• 열처리공학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2015

Friction stir processing (FSP) was applied to fabricate AZ31/CNT (Carbon Nano Tube) surface composite for improvement of surface hardness of AZ31 Mg-based alloy. The effects of traverse speed of rotating tool and volume fraction of CNT (i.e., groove depth of 3 mm and 4 mm) on the soundness and hardness of the composite layer were investigated. Multi-walled CNTs were fully filled in a machined groove and stirring tool was rotated at the speed of 1400 rpm. Only under the tool traverse speed of 25 mm/min for the specimen with a groove depth of 3 mm, surface composite layer with no defect was successfully produced. Increased hardness of about 35% was observed in the composite layer.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2020

Electrical energy is used for heating and cooling because electric cars do not have engines and cooling water. The downside is that when the heating and cooling system is applied to electric vehicles, about 40 percent of the energy is spent on heating and cooling, which is less efficient in winter. This has increased demand for electric vehicle battery efficiency. In this study, the condensation and dispersion of carbon nanotubes were controlled, and carbon fibers and composite slurry were manufactured without binders to manufacture paper. Manufactured by content showed the highest heat generation characteristic at 143℃ with a carbon fiber content ratio of 20wt% and confirmed that the heat temperature rises with increasing pressure. The plane heaters made through this study can be applied to a variety of products other than electric vehicles because they can be simplified by process and high temperature.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.39-60
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• 2021

The present paper is concerned with the study of nonlinear ultrasonic waves in a magneto thermo (MT) elastic armchair single-walled carbon nanotube (ASWCNT) resting on polymer matrix. The analytical formulation is developed based on Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory to account small scale effect. After developing the formal solution of the mathematical model consisting of partial differential equations, the frequency equations have been analyzed numerically by using the nonlinear foundations supported by Winkler-Pasternak model. The solution is obtained by ultrasonic wave dispersion relations. Parametric work is carried out to scrutinize the influence of the non local scaling, magneto-mechanical loadings, foundation parameters, various boundary condition and length on the dimensionless frequency of nanotube. It is noticed that the boundary conditions, nonlocal parameter, and tube geometrical parameters have significant effects on dimensionless frequency of nano tubes. The results presented in this study can provide mechanism for the study and design of the nano devices like component of nano oscillators, micro wave absorbing, nano-electron technology and nano-electro- magneto-mechanical systems (NEMMS) that make use of the wave propagation properties of armchair single-walled carbon nanotubes embedded on polymer matrix.

• Composites Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 유리섬유 강화 복합재 적층판으로 이루어진 단일층 Dallenbach layer의 전파흡수체의 최적화 기법을 제시하고 그 성능을 분석하였다. 복합재 적층판의 전기적 특성을 제어하기 위해서 탄소나노튜브(CNT)를 혼합한 프리프레그를 사용하였다. 최적화 설계 기법은 유전자 알고리즘을 사용하였으며, 이를 이용하여 다양한 주파수에서 흡수체를 설계하고, 복합재의 두께 및 CNT 함유율을 최적화하였다. CNT 함유율의 최적화를 위해서는 복합재의 복소 유전율의 수치적 모델이 사용되었다. 전파흡수체의 최적설계에서 주파수에 따라서 CNT 함유율은 비례하여 증가하고, 흡수체의 두께는 반비례하여 감소한다. 흡수체의 -10 dB 흡수대역폭은 흡수체가 설계된 중심주파수에 비례하여 증가한다. 설계된 흡수체의 검증을 위해서 10 GHz에서 중심주파수를 갖는 흡수제를 제조하고 그 성능을 평가하였다. 복합재 적층판의 복소 유전율과 전파흡수체의 반사손실은 벡터회로망분석기와 7 mm 동축관을 이용하여 측정하였다. 복합재의 두께와 복소 유전율에 있어서의 측정된 값과 예측치의 차이에 의해서 중심주파수의 이동, 중심주파수에서의 반사손실의 감쇄, 흡수대역폭의 감소가 발생하였다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.330-338
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• 2021

An integral electrode-bipolar plate assembly, which is composed of electrode, conductive adhesive film (CAF) and bipolar plate, has been developed and evaluated for application with a vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) to decrease contact resistance between electrode and bipolar plate. The CAF, made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl-acetate) material with carbon black or CNT (Carbon Nano Tube), is applied between the electrode and the bipolar plate to enable an integral assembly by adhesion. In order to evaluate the integral assembly of VRB by adhesive film, the resistivity of integral assembly and the performance of single cell were investigated. Thus, it was verified that the integral assembly is applicable to redox flow battery. Through resistance and contact resistance of bare EVA and CAF films on bipolar plate were changed. Among the adhesive films, CAF film coated with carbon black showed the lowest value in through resistance, and CAF film coated with CNT showed the lowest value in contact resistance, respectively. The efficiency of VRB single cell was improved by applying CAF films coated with carbon black and CNT, resulting in the reduced overvoltage in charging process. Therefore, the energy efficiency of both CAF films, about 84%, were improved than that of blank cell, about 79.5 % under current density at 40 mA cm^-2. The energy efficiency of the two cells were similar, but carbon black coated CAF improved the coulomb efficiency and CNT coated CAF improved the voltage efficiency, respectively.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 탄소를 첨가하여 $Li_3V_2(PO_4){_3}$의 낮은 전기전도도를 개선시켜서 고율 방전특성, 충 방전 사이클 특성을 향상시키는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 탄소 첨가제로는 글루코스와 CNT (carbon nano tube)를 사용하였으며, 탄소의 첨가 여부와 탄소 원료의 종류에 따라 합성된 $Li_3V_2(PO_4){_3}$의 구조적 그리고 전기화학적 특성에 대해 연구를 하였다. $Li_3V_2(PO_4){_3}$와 $Li_3V_2(PO_4){_3}$/C의 $Li_3V_2(PO_4){_3}$/CNT의 합성방법으로는 고상법을 이용하였다. 합성된 물질을 수소환원방법을 통하여 600, 700, 800, $900^{\circ}C$에서 소성해주었다. 합성된 물질로 양극 집전판을 제작하여 상대전극을 리튬메탈로 한 Coin 2032 cell을 만들어 전기화학적 특성분석을 진행하였다. 전지테스트는 정전류법을 이용하여 3.0~4.8 V까지 충 방전 실험을 하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1059-1064
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• 2003

This paper presents an overview of the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes. The characteristics of carbon nanotubes were briefly introduced. We then present briefly the experimental techniques used to measure mechanical properties and the results obtained by other researchers. A carbon nanotube is too small to be pulled apart with standard tension devices. Manipulators should be used for mechanical testing. We introduced manipulation methods using nanomanipulators under field-emission scanning-electron microscope.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2015

This paper presents design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of a high voltage power supply for Carbon Nano Tube-based planar light sources. The proposed power supply employs an LLC resonant half-bridge converter and a sixfold voltage-multiplying rectifier. Steady-state characteristics of the voltage-multiplying rectifier are analyzed and used to derive the input-to-output voltage conversion ratio of the power supply. The input-to-output frequency response characteristics of the LLC tank circuit are analyzed and utilized in designing a proto-type power supply which produces a 15 KV output using a 400 V input source. The high-voltage transformer is fabricated using a sectional bobbin structure with an epoxy impregnation, in order to provide sufficient insulation for high voltage operations. The performance of the proposed power supply is confirmed with stable and reliable operations at the 15 KV output from no load to nominal load conditions. The proposed power supply is well suited as an electric ballast required stable operations of Carbon Nano Tube-based planar light sources.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.668-672
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• 2014

Carbon nanotubes(CNT) has chemical stability and great sensitivity characteristics. In particular, the gas sensor required characteristics such as rapid, selectivity and sensitivity sensor. Therefore, CNT are ideal materials to gas sensor. So, we fabricated the NOx gas sensors of MOS-FET type using the MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotube). The fabricated sensor was used to detect the NOx gas for the variation of $V_{gs}$(gate-source voltage) and electrode changed electrode spacing=30, 60, 90[${\mu}m$]. The gas sensor absorbed with the NOx gas molecules showed the decrease of resistance, and the sensitivity of sensor was increased by magnification of electrode spacing. Furthermore, when the voltage($V_{gs}$) was applied to the gas sensor, the decrease in resistance was increased. On the other hand, the sensor sensitivity for the injection of NOx gas was the highest value at the electrode spacing $90[{\mu}m]$. We also obtained the adsorption energy($U_a$) using the Arrhenius plots by the reduction of resistance due to the voltage variations. As a result, we obtained that the adsorption energy was increased with the increment of the applied voltages.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.217-220
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• 2009

This paper presents fabrication method of nano-structured PMMA substrates as well as evaluations of their optical transmittance. For anti-reflective surface, surface coating method had been conventionally used. However, it requires high cost, complicated process and post-processing times. In this study, we suggested the fabrication method of anti-reflective surface by the hot embossing process. Using the nano patterned master fabricated by anodic aluminum oxidation process. Anodic aluminum oxide(AAO) is widely used as templates or a molds for various applications such as carbon nano tube (CNT), nano rod and nano dots. Anodic aluminum oxidation process provides highly ordered regular nano-structures on the large area, while conventional pattering methods such as E-beam and FIB can fabricate arbitrary nano-structures on small area. We fabricated a porous alumina hole array with various inter-pore distance and pore diameter. In order to replicate nano-structures using alumina nano hole array patterns, we have carried out hot-embossing process with PMMA substrates. Finally the nano-structured PMMA substrates were fabricated and their optical transmittances were measured in order to evaluate the charateristivs of anti-reflection. Anti-reflective structure can be applied to various displays and automobile components.