• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.353-358
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate desorption efficiency and storage stability on activated carbon acquired form domestic market. Materials: Mixture of acetone, benzene, normal hexane and toluene was injected on four types of charcoal 100 mg. After overnight, charcoal was desorbed by carbon disulfide $1m{\ell}$ and analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. Results: Desorption efficiency of benzene, normal hexane and toluene in charcoal tubes were 95% ~ 105%. But desorption efficiency of acetone in charcoal tubes was below 75% and different from types of charcoal. The more injected amount of acetone on charcoal showed higher desorption efficiency. Acetone injected on charcoal tubes migrated from front section into back section after 10 days storage at room temperature. Conclusions: Desorption efficiency and storage stability of activated carbon acquired from domestic market was good for benzene, normal hexane and toluene. The activated carbon acquired from domestic market has ability to be used as sampling media.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.213-213
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• 2017

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2012

Carbon dioxide emission trading market would play very important role in the global effort to cope with climate change. In KOREA, the energy consumption and geen house gas emission of various industry would be controlled by the low carbon-green growth law which was established at 2009. The paper industry as one of major industries in terms of energy consumption has been greatly required to prepare action plan for addressing this regulation and reduction of carbon dioxide emission. In this study, the current states of carbon dioxide emission trading market were analyzed in terms of practical responses of the paper industry. And the various action plans including CDM projects for paper industry were suggested.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.530-537
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• 2010

By development of renewable energy and more efficient facilities in an increasingly deregulated electricity market, the operation cost of distributed generation (DG) is becoming more competitive. International environmental regulations of the leaking carbon become effective to reinforce global efforts for a low-carbon paradigm. Through increased DG, operators of DG are able to supply electric power to customers who are connected directly to DG as well as loads that are connected to entire network. In this situation, a community energy system (CES) with DGs is a new participant in the energy market. DG's purchase price from the market is different from the DG's sales price to the market due to transmission service charges and other costs. Therefore, CES who owns DGs has to control the produced electric power per hourly period in order to maximize profit. Considering the international environment regulations, CE will be an important element to decide the marginal cost of generators as well as the classified fuel unit cost and unit's efficiency. This paper introduces the optimal operation of CES's DG connected to the distribution network considering CE. The purpose of optimization is to maximize the profit of CES. A Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) will be used to solve this complicated problem. The optimal operation of DG represented in this paper would guide CES and system operators in determining the decision making criteria.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.287-311
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• 2008

This paper is designed to examine how the global timber market impacted by climate change would affect global warming through the carbon flux of forests. For this purpose, we integrated the modified TSM 2000 and the extended TCM in order to simulate the projection of net carbon release of forests from 1995 to 2085. On the basis of the simulation results under normal demand growth scenario, we identified that the global timber market impacted by climate change ameliorates the atmospheric carbon about 3.60% of carbon dioxide concentration in 1990 over 90 years. This implies that the global timber market impacted by climate change has a negative feedback effect on global warming over 90 years. For sensitivity analysis, we performed these simulation procedure under high demand growth scenario and very high demand growth scenario.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

OBJECTIVES : Currently, the market for carbon emissions trading has been increasing. In Korea, it is known that traffic mode rate in bike transportation is low. However, if bike transportation system is encouraged and the traffic mode rate is increased, it would be possible to reduce carbon emissions through the trading market. In this study, a practical policy to activate the bike transportation system in Korea will be proposed and verified. METHODS : Past studies regarding bike transportation system in international and domestic metropolitan cities were analyzed. Moreover, detailed reviews on recent carbon emissions trading market were performed. In particular, SWOT analysis on the bike transportation system in Korea and policy topology analysis were conducted. RESULTS : Based on the literature reviews and SWOT analysis, a new bike transportation policy was proposed. Several actual plans to adopt in Korea were proposed. In addition, a new bike transportation policy was analyzed using policy typology model, and a business model related to the cost of implementing the system and CERs were also proposed. CONCLUSIONS : It is concluded that the proposed bike transportation activation policy and several practical plans to connect CERs and a business model including bus, subway, T-money and bike riders to give some incentive were effective and reasonable. It is desired that this study will help Korea to get CERs through bike transportation activation in the future.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

Hydrogen is emerging as an essential material for carbon neutrality. In particular, Korea needs 22.9 million tons of imported clean hydrogen by 2050 to achieve carbon neutrality. However, a large amount of carbon is emitted during the import process, and market regulations are being discussed. This research estimates the carbon emissions of importing green hydrogen from Vietnam, Australia, and the United Arab Emirates to Korea, and calculates imported green hydrogen prices under carbon emission market regulations.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.46
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• pp.265-313
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• 2010

Kyoto Protocol is an international convention on concrete performance program for UNFCCC(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), which regulate and prevent to global warming and officially came into effect on February 16, 2005. Kyoto flexible mechanisms, the agreed environmental system in March 1997 in the Third Conference of Parties in UNFCCC General Assembly, Emission Trading System(ETS), Clean Development Mechanism(CDM) and Joint Implementation(JI), are key policies related to environment. In advanced countries, greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced average 5.2% level compared to 1990 in total emissions during 2008-2012. World leading carbon market finished the trial on the EU ETS I greenhouse gas emissions trading system, EU ETS II is operated regularly after 2008. World Bank leads to make 'Prototype Carbon Fund(PCF)' in April 2004, which is the world first carbon fund and a representative public carbon fund type, World Bank operate various funds including present PCF. Thus, I would like to propose as follows in relation to this study: First, in the validity analysis of carbon funds, it would be needed to analyze the Emission Reduction Cost Efficiency(ERCE) of carbon. The ERCE is a break-even value which brings the Net Present Value(NPV) to zero. NPV approach is used among projects and it enables potential projects to be compared and evaluated the ERCE on the basis of the net present value of net future cash flows. Therefore, according to results of analysis, carbon funds should be developed and invested. Second, it would be necessary to allow of issuing bonds together with carbon funds, carbon finance etc. Third, carbon funds, it would be reasonable to have a relatively enough maturity in project and as a financial derivatives in the international financial markets, it is needed various types of transactions. Fourth, it would be needed to standardize the carbon emissions trading for more efficiently. Fifth, it would be necessary to establish and invest in various kinds of domestic and overseas global carbon funds, including governments, privates, governments and privates sectors. And it is also needed to establish the medium and long term plans for carbon funds. Sixth, it would be needed to foster the advanced trade mechanisms for carbon funds in the most effective ways. Finally, carbon funds should be used in harmony with international societies to reduce global warming as the social responsible investing funds and it should be contribute to sustainable development. In addition, it would seem that carbon funds should be studied on establishing the contributable standard of sustainable development in the future assignment.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.89-101
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• 1992

This paper is concerned with analysis for market trend and technological tendency of rubber-use black among United state, Japan and Korea, Through this comparative analysis, the subjects with which domestic carbon black industry is confronted are : first, development of new grade carbon black such as high performance carbon black, Low rolling resistance carbon black and lower grit carbon black, Second, reduction of quality fluctuation, third, improvement of applied technology and fourth, strengthening the price competitiveness through process optimization and productivity increase.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.519-542
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• 2012

In this paper, we empirically analyzed whether carbon leakage really happened in EU by comparing before and after the period of EU ETS. We regarded foreign direct investment outflows as indicator of carbon leakage and analyzed panel regression between production cost including environment cost and this FDI variable. Also we consider foreign market potential to analyze market oriented FDI. According to this analysis, carbon leakage was observed in some models for manufacturing industry. However carbon leakage did not prove consistently in a variety of models and it is hard to speak carbon leakage was happened in EU ETS. Notwithstanding relatively short time series of data, in the view of the fact that carbon leakage was tested in some models, Korea also should keep in mind the possibility of carbon leakage and design emission trading scheme.