• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.513-516
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• 2011

The occurrence of dental caries is mainly associated with oral pathogens, especially cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacterium showing inhibitory activity against cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. As results, an isolate with strong inhibitory activity was obtained from Kimchi and it was identified as Lactobacillus sakei by API and 16S rRNA gene analyses. This strain secreted an inhibitory compound in cell growth medium and the activity of the compound was completely disappeared by proteinase K revealing the fact that the compound is proteinous substance, bacteriocin. Optimal culture condition for bacteriocin production by Lb. sakei K-7 was at pH 7.5 and $37^{\circ}C$ for 18 h. Oral administration of this isolate may give anticariogenic and probiotic effects on hosts.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1221-1225
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• 2003

As an effort to select powerful anti-cariogenic materials from natural resources, various plant extracts were examined for their anti-S. mutans and anti-glucosyltransferase (GTase) activities. The ethanol extracts of licorice bark, which was produced after water extraction of licorice, showed the most powerful anti-S. mutans as well as anti-GTase activities. When licorice bark was consecutively fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate, and butanol, the chloroform fraction exhibited the strongest anti-S. mutans activites. This fraction was further fractionated into 4 fractions through a silica gel column, and according to HPLC analysis, anti-S. mutant activities seemed to come mostly from relatively hydrophobic materials.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was designed to understand the oral health fact of high school students, search for an education method and learning goal appropriate for the subjects, and utilize them as basic data to think of effective solutions for oral health care. Methods: The samples to achieve the purpose of this research are composed of 386 students in J industrial high school, OO city, Kyounggido, the number of male students 286, and female students 100. Data were statistically analyzed by frequency analysis, cross tabulation by using SPSS WIN Ver. 12.0. Results: First, The answers in terms of oral symptoms were in the order of 31.8% for gum hurt and bleeding, 31.4% for pain in teeth by drinking or eating hot and cold drinks or food, 27.1% for broken or cracked teeth, 25.7% for aching and throbbing teeth, 20.6% for unpleasant mouth smell, and 5.7% for pain of tongue and soft oral tissues. Second, In terms of behavior for oral health, 88.4% answered that they consume cariogenic snacks, while 29.2% of them, 2.5% of male and 6.3% of female enjoy consuming them but hardly brush their teeth after consumption. Third, In terms of timing for brushing teeth, the results show that 50.0% do so before breakfast, 47.9% after breakfast, 15.2% after lunch, 36.9% after dinner, 65.5% before going to sleep, and 3.5% after consuming snacks, whereas 64.2% answered that they are not aware of fluorine mouthwash. Fourth, In terms of oral health condition. proportion of children with one or more caries in permanent teeth was 71.0%, while 51.4% have $2{\sim}3$ cariogenic teeth, and 16.8% have more than 4 cariogenic teeth. Considering sex, female students have somewhat higher ratio showing 68.5% for male and 78.0% for female, but the ratio was 53.1% for male and 46.7% for female in case of $2{\sim}3$ cariogenic teeth, and 17.5% for male and 15.8% for female in case of more than 4 cariogenic teeth. 9.3% of students turned out to have decayed teeth. Fifth, In terms of oral hygiene condition, only 7.9% of them had excellent condition, and 38.4% need to improve. More specifically, 41.1% of male students and 30.6% of female students need to improve their oral hygiene condition. Conclusions: The study results suggest that School Dental health programs increase and need to be community-incorporated and comprehensive from elementary to high school.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to collect basic data for the development of effective oral health education program in elementary school. The subjects in this study Were 604 fourth-year, fifth-year and sixth-year students of an elementary school in Seoul, Oral health awareness and behaviors were surveyed and analyzed. The findings of this study were as follows: 1. The most common time for toothbrushing was after dinner(62.0%) and before bedtime(62.3%). By school year, the largest number who brushed their teeth after dinner were fourth and fifth graders while the greatest number who did so after breakfast were sixth graders. Seventy-four percent of respondents brushed the teeth twice or more a day. By school year, the fifth-year students brushed their teeth the least while girls outperformed the boys in daily toothbrushing frequency(p<0.05). Regarding the intake of cariogenic food, 62.1% took that kind of food once or more a day. By school year, the fifth graders took the most (p<0.05), and girls took more cariogenic food than the boys(p<0.05). 2. Ninety percent of the respondents had visited a dental clinic. By grade, the sixth-year students had visited a dental clinic more frequently and girls more frequently than boys. Eighty percent of the respondents visited a dental clinic to receive treatment but just 12.3% visited a dental clinic to prevent oral diseases. Concerning the fear of dental treatment, only 14.4% expressed fear. School year made no difference, yet the percentage of girls who experienced fear was higher than that of boys(p<0.05). Regarding preventive treatment, 39.7% experienced pit and fissure sealing and 24.2% experienced the application of fluorides. All the students hadn't much experience in preventive treatment regardless of school year -- gender didn't make a difference. 3. Fourty-six percent of respondents had a preference for the fluoride mouth rinsing program; 38.4% wanted that program to continue. As to the reason for preference, 38.2% preferred it because of the prevention of dental caries, 43.0%, the largest percentage, didn't favor it because they found it too much trouble to do(some of the respondents gave two different answers). 4. Despite an increase in the frequency of toothbrushing at the right time, they still took cariogenic food frequently. Their visit to a dental clinics also aimed at treatment more than at prevention, and they had very narrow experience of preventive treatment Furthermore, the fluoride mouth rinsing program failed to draw their interest Therefore, it is recommended that a successful oral health education program should be developed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.503-509
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• 1991

Action of a cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) produced from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. No.4 was studied in a solution containing starch and sucrose to prepare glycosyl sucrose syrup with good sweetness and antidecaying properties of teeth. In the initial stage of the reaction the CGTase produced cyclodextrin, however, the cyclodextrin disappeared and glycosyl sucrose was formed with the lapse of reaction time. The best proportion of sucrose to starch for prodution of glycosyl sucrose was about 1 : 1. The optimum pH and temperature of the coupling reaction was pH 6.0 and $60^{\circ}C$, respectively. Main composition of glycosyl sucrose syrup prepared with 20% starch and 20% sucrose was sucrose 18%, glucosyl sucrose ($G_{2}F$) 15.3% and maltosyl sucorse ($G_{3}F$) 11.3%. And glucose, maltose and maltotriose were produced very little. Smaller amounts of acid and insoluble glucan were formed in the syrup by Streptococcus mtans OMZ176 than in the sucrose. Therefore, the prepared glycosyl sucrose sucrose syrup is expected to prevent teeth from decaying.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.286-289
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• 2005

Active antibacterial compound against periodontitis-causing bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis was isolated from Kaempferia pandurata and identified as panduratin A. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of panduratin A was $4\;{\mu}g/mL$, much lower than those of other natural antibacterial agents. Panduratin A also showed antibacterial activity against Prevotella intermedia ($2\;{\mu}g/mL$), P. loescheii ($4\;{\mu}g/mL$), and cariogenic Streptococcus mutans ($4\;{\mu}g/mL$). Damage on cell wall and perturbation of cytoplasmic membrane of panduratin A-treated P. gingivalis were visualized through transmission electron microscopy. These results suggest panduratin A, exhibiting strong and preferential antiperiodontal and anticariogenic activities, may be utilized in functional foods for prevention of oral diseases.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Anti oralmicrobial effects of Nulembo nucifera were determined against S.mutans, S.sobrinus S.sobrinus, F.nucleatum, and A.actinomycetemcomitans using paper disc method, minimum inhibitory concentrate (MICs). Extracts of lotus leaf showed the highest yield. MeOH extract is 21%, Chloroform fraction is 4.2%, ethylacetate fraction is 8.2%, water fraction is 19%. Different parts such as flower, leaf, seed and pod showed antimicrobial effects against S.mutans, with flower and seed extracts showing strong antimicrobial effect aganinst S.sobrinus KCCM11897. Leaf extract(1000pm concentration) showed over 50% inhibitory effect against S.mutans and S.sobrinus KCCM11897. Flower extract showed over 40% inhibitory effect against F.nucleatum and A.actinomycetemcomitans. MICs of flower extract against S.sobrinus KCCM11897,11898 and leaf extract against S.mutans, S.sobrinus KCCM11897 were $625\;{\mu}g/ml$, indicating Nulembo nucifera extract can exert antimicrobial activity even at low concentration. All extractes with heat at $120^{\circ}C$ had antimicrobial activity, which means that is a very stable substances. F.nucleatum and A.actinomycetemcomitans was stable against acid it had a trend that the more akali side was the lower acitivity.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.364-377
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• 2011

This study was conducted to provide basic information on toothbrushing habits, snack intake frequency, and current dental caries in elementary school students. A total of 188 students (105 boys and 83 girls) in Changwon city participated in this study. Dental examination was conducted by two dental hygienists in July, 2010. The results were as follows. Exactly 86.2% of students were shown to have dental caries, which includes a sealant and removed teeth due to decay. The average number of teeth with dental caries per student was 3.8. Exactly 60.6% of students were shown to maintain correct toothbrushing habits to prevent dental caries, but only 12.8% brushed their teeth immediately after a meal or snack. Exactly 82.4% percent of participants received toothbrushing education, 47.1% of them received it from an expert, 43.9% received from their parents, and 28.2% used tooth paste with fluorine. Regarding snack intake frequency, ice cream was the most consumed cariogenic food and white milk was the most consumed protective food. The >=7 teeth with dental caries group consumed higher frequency of carbonated beverages intake than the 'no dental caries' group (P<0.05), and the '5~6 teeth with dental caries' group consumed higher frequency of chocolate intake than 'no dental caries' group (P<0.05).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.617-622
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• 2006

In the present study, we investigated the anticariogenic compounds from Aralia continertalis (A. continnentalis) has been isolated and identified by MS, $^1H-NMR$ and $^{13}C-NMR$. The MeOH extract was suspended in $H_2O$ and sequentially Partitioned with $CHCl_3$, EtOAc, and n-BuOH. The $CHCl_3$ fraction showed remarkable antibacterial activity against S. mutans. The antibacterial activity compounds against 5. mutans by MIC was isolated successively through the screening system and various chromatography methods. From this active chloroform subfraction, isolation and identification finally gave continentalic acid by spectroscopic methods (MS, $^1H-NMR$ and $^{13}C-NMR$) as an active principle. The compound, continentalic acid, showed significant growth, acid production, adhesion and water-insoluble glucan synthesis inhibitory effect against 5. mutars. These results suggest that continentalic acid from A. continentalis may inhibit cariogenic properties of S. mutans and these properties may provide some scientific rationales that the local inhabitants used the extracts for treatment of dental diseases.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.230-236
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• 1998

We have screened total 32 herbal drugs to find the highest activity against human cariogenic enzyme, glucosyltransferase (GTase) from the extracts of Magnoliae bark. The extracts were separated into three phases, i. e. water, n-butanol and ethylacetate according to their solvent polarity. Among them, ethylacetate fraction had approximately more than 70% of total activities, and the active principle was further isolated by prep. HPLC following silicagel column chromatography to yield single compound as white powder. The chemical structure of the compound was finally elucidated to be 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxylignan from the spectral data of FAB-MS. $^1H-\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$ spectrometries. The compound was also shown to have relatively strong antibacterial activity against ten types of cariogenic oral bacteria and one kind of Actinomyces sp.