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• 2005

Paraganglioma is a neoplasm consisting of sympathetic neuroendocrine cells, which arise from neural ectoderm of extra-adrenal paraganglia. It often occurs in thyroid, carotid body, mediastinum, lung, duodenum, the retroperitoneal area and periaortic area. Malignant paraganglioma is defined not by the histological diagnosis, but by spread to regional lymph nodes or distant metastasis. Rare bone metastasis mostly occurs in the base of skull or spine, and even it rarely metastasizes to pelvis or femur. We would like to report two cases of paraganglioma; one in the subcutaneous fat layer that was mistaken for a vascular tumor, and the other in the retroperitoneal space with early bone metastasis.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.243-250
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• 2014

Generalized anaphylaxis is a most dramatic and acutely life-threatening allergic reaction and may cause death within a few minutes. Differential diagnosis of anaphylaxis is made by clinical signs, such as, mental change, respiratory distress, hypotension, hypoglycemia, urticaria and angioedema. Especially, insulin reaction, myocardial infarction and vasovagal syncope are considered as differential diagnosis. In cases of fatal anaphylaxis, respiratory and cardiovascular disturbances predominate and are evident early in the reaction. This is a case report of the intensive care of anaphylactic shock after intravenous injection of the penicillin in a old medically compromised patient with the maxillary osteonecrosis. The anaphylactic shock symptoms, such as, unconsciousness, respiratory disorder, no pulsation on carotid artery and cardiopulmonary arrest are occurred in intravenous injection of augmentin 1.2 g after the skin test. In spite of immediate emergency cares, such as intravenous injection of epinephrine, endotracheal intubation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and continuous intensive care, the patient is expired in 58 hours after anaphylactic shock attack.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.145-155
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• 2014

Vascular dementia is characterized by white matter lesions involving the demyelination and activation of astrocytes and microglia. In a previous study, we showed that the supernatant of a laboratory-scale, hot water extract of ground whole wheat (TALE) attenuated white matter injury and astrocytic activation in a rat model of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). In the present study, we made several modifications to the hot water extraction process to remove starch and enable large-scale production. We used wheat bran (WB), which contains less starch, instead of ground whole wheat. In addition, we removed starch granules with a decanter before hot water extraction. The final product, wheat bran extract (WBE), contained 2.42% arabinose, a surrogate marker of arabinoxylan, which is an active constituent of WBE. Supplementation of the rat model of BCCAO with WBE (400 mg/kg/day) for 33 days attenuated white matter injury, which was assessed by Luxol Fast Blue staining, in the corpus callosum (cc) and optic tract (opt) regions. Attenuation of white matter injury in the opt region was accompanied by improvement of the pupillary light reflex. Immunochemical staining revealed that supplementation with WBE reduced astrocytic activation in the cc and opt regions and reduced microglial activation in the opt region. These findings indicate that supplementation with WBE is effective at attenuating white matter injury accompanied by the inhibition of astrocytic and microglial activation. Therefore, extracts from WB, a cheap by-product of wheat milling, can be developed as a nutraceutical to prevent vascular dementia, a disease for which there is no approved pharmaceutical treatment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.723-731
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• 2013

This study provides a comparative analysis of the effects of pre-slaughter penetrative and non-penetrative stunning and post-slaughter stunning on meat quality attributes in longissimus lumborum (LL) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles in heifers. Ten animals were assigned to each of four treatment groups: i) animals were subjected to conventional Halal slaughter (a clean incision through the structures at the front of the upper neck - the trachea, oesophagus, carotid arteries and jugular veins) and post-cut penetrating mechanical stun within 10 to 20 s of the neck cut (Unstunned; US); ii) high power non-penetrating mechanical stunning followed by the neck cut (HPNP); iii) low power non-penetrating mechanical stunning followed by the neck cut (LPNP); and iv) penetrative stunning using a captive bolt pistol followed by the neck cut (P). For each carcass, muscle samples were removed within 45 min of slaughter, portioned and analysed for pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity (WHC), tenderness (WBS), lipid oxidation (TBARS) and color, over a two week storage period. Stunning did not affect pH and cooking loss. Significant differences in water holding capacity, tenderness, lipid oxidation and color were present at different storage time points. HPNP stunning resulted in lower WHC and color values, particularly lightness ($L^*$), higher TBARS values and peak force values compared with those stunned using LPNP, P and US. These adverse effects on quality were mostly encountered in the ST muscle. In conclusion, the meat quality achieved using P, LPNP and US treatments was comparable, and no treatment stood out as considerably better than another.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.97-97
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• 2003

Contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) gradually occupies its position as a primary evaluation tool forsteno-occlusive disease of supra-aortic cervical arteries. It has several advantages over time-of-flight (TOF) technique such as shorter imaging time, less saturation effect, and less flow- and motion-related artifacts. Diverse methods of k-space sampling, imaging sequences, and strategies for image acquisitiontiming have been introduced since its early clinical application. Especially, methods of k-space sampling and image acquisition timing are very important to achieve maximal arterial enhancement and suppress venous signal while maintaining large scan coverage and high spatial resolution. In addition, regardless of several advantages over TOF technique, it still has a tendency to overestimate the degree of stenosis in patients with carotid or vertebralartery disease. In this exhibit, we will overview the current techniques of CE-MRA with special attention to methods of k-space sampling and image acquisition timing. We will also discuss diagnostic accuracy of CE-MRA in patients with supra-aortic cervical artery stenosis and artifacts frequently misinterpreted as steno-occlusive lesion on CE-MRA.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.357-362
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• 1994

Five adult sheep were exposed to intermittent cold for 12 h (18:00-06:00) at an air temperature of $5{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ followed by 12 h (06:00-18:00) at $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ over a period of 8 days continuously. Carotid artery blood (Tc), mean skin (Ts) and mean body (Tb = 0.86 Tc + 0.14 Ts) temperatures, heat production rate (HP), respiratory evaporative heat loss, respiration rate (RR) and volume were measured before and after exposure. Tc during the 12 h cold period of intermittent cold exposure was similar to that during the corresponding period in the warm environment, while Tc in the $25^{\circ}C$ of intermittent cold was higher (p < 0.05) than that in the corresponding period in the warm environment. Ts during the cold period markedly decreased (p < 0.001) by about $9^{\circ}C$ when compared with that in the corresponding time period in the warm environment, while Ts during the $25^{\circ}C$ period of intermittent cold recovered to a similar level to that in the warm environment. Tb was lower (p < 0.001) during the cold period of intermittent cold, whereas a slight increase in Tb during the $25^{\circ}C$ period of intermittent cold was significant (p < 0.05) when compared with the value during the similar period in the warm environment. HP was greatly increased (p < 0.001) by cold exposure, followed by an immediate decrease during the first one hour of the 12 h warm period, reaching a similar level to that in the warm environment. A lower (p < 0.05) RR was observed during both the cold and $25^{\circ}C$ period of intermittent cold than during the corresponding periods in the warm environment. The results of the present investigation clearly show that the body temperature of sheep increased during a 12 h warm period following 12 h of exposure to cold. These results suggest that during a warm period of an intermittent cold exposure cycle, heat could be shored in the animal body.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.296-304
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• 2005

Quantitative analysis compare to dynamic characteristic change of the regional cerebral blood volume(rCBV) after development of cerebral fat embolism in cats using perfusion magnetic resonance(MR) Imaging. Twenty cats were used. Linoleic acid (n=11) were injected into the internal carotid artery using microcatheter through the transfemoral approach. Polyvinyl alcohol (Ivalon) (n=9) was injected as a control group. Perfusion MR images were obtained at 30 minutes and 2 hours after embolization, based on T2 and diffusion-weighted images. The data was time-to-signal intensity curve and ${\Delta}R_2^*$ curve were obtained continuously with the aid of home-maid image process algorithm and IDL(interactive data Banguage, USA) softwares. The ratios of rCBV increased significantly at 2 hours compared with those of 30 minutes (P<0.005). In conclusion, cerebral blood flow decreased in cerebral fat embolism immediately after embolization and recovered remarkably in time course. It is thought that clinically informations to dynamic characteristic change of the cerebral hemodynamics to the early finding in cerebral infarction by diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) and perfusion weighted imaging(PWI).

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.86-90
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• 2003

Alagille syndrome is a autosomal dominant disorder characterized by intrahepatic bile duct paucity and resultant chronic cholestasis in combination with cardiac(mainly peripheral pulmonary stenosis), skeletal, ocular, and facial abnormalities. In addition to the pulmonary stenosis, in large series, anecdotal reports of vascular lesions have concerned the renal artery, aorta, hepatic artery, carotid artery, celiac artery or subclavian artery. Theses diffuse vascular abnormalities, which appear to be a feature of Alagille syndrome, suggest Notch signaling pathway defects affect angiogenesis. The associations of Alagille syndrome with moyamoya disease, the chronic cerebrovascular occlusive disease, were reported and suggested as additional evidence of vasculopathy of Alagille syndrome. We report another 25 month-old Alagille syndrome girl who presented with acute left hemiparesis and was diagnosed with moyamoya disease through the cerebral angiographic study.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Objective: Peritumoral brain edema(PTBE) accounts for approximately 60% of meningiomas. It has not been identified why vasogenic edema, frequently shown in intra-axial tumors is also developed in extra-axial tumor such as meningiomas. Therefore, the authors assess the peritumoral brain edema of meningiomas with a focus on the angiographic pattern and expression of MIB-1 to clarify their correlation. Methods: A total 32 cases of meningioma was studied. The authors attempted to identify 1) the location of PTBE and the edema index (EI), 2) the location and dominancy of pial supply compared with meningeal supply, 3) the biological activity of meningiomas indicated by the MIB-1 LI (labeling index), 4) their interaction. Results: No PTBE was observed in the meningiomas without pial arterial supplement from internal carotid artery (ICA) and vertebral artery (VA). The PTBE of meningiomas with pial supply was developed intensely along the pial arterial supplement, and increased statistically in proportion to the extent of pial supply from ICA or VA rather than meningeal supply. Also, the MIB-1 LI in meningiomas tended to be larger in the tumors of the larger EI and the dominancy of pial supply. Conclusion: A strong correlation is found between the extent of PTBE in meningiomas and the dominancy of pial supply. The MIB-1 LI also tend to be associated with the PTBE. Therefore, the MIB-1 LI in benign meningiomas may represent not only the proliferative potential of the tumor, but also the biological activity like angiogenesis.