• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to provide basic data for developing nursing interventions to enhance quality of life of pediatric patients with cancer (children and adolescents) by examining the quality of life and related factors. Methods: Participants were 134; 67 pediatric patients and 67 parents. The PedsQL$^{TM}$ 3.0 Cancer Module was employed to measure quality of life in the participants. The related factors included general and clinical characteristics of the participants. Results: Mean score for quality of life in the patients was 75.07, and mean score for patient quality of life as perceived by their parents was 64.40. Among the quality of life subscales, treatment anxiety had the highest score whereas nausea had the lowest score. Mean score in adolescent patients (13-18 years of age) was 71.62, lower than the 78.04 for child patients (8-12 years of age). Regarding general and clinical characteristics of the participants, there were no significant differences in the scores. Conclusion: The results indicate that there is difference in perception of quality of life between patients and their parents, and between children and adolescents and these differences should be taken into account when planning and providing nursing care.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.151-158
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose the basic data for cancer patient management by secondary analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey(KNHANES) to identify factors related to suicidal thinking of cancer patients over 19 years of age in Korean adults lapse of time. The data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS WIN 22.0 program in order to analyze the demographic, health, and mental characteristics of the subjects in 2009 and 2017. It was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. As a result of the study, the factors related to suicidal thinking in cancer patients were activity restriction and experience of depression in 2009(Negelkerke R²=.384), and age, marital status, activity restriction, and experience of depression in 2017(Negelkerke R²=.525). This study is meaningful in that the factors related to suicidal thoughts in cancer patients were identified according to the lapse of time, and the changes in the related factors were confirmed. Development and application of an intervention program to prevent suicide in cancer patients are necessary.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.538-549
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to explore and compare the knowledge structure of pain management nursing research, between Korea and other countries, applying a text network analysis. Methods: 321 Korean and 6,685 international study abstracts of pain management, published from 2004 to 2017, were collected. Keywords and meaningful morphemes from the abstracts were analyzed and refined, and their co-occurrence matrix was generated. Two networks of 140 and 424 keywords, respectively, of domestic and international studies were analyzed using NetMiner 4.3 software for degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector community analysis. Results: In both Korean and international studies, the most important, core-keywords were "pain," "patient," "pain management," "registered nurses," "care," "cancer," "need," "analgesia," "assessment," and "surgery." While some keywords like "education," "knowledge," and "patient-controlled analgesia" found to be important in Korean studies; "treatment," "hospice palliative care," and "children" were critical keywords in international studies. Three common sub-topic groups found in Korean and international studies were "pain and accompanying symptoms," "target groups of pain management," and "RNs' performance of pain management." It is only in recent years (2016~17), that keywords such as "performance," "attitude," "depression," and "sleep" have become more important in Korean studies than, while keywords such as "assessment," "intervention," "analgesia," and "chronic pain" have become important in international studies. Conclusion: It is suggested that Korean pain-management researchers should expand their concerns to children and adolescents, the elderly, patients with chronic pain, patients in diverse healthcare settings, and patients' use of opioid analgesia. Moreover, researchers need to approach pain-management with a quality of life perspective rather than a mere focus on individual symptoms.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.128-136
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the current state of the home-based cancer patient management project of public health centers throughout the country. The results of the investigation is employed to identify obstacles to the execution of the program and, finally, to develop an efficient management program of home-based cancer patients. Methods: Data on the home-based cancer patient management project were collected and analyzed through visiting interviews or telephone interviews with 225 public health centers throughout the country for six months from July to December, 2006. Results: Obstacles to the present execution of the home-based cancer patient management project were identified. Some of them are : (1) patients' low trust in cancer patient management by local health centers, (2) absence of programs customized to local communities, (3) lack of personnel and vehicles for home-based cancer patient management, (4) lack of education program for personnel in charge of home-based cancer patient management, (5) problems in public health doctors, weak connection to private medical institutions, (6) absence of medical institutions and hospice facilities for cancer patients, and (7) non-standardized volunteer workers, so on. Considering all these problems, some effective management methods are proposed. The basic concept is to keep the autonomy and variety of the local helath centers. And based on this concept, three models of (1) public health center controlled model, (2) medical institutions and hospice facilities-entrusted model and (3) medical institutions and hospice facilities-cooperative model are developed. Conclusion: By adopting an adequate model among proposed three models, the public health centers are expected to achieve an efficient utilization of material resources and manpower. In addition, by inventing their own programs that are proper for the local societies, they can improve the home-based cancer patient management.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.12-21
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• 2020

Purpose: The study was to develop a tailored education and coaching program (TECP) for cancer patients, and to identify the effects of TECP on pain severity, daily living impairment, barriers on pain management, self-efficacy, and pain management satisfaction. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was used. Patients referred to an oncology nurse specialist from oncologists for pain management were randomly assigned to TECP (25) or usual education program (UEP, 22). The intervention was offered by educating the method of taking opioid medication, managing opioid-induced side effects, reducing pain misconceptions and enhancing self-efficacy for communicating with a medical team on cancer pain severity, and pain-related impairment. Patients completed questionnaires before the education program and on the next visit 3~4 weeks later. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 program using percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation, x² test and independent t-test. Results: At all levels, pain severity improved significantly in the experimental group-worst pain (8.16 to 3.80, p<.001), average pain (6.16 to 2.52 p=.008), and least pain (3.32 to 0.96, p=.038)-but not in the control group. Pain management satisfaction also showed significant differences (t=2.93, p=.005) between experimental (4.70±0.49) and control (4.17±0.73) groups. Interference with daily living, barriers to managing cancer pain, and self-efficacy for managing pain improved in both groups but there were no significant differences. Conclusion: The findings suggest that TECP should be considered for outpatients who need cancer pain management.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1045-1054
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• 2000

As cost pressures have escalated, policy makers, politicians, health care providers and families have tried to devise ways to reduce health care costs. While originally developed to enhance patient control and to provide better care at the end of life, hospice care has recently received significant attention as a mean of reducing health care costs. As a program providing care for patients who are dying at their homes, hospice has expanded slowly since the opening of the first hospice in Korea in 1963. Therefore, a variety of services that responds to the needs and concerns of many dying people and their families is limited The purpose of this study was to determine the potential cost savings at the end of life among patients who used home hospice compared with the patients who received institutional care in Korea. This study used a retrospective, descriptive design. The sample for this study included 46 patients who died of lung cancer: 25 patients who received home hospice care and 21 patients who received institutional care. Data on patient characteristics, kinds and frequencies of provided treatment and nursing services, and hospice and hospital charges during the last month before death were collected. Cost of care was measured by the average cost per patient per day in the last month of life. The results of the study indicated that there were significant differences in average cost of care between home hospice sample and institutional care sample (t=9.956, p<.001; home hospice sample: M=18,102 won, institutional care sample: M=317,578 won). The cost of the home hospice sample was approximately 6% of the cost of institutional care. The majority of the home hospice nursing services were education (35.7%) and supportive counseling (25.2%), followed by medication management (13.6%), assessment (12.1%), basic nursing (7.2%), treatment (5.5%) and others. In institutional care sample, basic nursing and treatment were more emphasized than education or supportive counseling among the nursing services provided. The results of this study showed the potential for hospice to reduce costs and implications for policymakers and clinicians to incorporate hospice program into the formal health care delivery system in Korea.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.165-176
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of home care nursing services in relation to the patients in hospital. Method: Subjects were 129 patients who admitted hospital and were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Home Health Care Need Assessment Questionnaire constructed by the Korea Health Industry Development Institute. Data were analyzed using SAS 8.12 program by applying percentage. Results: 1. According to the diagnosis of the subjects, the majority had cancer (25.0%), followed by musculoskeletal disease (15,6%), neuro/cerebral vascular disease (14.1%), digestive (10.9%) and respiratory disease (10.9%). 2. With regard to fundamental nursing service, subjects wanted to receive home care services for the following reasons: Problem identification and diagnosis (77.5%), vital sign check (49.6%); and intake and output measure (20.9%). 3. With regard to clinical laboratory tests, 62.8% wanted to receive blood tests, and followed by urine tests 26.4%, and wound drainage 26.4%. 4. With regard to medication and treatment service, 40.3% of the subjects wanted to receive intravenous fluid therapy, 26.4% intravenous antibiotics, and 26.4% the monitoring of fluid therapy. 5. With regard to therapeutic nursing service, 33.3% wanted to receive wound care, 26.4% ROM exercise, and 27.9% foley catheter change and care. 6. With regard to educational needs, 42.6% wanted education on infection monitoring, 41.4% on medication, and 34.9% on diet. 7. With regard to counseling needs, 65.9% wanted to receive telephone counseling about patient condition, 52.7% counseling about re-admission and 51.9% direct counseling about patient condition. In the group of injury and toxicity, and cardiovascular/circulatory diseases, 100% wanted telephone and direct counseling about the patient condition. Conclusion: Therefore, in order to improve the quality of hospital based home health care services, various factors that affect to the need of home health care should be analyzed and specified nursing care should be looked into.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.322-341
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• 2001

The family value is expected to play a crucial role in adjusting a new environment for the family, especially in the critical situation as having a child with cancer in the family. The purpose of the study was to analyze the family values of the family with cancer children in order to offer descriptive data, which will facilitate family adjustment with cancer children. The survey was conducted from July 18, 2000 to August 30, 2000 and the analysis included 309 parents of the children who have been diagnosed as cancer, 18 years of age or less, and treated either hospitalized or at the outpatient clinics. Two instruments were used to measure family value. The modified form of General family value scale was 18 items with a 5 points of Likert response format (Cronbach alpha= .78) and Family value scale was developed for the study with 12 items on a 5 points of Likert response format(Cronbach alpha= .73). The data analysis utilized SAS 6.12 for percentage, frequency, Mean, and t-test of demographic characteristics and mean, F score, ANOVA, and Duncan follow-up test of variable relationships. The study findings were as follows. 1) In General family value, the fathers gave the higher scores to 'The children should live with their parents'(M=4.01), and 'A parents and their children are like one body' (M=3.91). The item with lowest score was 'Its not impossible for man to have extramarital relationship'(M=1.92). The mothers thought the most important items were 'A parents and their children are like one body'(M=3.79), and 'A wife needs to be patient to keep harmony of the family' (M=3.56), and the item with lowest score was 'Its not impossible for man to have extramarital relationship'(M=1.44). 2) The mean scores of the mothers were higher than the fathers for all items in family value with cancer children, while fathers gave more points for items in general family value. Both of parents gave the highest score to 'The health of the family is most important to me'(M=4.85 for fathers, M=4.97 for mothers), and followed by 'The husband and wife need to be patient and understand each other to overcome the difficulties'. The item with lowest scores was 'The parents can have conflicts in making decisions since their child was sick'(M=3.34 for fathers, M=3.37 for mothers). 3) There were significant differences between fathers and mothers in items of General family value; fathers gave more points to the items of 'The children should live with their parents', 'Its essential to hold the ceremony to respect their forefathers', 'Its not impossible for man to have extramarital relationship', 'A woman with two daughters should have one more baby to succeed the generation', 'The husbands are responsible for the household economy', and 'When his mother and wife dont get along, the man should be on his mothers side'. However, there was no significant difference between fathers and mothers in items of Family value with cancer children. 4) The general family value was significantly different by the birth order of cancer children, mothers age, mothers education level, and types of payment. On the other hand, the family value with cancer children was significantly different by the age of cancer children, period of illness, period after completing treatment, family type, the number of family members, and the number of total children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.108-117
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• 2001

This research objected to the diagnosed patients as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, neuroblastoma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, kidney tumor, myelodysplastic syndrom and juvenile chronic leukemia after admission in the 'P' hospital in Pusan from Aug. 1. 1999 to Jan. 31. 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. On the specific character between the experimental(exp.) group and the control (con.) group : there were 7 of 4-7 years old patients(the most) in the experimental group(53.8％), 5 of 12 years old or older patients in the control group (38.5％). Patients who experienced operation were 7 in the exp. group(53.8％) and 6 in con. group(46.2％). The largest number of the patients' diagnosis was acute lymphoblastic leukemia by 5 in the exp. group(38.5％) and 4 in the con. group (30.8％). The hardest nausea came on the second day by 5 in the exp. group(38.5％), 9 in the con. group(69.2％). 2. P-score of the nausea vomiting on the number of daily anticancer drug administration : first day, the exp. group got 9.6 and the con. group 17.6(P = 0.03). 2nd day, 10.9 and 19.4(P = 0.00), 3rd day, 10.6 and 18.3(P = 0.00), 4th day 10.0 and 18.0, 5th day 10.9 and 16.8(P = 0.05). The score showed statistically significant difference(P < .05). 3. Oral intake didn't show statistically significant difference between two groups. However the average of Oral intake of the exp. group was continually higher than the con. group except to the first day after administration. In conclusion, nursing intervention and nutrition care are much more needed on the 2-3th day after administration to reduce nausea vomiting, and for remission of nausea and enlarging oral intake it is utilizable to apply the easy, economic Oral Cryotherapy to the young patients who undergo chemotherapy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.299-316
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• 1996

This study is the descriptive survey to provide basic data for nursing intervention to pain management of cancer patients by finding more effective way to manage pain with recognize pain level and pain characteristics. To achieve the purpose of this study, the subjects of this study are 110 male or female gastro intestinal tract patients who are older than twenty, are hospitalized in Pusan University Hospital from 1995. 5. 28 to 1995. 9. 25 and have had medical treatment. The modified pain assessment of cancer patients of Cornne, H. Rosermary, M. was used as the tool of study with 16 questionaries. The pain score consists of sensory intensity score and distress score. The data was analyzed by the SPSS statistical program number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, One Way Anova and Duncan's Multiple Range Test were utilized for analysis. The results were summarized as follows : 1. In population-sociological characteristics : in the age-range of subject, the sixties are most as 32.7% and the subjects after the forties are 89.5%, in sex of subjects, male patients are 66.4% and female 33.6%, in the number of family, the subjects who has 4 or above families are 70% and the subjects who live with their spouse, sons and daughters are 54.5% 2. In the disease characteristics : stomach cancer patients were most as 39.1%. And the most of patient who had never been operated before. In time of pain, the most of subjects were intermittent. In the type of pain, the most of subjects were 'dully pain' as 31.8%. Metastatic subjects were 30.0%. In the origin of pain, nervous pressure was 50.8%. The number of complication was 46 and most of complication are obstruction as 6%. 3. In the pain level, 91subjects complained pain. And mean pain score was $287.1{\pm}116.1$ The mean pain score of female subjects was higher than that of male subjects. 4. In the pain characteristics, the pain began usually at meal time as 40.7%. The duration of pain was mostly from 1 month to 3 months as 57.1%. The appetite was mainly concerned with the pain as 31.8%. The etiology of pain was usually tumor as 69.3%. The meaning of pain was incurable disease as 14.5%, anxiety, death and suffering. 5. The 56(61%) of 91subjects were treated with Analgesic pain management. The kinds of Analgesic is usually valentac as 46.4%. The medication was usually intramuscle as 66.1% at whenever necessary, Response of Analgesic after Medication was usually 'moderate release'. The side effects of medication were nausea as 26.8%. The average amount of morphine dosage hospitalized to cancer patients with pain was 80mg in a day and metastatic cancer patients with pain was 101.9mg in a day. 6. In the relation between the disease characteristics and pain level, there is a significant statistical difference : whether subjects had been operated or not : (t=2.88, p=0.005), time of pain is(t=3.34, p=0.005), stage of metastatic(F=9.323, P=0.0002), and type of pain(F=4.013, p=0.0008). In the pain level of diagnosis, Colon cancer was $353.3{\pm}81.7$(F=2.34, p=0.049), the origin of pain, nerve pressure $316.3{\pm}98.5$(F=2.44, P=0.045), In the complication, ascites and obstruction $324.9{\pm}96.8$(T=2.60, P=0.04).