• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.43-55
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• 2023

The railway project is an essential green transportation tool that is considered suitable for the domestic and foreign policy direction of carbon neutrality, but there are some limitations, such as damaging important carbon absorption sources during construction. This study analyzed the environmental impact assessment related to carbon absorption sources of greenhouse gas evaluation items conducted during the railway project, and limitations and implications were derived. The analysis of environmental impact assessment guidelines related to railway projects and carbon absorption sources dealt with prediction and reduction methods related to carbon absorption sources, but guidelines, including environmentally friendly railway construction guidelines, lacked descriptions. Since the greenhouse gas environmental impact assessment, 83 railway project environmental impact assessments have been reviewed, but in some cases, carbon absorption-related predictions have not been implemented, or carbon absorption-related reduction measures have been insufficient. In addition, there were cases where there was a limit to calculating emissions and reduction or where the reduction value was insignificant compared to emissions. In order to supplement the environmental impact assessment in the field of carbon absorption sources related to railway construction projects, alternatives such as quantitative emission and low reduction calculation, review of the no net loss system using the total environmental resource system, and linkage with climate change impact assessment are needed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.647-657
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• 2023

The study analyzes the forest status of each local government for Korean forests and believes that it can be used as basic data for setting the direction pursued by each local government. The study took into account the fact that the forest rate in Korea was 63.5%, because it was judged that the higher the proportion of forest area, the more important it was to use the characteristics of forests. The characteristics of forests were analyzed based on four factors in 12 factors to identify the location of the ground body by dividing seven types. In addition, basic information on carbon absorption sources was provided by grasping the ability of carbon absorption sources per year through the amount of forest resources to be analyzed. In addition, as a result of analyzing the characteristics of the weather for the promotion of carbon absorption sources, the flat area on the side of Gangneung Mountain was a warm forest with a warm index of 106.0.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.745-750
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• 2003

Zoogloea ramigera produces an extracellular polysaccharide called zooglan, which adsorbs heavy metals. In the current study, Zoogloea ramigera was cultured in media containing various carbon sources. When different carbon sources were included in the cultivation medium, there was a change in the composition of zooglan that is mainly composed of glucose, galactose, and pyruvic acid. The various zooglan compositions were analyzed by HPLC, and changes in the heavy metal (lead (II) and cadmium) adsorption characteristics relative to a change in the composition were examined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. A high adsorption capacity was observed at a pH higher than 3.0. The adsorption of metal ions was the highest at $35^{\circ}C$, and a higher adsorption was obtained with a lower flow rate. Changes in the zooglan composition did result in changes in the heavy metal adsorption characteristics. Furthermore, it was also found that the pyruvic acid content was more important than the glucose or galactose content for heavy metal adsorption.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2010

We used activated carbon (AC), activated carbon fiber (ACF) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as carbon sources and titanium n-butoxide as titanium source to prepare carbon-$TiO_2$ composites. For characterization their properties, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) were used. And the photoactivity of the carbon-$TiO_2$ composites, under UV irradiation, was tested using the fixed concentration of methylene blue (MB, $C_{16}H_{18}N_3S{\cdot}Cl{\cdot}3H_2O$) in aqueous solution. After UV irradiation for a certain time, the concentration of MB solution was determined by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.1-16
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• 2009

Japan is one of the major forest-rich countries in the world with two thirds of its national territory covered with forests. The various functions of forests, including the prevention of global warming, conservation of national land, recharging of water resources, and maintenance of biotic diversity, play an important role in our safe, secure, and comfortable living. With the increasing national expectations on the role of forests to contribute to the prevention of global warming and "Accelerating forest carbon-sink measures to achieve Kyoto Protocol Commitment", it is necessary to make efforts toward a large-scale forest regeneration in order to secure an absorption of 13 million carbon tons through forest carbon sink for the achievement of the target of six percent reduction under the Kyoto Protocol. Most importantly, however, is to accelerate the measures for forests as absorption sources, including thinning and other forestry management activities. However, there is a situation, among others, where thinning is not implemented properly due to the decreased willingness of forest owners to manage forests, because of the long-term low demand for domestic lumber and lumber prices. In addition, forestry workers are aging and decreasing in number. Thus, the circumstances surrounding forestry are severe. It is necessary for the protection of our precious forests to make efforts to create and maintain forests with activities that involve citizens such as the "National Movement for Utsukushii Mori Zukuri(Fostering Beautiful Forests)".

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.335-345
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• 2023

In Korea, as part of the Green New Deal project toward a carbon-neutral society, it is necessary to build a climate-resilient urban environment to green the city, space, and living infrastructure. To this end, SWMM-ING was improved and the model was modified to analyze the carbon reduction effect. In addition, I plan to select target watersheds where urbanization is rapidly progressing and evaluate runoff, non-point pollution, and carbon reduction effects to conduct cost estimation and optimal design review for domestic rainwater circulation green infrastructure. In this study, green infrastructure facilities were selected using SWMM-ING. Various scenarios were presented considering the surface area and annual cost of each green infrastructure facility, and The results show that the scenario derived through the APL2 method was selected as the optimal scenario. In this optimal scenario, a total facility area of 190,517.5 m² was applied to 7 out of 30 subwatersheds to achieve the target reduction. The target reduction amount was calculated a 23.50 % reduction in runoff and a 26.99 % reduction in pollutant load. Additionally, the annual carbon absorption was analyzed and found to be 385,521 kg/year. I aim to achieve additional carbon reduction effects by achieving the goal of reducing runoff and non-point pollution sources and analyzing annual carbon absorption. Moreover, considering the scale-up of these interventions across the basin, it is believed that an objective assessment of economic viability can be conducted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.27-35
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• 2004

Diode laser absorption sensors are advantageous because they may provide fast, sensitive, absolute, and selective measurements of species concentration. These systems are very attractive for practical applications owing to its compactness, resonable cost, robustness, and ease of use. In addition, diode lasers are fiber-optic compatible and thus enable simultaneous measurements of multiple species along a line-of-sight. Recent advances of room-temperature, near-IR and visible diode laser sources for telecommunication, optical data storage applications make it possible to be applied for combustion diagnostics based on diode laser absorption spectroscopy. Therefore, combined with fiber-optics and high sensitive detection strategies, compact and portable sensor systems are now appearing for variety of applications. The objectives of this research are to develope a new gas sensing system and to verify feasibility of this system. Wavelength and power characteristics as a function of injection current and temperature are experimentally found out. Direct absorption spectroscopy has been demonstrated in these experiments and has a bright prospect to this diode laser system.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.344-350
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• 2010

The improved photocatalytic performance of a carbon/$TiO_2$ composite was studied for the Bisphenol A (BPA) decomposition. Titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) and a rice husk from Korea were heterogeneously mixed as the titanium and carbon sources, respectively, for 3 h at room temperature, and then thermally treated at $600^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in $H_2$ gas. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that the bulk carbon partially covered the $TiO_2$ particles, and the amount that was covered increased with the addition of the rice husk. The acquired carbon/$TiO_2$ composite exhibited an anatase structure and a novel peak at $2{\theta}=32^{\circ}$, which was assigned to bulk carbon. The specific surface area was significantly enhanced to 123~164 $m^2/g$ in the carbon/$TiO_2$ composite, compared to $32.43m^2/g$ for the pure $TiO_2$. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that the Ti-O bond was weaker in the carbon/$TiO_2$ composite than in the pure $TiO_2$, resulting in an easier electron transition from the Ti valence band to the conduction band. The carbon/$TiO_2$ composite absorbed over the whole UV-visible range, whereas the absorption band in the pure$TiO_2$ was only observed in the UV range. These results agreed well with an electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) study that showed that the electrons were rapidly transferred to the surface of the carbon/$TiO_2$ composite compared to the pure $TiO_2$. The photocatalytic performance of the BPA removal was optimized at a Ti:C ratio of 9.5:0.5, and this photocatalytic composite completely decomposed 10.0 ppm BPA after 210 min, whereas the pure $TiO_2$ achieved no more than 50% decomposition under any conditions.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2012

This study intends to evaluate the seasonal flow direction of carbon dioxide in Northeast Asia by using GOSAT, the first Greenhouse Observing SATellite, in an attempt to overcome costly, laborious and time consuming ground observation which has been frequently pointed out in existing studies. For this purpose, missing values were supplemented by applying the Kriging interpolation and the overall flow direction of carbon dioxide was determined through anisotoropy semi-variogram. As a result, it was found that the overall spatial distribution of carbon dioxide in Northeast Asia varies depending on the latitude, and that carbon dioxide mainly flows southeast or east in spring, autumn and winter, but northeast or north in summer. Similar to the flow of monsoons in Northeast Asia, these results show that carbon dioxide flows mainly from the west to the east, which proves that carbon dioxide discharged from China is influencing even the Korean Peninsula and Japan. However, as the flow of carbon dioxide varies depending on a variety of factors such as artificial sources, plant respiration, and the absorption and discharge of the ocean, follow-up studies are requested to evaluate such variables and the correlations.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.636-644
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• 2006

Recently, there were some successful examples that the laser welding was introduced into production line. However, the spread of laser welding is not sufficient in many industries. There are several reasons why it is difficult to penetrate the laser welding into production lines. Because it is different from reflection, absorption and permeation of laser beam according to material and surface condition. Moreover, there are significant problems in processing such as absorption and scattering of beam by the induced plasma or plume. Therefore, understanding of mechanism on formation of weld defect in laser welding of the laminated core for motor is very important. In this paper, it was analyzed in terms of materials which was source of defect in laser welding and conventional arc welding. As a results of analysis, insulation coating film of the laminated core was judged to main factor of weld defect. it could be well aware as tracing carbon volume, and it was deduced that weld defect by insulation coating film was caused by difference of mechanism between the two heat sources.