• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.643-647
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• 2000

From March 1988 to June 1994, 275 CarboMedics cardiac valve prostheses(199 mitral, 70 aortic and 3 tricuspid) were implanted in 226 consecutive patients(mean age 39 years, male/female 90/136) by one surgical team operating on adult cardiac patients at Kyungpook University Hospital. Total follow up represented 16,848 patient-months(mean 76 months) and follow up rate was 96%. One hundred and forty-nine patients(66%) wer in NYHA functional class III or IV preoperatively, and 204 patients(99.5%) were in class I or II postoperatively. Early mortality was 4.9% and late death was 9.3%. The actuarial survival at 81 months was 86.l2$\pm$3.1%. The linearized incidence of valve-related death, prosthetic valve thrombosis, anticoagulation-related hemorrhage, non-structural dysfunction and reoperation were 0.71%, 0.43%, 0.07%, 0.21%, and 0.14% respectively. The 81-month rate of freedom from all valve related complications and deaths including hospital mortality was 88.1$\pm$2.5%. Thee facts suggest that the CarboMedics cardiac valve has excellent result, low incidence of valve-related complications and no structureal deterioration.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.308-311
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• 2020

Extracts of ginseng species show antihyperglycemic activity. We evaluated the inhibitory effects of diabetic complications for Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), which is enriched in ginsenosides using Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. The animals were divided into one of four groups (n = 6~9): Long-Evans-Tokushima-Otsuka rats (control rats), OLETF rats, rats given 200 mg/kg KRG, and rats given 400 mg/kg KRG. We examined the protective potential of KRG against type 2 diabetic illnesses. The results exhibited that KRG showed significant antihyperglycemic and antioxidative effects in KRG-treated OLETF rats. And, our results proposed the amelioration of cardiac function through normalized ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and vascular reactivity. Furthermore, histopathological abnormalities in the OLETF rats were prevented by KRG treatment.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.753-759
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• 1989

Recently, the arterial switch operation has received more interest and increased application for many patients with TGA [Transposition of the Great Arteries]. Not all patients, however, are suitable candidates for this approach, and its success will be measured against the Senning procedure. From June 1982 through June 1989, 48 consecutive patients underwent correction of TGA by a modification of the Senning procedure in our hospital. 34 were males and 14 females, with ages ranging from 3 months to 99 months [mean age 14 months]. The patients were divided into two groups, group I [TGA with intact ventricular septum or without significant pulmonary hypertension] and group II [TGA with significant pulmonary hypertension]. The hospital mortality was 9.5 % in group I and 55.6 % in group lI. 31 patients were discharged from the hospital after a Senning operation and have been followed a mean of 31.2 months. There were 5 late deaths, 3 in group I and 2 in group II. All patients were followed up with EKG, echocardiogram, and in several cases, Holter monitor and cardiac catheterization and angiography were also performed. There have been arrhythmias in 7, superior vena caval obstruction in 5, pulmonary venous obstruction in 2 and tricuspid insufficiency and/or right ventricular dysfunction in 16 patients. The Senning operation for Simple TGA can be performed with a low operative mortality and morbidity, but tricuspid insufficiency and/or depressed right ventricular function can be a problem with prolonged follow up.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2021

Purpose: The present study aimed to analyze the effect of trauma-related shock on myocardial function in the early stages of trauma through transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) findings. Methods: We performed a retrospective review and analysis of the medical records of patients aged ≥18 years who were evaluated by TTE within 2 days of admission for trauma-related shock (n=72). Patients were selected from a group of 739 patients admitted with trauma-related shock between January 2014 and December 2016. Results: The incidence rate of myocardial dysfunction in the left ventricle (LV) was 6.8% (5/72), with rates of 7.7% (4/52) in the thoracic injury group and 5.0% (1/20) in the non-thoracic injury group. In the diastolic function of LV, relaxation abnormality was present in 55.8% (29/52) of patients in the thoracic injury group and 50% (10/20) of patients in the non-thoracic injury group. Conclusions: This study may suggest that traumatic shock without thoracic injury may influence myocardial function in the early stages after trauma. Therefore, evaluation of myocardial function may be needed for patients experiencing shock after trauma, regardless of the presence of thoracic injury.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2022

Postoperative critical care management for lung transplant recipients in the intensive care unit (ICU) has expanded in recent years due to its complexity and impact on clinical outcomes. The practical aspects of post-transplant critical care management, especially regarding ventilation and hemodynamic management during the early postoperative period in the ICU, are discussed in this brief review. Monitoring in the ICU provides information on the patient's clinical status, diagnostic assessment of complications, and future management plans since lung transplantation involves unique pathophysiological conditions and risk factors for complications. After lung transplantation, the grafts should be appropriately ventilated with lung protective strategies to prevent ventilator-induced lung injury, as well as to promote graft function and maintain adequate gas exchange. Hypotension and varying degrees of pulmonary edema are common in the immediate postoperative lung transplantation setting. Ventricular dysfunction in lung transplant recipients should also be considered. Therefore, adequate volume and hemodynamic management with vasoactive agents based on their physiological effects and patient response are critical in the early postoperative lung transplantation period. Integrated management provided by a professional multidisciplinary team is essential for the critical care management of lung transplant recipients in the ICU.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.204-212
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• 2023

Diabetes is a condition that can be brought on by a variety of different factors, some of which include, but are not limited to, the following: age, a lack of physical activity, a sedentary lifestyle, a family history of diabetes, high blood pressure, depression and stress, inappropriate eating habits, and so on. Diabetes is a disorder that can be brought on by a number of different factors. A chronic disorder that may lead to a wide range of complications. Diabetes mellitus is synonymous with diabetes. There is a correlation between diabetes and an increased chance of having a variety of various ailments, some of which include, but are not limited to, cardiovascular disease, nerve damage, and eye difficulties. There are a number of illnesses that are connected to kidney dysfunction, including stroke. According to the figures provided by the International Diabetes Federation, there are more than 382 million people all over the world who are afflicted with diabetes. This number will have risen during the years in order to reach 592 million by the year 2035. There are a substantial number of people who become victims on a regular basis, and a significant percentage of those people are uninformed of whether or not they have it. The individuals who are most adversely impacted by it are those who are between the ages of 25 and 74 years old. This paper reviews about various machine learning techniques used to detect diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: A body of research advocates the prognostic role and usefulness of the volumetric markers of left atrial (LA) phasic functions in the diagnosis of LA dysfunction. We aimed to determine the independent determinants of the volumetric markers of LA contraction function in candidates for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 516 candidates for CABG. The biplane maximal, minimal, and pre-P volumes of the LA were measured with two-dimensional echocardiography, and LA active emptying fraction was calculated. The standardized correlation coefficient for the correlation between each factor and LA active emptying fraction was calculated by using univariate and backward multivariable regression analyses. RESULTS: The multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that the heart rate (β = 0.15; p = 0.001), S (β = 0.09; p = 0.036), E/e' ratio (β = -0.11; p = 0.014), left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction (β = 0.15; p = 0.001), and LA enlargement (β = -0.19; p < 0.001) were the independent determinants of LA active emptying fraction. CONCLUSIONS: The independent determinants of LA contraction function were the heart rate, S, LV ejection fraction, LA enlargement, and E/e' ratio in candidates for CABG surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.891-899
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• 2006

배경: 저자들은 ATS 기계 판막의 10년간의 임상결과 및 판막 관련 합병증을 조사하여 해당 판막의 안정성을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 7월부터 2005년 3월까지 ATS 인공판막으로 수술을 시행 받은 305명의 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 환자들의 평균 나이는 $49.8{\pm}11.7$세였고 남자가 140명(45.6%)이었다. 판막 대치술의 원인으로는 류마티스성 판막질환이 207예(67.4%), 판막의 퇴행성 변화가 57예(18.6%, 이엽성 대동맥 판막 포함), 이전에 이식한 판막의 기능부전이 23예(7.5%),감염성 심내막염이 14예(4.6%) 등이었다. 시행했던 수술로는 대동맥판막 치환술이 72예(23.5%), 승모판막 치환술이 156예(50.8%), 이중판막 치환술(AVR+MVR)이 63예(20.5%), 삼첨판막 치환술을 포함한 경우가 16예(5.2%)였다. 결과: 수술 관련 사망은 9예 있었다(사망률; 2.9%). 추적 관찰 기간은 $56.5{\pm}34.0(0{\sim}115)$개월이었고 누적 추적 관찰률은 96.4%였으며, 이 중 9명의 환자가 만기 사망하였다. Kaplan-Meier 생존 분석을 이용한 5년과 10년의 통계 결과들은 생존율이 $94.9{\pm}1.3%,\;91.2{\pm}2.3%$였으며, 판막과 관련된 사건이 없을 확률은 $90.8{\pm}2.0%,\;86.9{\pm}3.2%$였다. 판막과 관련된 합병증으로는 출혈 관련 합병증이 16예로 가장 많았고, 혈전색전증 관련 합병증이 6예, 인공 판막 심내막염이 3예, 판막 변연부 누출이 1예 등이었다. 수술 후 환자들의 NYHA class는 유의하게 호전되었다(p<0.05). 심초음파로 측정한 수술 전후 심장 크기에 있어서는 좌심방과 확장기말 및 수축기말의 좌심실 크기 모두에 있어서 수술 후 유의한 감소를 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.01). 대동맥 판막 크기에 따른 판막 전후의 압력차에 관한 분석에서는 19 mm와 21 mm의 판막을 사용한 경우가 그보다 큰 판막을 사용한 경우에 비하여 유의하게 큰 것을 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.001, p<0.001). 결론: 10년간의 사용결과 ATS 인공판막은 우수한 혈역학적 결과와 함께 낮은 판막과 관련된 합병증의 빈도를 나타내었다. ATS 기계 판막은 임상적으로 비교적 안전하게 사용할 수 있는 판막이라고 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권8호
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• pp.552-557
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• 2007

배경: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)는 심실 심근 세포에서 생성되는 심장 호르몬이며, 울혈성 심부전, 심실비대증, 심근염, 심장이식 후 거부반응 때 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 심장이식 후 거부 반응의 예측 인자로서의 BNP의 역할에 대해 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 심장이식을 받은 10명의 환자를 대상으로 하여 2004년 1월부터 2005년 8월까지 BNP측정값, 심내막 생검을 통한 거부반응, 혈역학적 지표, 심초음파 검사 결과 등을 조사하였으며, 57예의 BNP 측정값의 중간값인 290 pg/mL를 기준으로 하여 Low BNP (n=28, $BNP{\le}290$ pg/mL)군, High BNP (n=29, BNP>290 pg/mL)군으로 나누어 거부반응의 정도, 좌심실구혈률, 삼첨판막 폐쇄 부전, 좌심실비대, 폐동맥쐐기압, 평균 폐동맥압, 우심방압을 후향적으로 비교 분석하였다. 결과: BNP값의 차이에 따른 양 군 간심내막생검에 따른 거부반응의 정도, 좌심실구혈률, 삼첨판막 폐쇄 부전, 좌심실비대, 우심방압은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 그러나, High BNP군에서 폐동맥쐐기압, 평균 폐동맥압이 Low BNP군보다 높았으며(p<0.05), BNP 측정값은 폐동맥쐐기압과 의미 있는 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.590, p<0.001). BNP 측정값 620 pg/mL를 기준으로 했을때, 폐동맥쐐기압은 83.3%의 민감도와 91.1%의 특이도를 보이며 12 mmHg보다 높은 값을 보였다(AUC: $0.900{\pm}0.045$, p<0.001). 결론: 심장이식 후 BNP 측정값은 거부반응의 정도와 의미 있는 상관관계를 보이지는 않았으나, 심실의 이완기 불능 상태를 평가하는 유용한 지표가 될 수 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.763-769
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• 2009

배경: 통상적인 정중 흉골 절개를 이용한 개심술 후 흉골의 불안정성과 흉골 창상 감염은 대부분 동반되어 발생하며 수술 후 경과에 심각한 영향을 끼치게 된다. 본 연구에서는 각기 다른 흉골 봉합 방법을 사용함에 따른 흉골 감염 빈도를 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 4월부터 2008년 12월까지 흉골 절개를 이용한 개심술을 시행 받은 성인 환자 157명을 대상으로 하였다. 이들 중 86명의 A군 환자들은 통상적인 흉골 봉합법을 사용하였고, 나머지 71명의 B군 환자에게는 변형 Robicsek 흉골 봉합법을 사용하였으며. 두 군간의 수술 후 흉골창상 합병증의 빈도에 대해 조사하였다. 결과: 평균 연령은 A군보다 B군이 더 높았다($61{\pm}10$세 vs $57{\pm}13$세). 수술 전 좌심실 구출 율 30% 미만의 좌심실 기능 부전, 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환, 투석이 필요한 신부전 및 당뇨의 빈도가 B군에서 유의하게 높았으나 그 외 수술 전후 감염의 위험 인자는 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. A군 환자 중 2명에게서 표재성 흉부 창상 감염이 발생하였고 B군에서는 4명의 환자에게서 발생하였으나 통계적 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다(p=0.255). 그러나 A군 환자들 중 6명의 환자들에게서 흉골 감염이 발생한 반면 B군에서는 한 명도 발생하지 않았으며 이는 유의한 차이를 보였다. 결론: 고위험 환자에게 변형 Robicsek 흉골 봉합법을 사용함으로써 흉골의 안전성을 확보할 수 있었으며, 흉골 감염 빈도가 줄어든 것을 확인할 수 있었다.