• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.271-278
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• 1999

We isolated activnmycetes LAM-98-80 as strain producing an effective antibiotic for cephalosporin re-sistant pathogenic PSeudomonas sp. and identified as Streptomyces sp. LAM-98-80 from cultural and phyisological characteristics. We investigated the optimal culture conditions for producation of an anti-biotic becoming effective for cephalsporin-resistant pathogenic Pseudomonas sp. It was found that 1.5% soluble starch and 1.0% yeast extract were good as carbon and nitrogen source respectively. The pro-duction of antibiotic was also activated by 0.04% Mn2+ as 80% degree. The optimum initial pH on pro-ductio of antibiotic was pH 7.0. The culture condition for the maximal productivity of the antibiotic was at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 5 days. The cephalosporin-resistant pathogenic Pseudomonas sp. as test bacteria was rev-ealed to resist antibiotic of cepha families but revealed to not resist those of $\beta$-lactam families ampicil-lin and amoxicillin. Parital purified antibiotic was stable for the pH from 3 to 9 and was also stable when treated at 70 $^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, This antbiotic was effective against all gram positive and negative bac-teria but was not effective against molds and yeasts.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1977

A bacterium strain (K-173-10) which was isolated from waste soil of Korea brewing factory, could be grown on acetate as the sole carbon source and accumulated a considerable amount of L-glutamic acid in the medium. This strain was identified as the new species Brevibacterium ammoniagenes. This study was concerned not only with the culture condition for the production of L-glutamic acid and the cell growth, but also with the effects on concentration of various kind of organic substances, growth factors and penicillin. The results obtained were summarized as follow; 1. It was found that the concentrations of acetate and ammonium ions affected the growth of the bacterium as well as its L-glutamate accumulation. The optimum conditions of the composition of grown media for the growth of the bacterium and its glutamic acid production was found to be 40 g/l of total acetate, $100\;{\mu}g/l$ thiamine, $0.5\;{\mu}g/l$ biotin and $1{\sim}2g/l$ corn steep liquor as the growth factors. 2. Organic acid such as succinic acid, malic acid and ${\alpha}-ketoglutaric$ acid inhibited the cell growth as well as its L-glutamic acid production. 3. The penicillin (20 units/ml) stimulated the production of glutamic acid at appropriate incubation period. 4. It was found that this strain could grow in the presence of urea and ammonium acetate but not in other nitrogen sources.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.207-210
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• 2000

Pseudomonas oleovorans was cultivated to produce medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (MCL-PHA) fram octanoic acid and ammonium nitrate as carbon and nitrogen source, respectively, by a pH-stat fed-batch culture technique. The octanoate concentration of the culture broth was maintained below 4 g/L by feeding the mixture of octanoic acid and ammonium nitrate when the culture pH rose above high limit. The effect of the ratio of octanoic acid to ammonium nitrate (C/N ratio) in the feed on the PHA production was examined. The final cell concentrations of 62.5, 54.7, and 9.5 g/L, PHA contents of 62.9, 75.1, and 67.6% of dry cell weight, and productivities of 1.03, 0.632, and 0.161 g/L/h were obtained when the C/N ratio in the feed were 10, 20, and 100 g octanoic acid/g ammonium nitrate, respectively.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.341-348
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• 2000

Selection of high producer strain, optimization of production medium and cultivation in bioreactor system were carried out in order to produce an antifungal substance, PAFS in large amounts which sources and 41 kinds of nitrogen sources, a synthetic medium consisting of fructose(70 g/1) and ammonium sulfate (10g/l) and a complex medium including galactose(30g/l), fructose(20g/l) and cottonseed flour(35g/l) were determined as opti-mized media for PAFS production. In bioreactor studies examining physiological characteristics of the pro- ducer microorganism with the complex medium, typical pattern of diauxic growth was observed as demonstrated by the result that fructose was not used before almost exhaustion on readily utilizable carbon source, galactose. When galactose was supplemented additionally during the fermentation period. PAFS pro-ductivity did no increases any more, indicating that large portion of the added galactose was used for cell growth instead of biosynthesis of the secondary metabolite. It was deduced that PAFS production could be enhananced by employing fed-batch operation in order to overcome the apparent phenomenon of catabolite repression and /or inhibition.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.477-483
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• 1999

For Trametes sp. CJ-105, a kind of white-rot fungi which was collected from the mountain of Korea and was proven to be effective in decolorizing a wide range of structurally different synthetic dyes, the optimum conditions for mycelial growth and laccase(E.C. 1.10.3.2) production were investigated. Among various carbon sources, glucose showed the highest potential for the mycelial growth and laccase production, the optimum concentration being 2% glucose. For the nitrogen source, asparagine was good for the mycelial growth, while ammonium tartrate for laccase production(optimum concentration: 0.04%). The addition of thiamine and biotin increased both th emycelial growth and laccase production. When 2,5-xylidine was added as an inducer after the first day of culture, the production of alccase was seven-times higher than that in the absence of the inducer. The optimum pH and temperature conditions for laccase production by Trametes sp. CJ-105 were pH 5.0 and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. In the 5L fermentation, the production of laccase reached a maximum of 340U/ml at the time when the ammonium ion was being rapidly depleted.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.738-748
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• 2005

Considering pollution source is transferred by discharge, it is very important to analyze the correlation between discharge and water quality. And temperature also influent to the water quality. In this paper, it is used water quality data that was measured DO (Dissolved Oxygen), TOC (Total Organic Carbon), TN (Total Nitrogen), TP (Total Phosphorus) at Dalchun real time monitoring stations in Namhan river. These characteristics were analyzed with the water quality of rainy and nonrainy periods. Input data of the water quality forecasting models that they were constructed by neural network and neuro-fuzzy was chosen as the reasonable data, and water quality forecasting models were applied. LMNN (Levenberg-Marquardt Neural Network), MDNN (MoDular Neural Network), and ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) models have achieved the highest overall accuracy of TOC data. LMNN and MDNN model which are applied for DO, TN, TP forecasting shows better results than ANFIS. MDNN model shows the lowest estimation error when using daily time, which is qualitative data trained with quantitative data. If some data has periodical properties, it seems effective using qualitative data to forecast.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.134-140
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• 1994

An antagonistic bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1 liberated extracellular chitinase and $\beta$-1,3-glucanase which are key enzymes in the decomposition of fungal hyphal walls. The lytic enzymes caused abnormal swelling and retreating at the hyphal tips of plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium solani in a dual culture. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the hyphal degradation of F. solani in the regions interacting with P. stutzeri YPL-1. The production of chitinase and properties of a crude preparation of the enzyme from P. stutzeri YPL-1 were investigated. Peak of the chitinase activity was detected after 4 hr of cultivation. The enzyme had optimum temperature and pH of 50$^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.3, respectively. The enzyme was stable in the pH range of 3.5 to 6.0 up to 50$^{\circ}C$. The enzyme was significantly inhibited by metal compounds such as $HgCl_2$, but was stimulated by $CoCl_2$. P. stutzeri YPL-1 produced high levels of the enzyme after 84 hr of incubation. Among the tested carbon sources, chitin was the most effective for the enzyme production, at the concentration level of 3%. As a source of nitrogen, peptone was the best for the enzyme production, at the concentration level of 4%. The maximum amount of enzyme was produced by cultivating the bacterium at a medium of initial pH 6.8.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1261-1270
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• 2009

Fifty hydrocarbon-metabolizing microorganisms were isolated from soil samples polluted by the petroleum oils in Gamman-dong, Busan. Among them, strain 2-3A, showing strong emulsification activity, was selected by oil film-collapsing method. This bacterium was identified as Acinetobacter sp. and designated as Acinetobacter sp. 2-3A. The optimum temperature and pH on the growth of Acinetobacter sp. 2-3A were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, respectively. The carbon and nitrogen sources for the most effective emulsification activity were 3.0% olive oil and 0.5% peptone, respectively. The 0.15% potassium phosphate was the most effective emulsification activity as a phosphate source. The optimum emulsification activity condition was $20^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0, and 2.0% NaCl. The optimum time for the best production of biosurfactant was 27 hrs. The emulsification stability was maintained at the temperature range from $4^{\circ}C$ to $100^{\circ}C$, pH range from 6.0 to 10.0, and NaCl range from 0% to 10%. For the oil resolvability of the biosurfactant, the residual oils were investigated by gas chromatography. As a result, it was verified that the biosurfactant decreased and decomposed crude oils from $_nC_{10}$ to $_nC_{32}$.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 1999

An artificial symbiosis was established between diazotropic Azomonas insignis and strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa). The partnership was created by in vitro techniques through callus induction and organogenesis. The basis of this partnerships is the bacterial dependence on the plants metabolic activity, using maltose in the medium as a carbon and energy source which can be utilized by the plant cells only. The presence of bacteria in the intercellular spaces of the callus tissues and regenerated plants was proven by microscopic techniques. Nitrogenase activity could also be detected in the plant tissues. For successful and high frequency introduction of bacteria to the plant tissues, biolistic gun method was used. On the basis of the DNA transfer method, Azotobacter vinelandii bacteria were delivered directly into strawberry tissues by the particle bombardment. This was the first use of living bacteria as microprojectils for bombardment of plant tissues. The treatment was successful, the presence of bacteria in the developing callus tissue and regenerated plants were detected by light and electron microscopy.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.111-114
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• 1995

To produce ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA) by cell cultures of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, we optimized medium compositions including carbon sources, nitrogen sources and growth regulators. MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2, 4-D was effective for callus induction from mesophyll tissue. Addition of sucrose at 88mM concentration induced active proliferation of suspension cells and increased GLA content. Increased supplement of potassium nitrate as nitrogen source resulted in proliferous cell growth and increased total fatty acid content Abscisic acid increased cell growth and fatty acid content in callus culture, whereas as it had an inhibitory effect in suspension cell culture.