• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

The small bowel is the most difficult intestinal segment to examine. Radiologic tests are mostly insensitive and double-balloon enteroscopy is unsuitable for the younger child. Capsule endoscopy is a novel wireless method of investigation of the small bowel. The primary indications for capsule endoscopy include evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, small bowel Crohn's disease, and polyposis syndromes. Capsule endoscopy offers an accurate and effective means of investigating the small bowel in children. Capsule retention is a potential complication of capsule endoscopy. This review provides the indications, safety, and limitations of wireless capsule endoscopy in children.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.570-575
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• 2018

Background/Aims: Capsule endoscopy is a diagnostic method for evaluating the small bowel lumen and can detect undiagnosed lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield and clinical impact of capsule endoscopy in patients with refractory diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and functional abdominal pain. Methods: This study involved a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, maintained in a database. Patients with refractory diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and functional abdominal pain within the period of March 2012 to March 2014 were included. Capsule endoscopy was used to detect small bowel pathologies in both groups. Results: Sixty-five patients (53.8% female) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and had a mean (${\pm}$standard deviation) age of $50.9{\pm}15.9$ years. Clinically significant lesions were detected via capsule endoscopy in 32.5% of the patients in the abdominal pain group and 54.5% of the patients in the diarrhea group. Overall, 48% of patients had small bowel pathologies detected during the capsule endoscopy study. Inflammatory lesions and villous atrophy were the most frequent lesions identified in 16.9% and 15.3% of patients in the abdominal pain and the diarrhea groups, respectively. Conclusions: Routine use of capsule endoscopy in patients with irritable bowel syndrome should not be recommended. However, in patients with refractory conditions, capsule endoscopy may identify abnormalities.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제6권10호
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• pp.493-498
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• 2017

캡슐내시경 검사는 일반적인 내시경의 접근이 어려운 소장을 관찰하는 데 특화되어 있다. 캡슐내시경 검사를 통한 진단 과정은 크게 적응증 판단, 내시경 검사, 진단의 세 단계로 이루어진다. 이 때, 진단을 위해 필요한 핵심 의료 정보로는 적응증, 병변, 질환 정보가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 핵심 정보를 의미적 특징 정보, 이를 추출하는 과정을 의미 기반 분석이라 정의한다. 이와 같은 의미 기반 분석은 내시경 검사 전 과정에 걸쳐 수행된다. 먼저 캡슐내시경 검사에 앞서 환자의 증상을 확인하여 예상 질병 정보를 획득한다. 다음, 획득한 정보를 기반으로 캡슐내시경 검사를 실시한 후 발견된 병변의 위치와 진단을 위한 조직, 혈관, 산도와 같은 보조 정보들을 활용하여 최종 진단을 내린다. 이때, 예상 질병을 확인하기 위한 증상과 질병 간의 연관성이나 병변의 위치로부터 확인해야할 보조 정보 간의 해부학적 연관성이 고려되어야 한다. 그러나 기존의 내시경 관련 의료 정보 표준과 같은 지식 모델은 단순히 내시경 검사와 관련된 용어들이 나열된 형태로 의미적 연관성이 고려되지 않는다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 캡슐내시경 검사의 진단 보조를 위한 의미적 연관성 기반의 지식 모델을 제안한다. 제안하는 모델은 캡슐내시경 검사의 주요 대상 기관인 소장에 특화된 질병 모델과 해부학 모델로, 캡슐내시경 검사를 위한 효과적인 의료 정보 제공을 가능케 한다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2006

Small bowel tumors have been difficult to diagnose because of low incidence and absence of specific symptoms. There are no efficient and accurate tests available for diagnosis. Capsule endoscopy is an efficient diagnostic tool for small bowel disease and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. We diagnosed two cases of small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) diagnosed by capsule endoscopy that were treated by surgery. A 68 year old male presented with abdominal pain. The capsule endoscopy showed fungating ulcer mass at the jejunum. A 55 year female presented with melena. The capsule endoscopy showed an intraluminal protruding mass with a superficial ulcer at the jejunum. Two cases were diagnosed with GIST after surgery. We report these two case diagnosed by capsule endoscopy and review the medical literature.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.547-551
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• 2018

Unlike wired endoscopy, capsule endoscopy requires additional time for a clinical specialist to review the operation and examine the lesions. To reduce the tedious review time and increase the accuracy of medical examinations, various approaches have been reported based on artificial intelligence for computer-aided diagnosis. Recently, deep learning-based approaches have been applied to many possible areas, showing greatly improved performance, especially for image-based recognition and classification. By reviewing recent deep learning-based approaches for clinical applications, we present the current status and future direction of artificial intelligence for capsule endoscopy.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 2012

The examination of small bowel in Crohn's disease (CD) is very important. Capsule endoscopy (CE) has been recognized as a good tool for evaluation of small bowel. The capsule placement is achieved endoscopically for Children not to swallow capsule. CE is superior to any other modalities for examination of small-bowel. The large portion of pediatric patients with known CD were found with CE to have more extensive and newly diagnostic small-bowel disease. All of them had therapeutic changes. The most side effect of CE is capsule retention. The capsule retention rate in pediatric CD is about 7.3%. The patency capsule helps to predict the possibility of capsule retention. For the improving of the diagnostic accuracy, the experience of more than 20 readings of CE is needed.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.171-183
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• 2020

Capsule endoscopy is one of the increasingly demanded diagnostic methods among patients in recent years because of its ability to observe small intestine difficulties. It is often conducted for 12 to 14 hours, but significant frames constitute only 10% of whole frames. Thus, it has been designed to automatically acquire significant frames through deep learning. For example, studies to track the position of the capsule (stomach, small intestine, etc.) or to extract lesion-related information (polyps, etc.) have been conducted. However, although grouping or labeling the training images according to similar features can improve the performance of a learning model, various attributes (such as degree of wrinkles, presence of valves, etc.) are not considered in conventional approaches. Therefore, we propose a class-labeling method that can be used to design a learning model by constructing a knowledge model focused on main lesions defined in standard terminologies for capsule endoscopy (minimal standard terminology, capsule endoscopy structured terminology). This method enables the designing of a systematic learning model by labeling detailed classes through differentiation of similar characteristics.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2023

Purpose: The development of assistive devices has allowed for the performance of capsule endoscopy in children. Anticipating the capsule's transit time could affect the efficacy of the investigation and potentially minimize the fasting period. This study determined the predictors of small bowel transit time for small-bowel capsule endoscopy in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods: We retrospectively examined children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease who underwent capsule endoscopy by the age 18 at a Japanese tertiary care children's hospital. Small bowel transit time predictors were analyzed using multiple regression with explanatory variables. Results: Overall, 92 patients, aged 1-17 years, with inflammatory bowel disease (63 Crohn's disease and 29 ulcerative colitis cases) were examined for factors affecting small bowel transit time. In the simple regression analysis, diagnosis, age, height, weight, serum albumin, general anesthesia, and small intestine lesions were significantly associated with small bowel transit time. In the multiple regression analyses, serum albumin (partial regression coefficient: -58.9, p=0.008), general anesthesia (partial regression coefficient: 127, p<0.001), and small intestine lesions (partial regression coefficient: 30.1, p=0.037) showed significant associations with small bowel transit time. Conclusion: Hypoalbuminemia, the use of general anesthesia for endoscopic delivery of the capsule, and small intestine lesions appeared to be predictors of prolonged small bowel transit time in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. Expecting the finishing time may improve examination with a fasting period reduction, which benefits both patients and caregivers.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.338-344
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• 2021

The recently continuous enhancement and development in the biomedical side for the betterment of human life. The Wireless Body Area Networks is a significant tool for the current researcher to design and transfer data with greater data rates among the sensors and sensor nodes for biomedical applications. The core area for research in WBANs is power efficiency, battery-driven devices for health and medical, the Charging limitation is a major and serious problem for the WBANs.this research work is proposed to find out the optimal solution for battery-friendly technology. In this research we have addressed the solution to increasing the battery lifetime with variable data transmission rates from medical equipment as Wireless Endoscopy Capsules, this device will analyze a patient's inner body gastrointestinal tract by capturing images and visualization at the workstation. The second major issue is that the Wireless Endoscopy Capsule based systems are currently not used for clinical applications due to their low data rate as well as low resolution and limited battery lifetime, in case of these devices are more enhanced in these cases it will be the best solution for the medical applications. The main objective of this research is to power optimization by reducing the power consumption of the battery in the Wireless Endoscopy Capsule to make it battery-friendly. To overcome the problem we have proposed the algorithm for "Battery Friendly Algorithm" and we have compared the different frame rates of buffer sizes for Transmissions. The proposed Battery Friendly Algorithm is to send the images on average frame rate instead of transmitting the images on maximum or minimum frame rates. The proposed algorithm extends the battery lifetime in comparison with the previous baseline proposed algorithm as well as increased the battery lifetime of the capsule.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.563-569
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• 2018

Background/Aims: To evaluate patients with portal hypertension (PH) of varied etiologies for portal hypertensive enteropathy (PHE) using the PillCam SB3 capsule endoscopy (CE) system. Methods: Consecutive patients with PH presenting with unexplained anemia and/or occult gastrointestinal bleeding were evaluated using the PillCam SB3 CE system. Abnormal findings were categorized as vascular or non-vascular. The patients with ongoing bleeding caused by PHE were treated. The correlation of the CE scores of PHE with the clinical, laboratory, and endoscopic features was determined. Results: Of the 43 patients included in the study, 41 (95.3%) showed PHE findings. These included varices (67.4%), red spots (60.5%), erythema (44.2%), villous edema (46.5%), telangiectasia (16.3%), and polyps (16.3%). The CE scores varied from 0 to 8 ($mean{\pm}standard$ deviation, $4.09{\pm}1.8$). Five patients (11.6%) showed evidence of ongoing or recent bleeding due to PHE. Three of these five patients underwent endotherapy, and one patient underwent radiological coil placement. Conclusions: The PillCam SB3 CE system revealed a high prevalence of PHE in the patients with PH. Using this system, evidence of bleeding due to PHE was found in a small but definite proportion of the patients.