• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.99-107
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• 2019

Until now it has had the limitation of the target in the US JMEM to calculate the Pk with the existing method by our study. In this study, we focused on deriving a method to calculate the Pk of the actual targets except JMEM targets using ANN. We study the initial predictive model of ANN(Artificial Neural Network) from the targets data of the specification and the vulnerable area in the US JMEM(Joint Munitions Effectiveness Manuals), and calculate the actual targets vulnerable area by using this method. Finally, we propose a method to calculate the Pk by applying those data to the existing method of us.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.95-110
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• 2022

Wind energy can be utilized for the generation of electricity, due to significant wind potential at different parts of the world, some countries have already been generating of electricity through wind. Pakistan is still well behind and has not yet made any appreciable effort for the same. The objective of this work was to add some new strategies to calculate Weibull parameters and assess wind energy potential. A new approach calculates Weibull parameters; we also developed an alternate formula to calculate shape parameters instead of the gamma function. We obtained k (shape parameter) and c (scale parameter) for two-parameter Weibull distribution using five statistical methods for five different cities in Pakistan. Maximum likelihood method, Modified Maximum likelihood Method, Method of Moment, Energy Pattern Method, Empirical Method, and have been to calculate and differentiate the values of (shape parameter) k and (scale parameter) c. The performance of these five methods is estimated using the Goodness-of-Fit Test, including root mean square error, mean absolute bias error, mean absolute percentage error, and chi-square error. The daily 10-minute average values of wind speed data (obtained from energydata.info) of different cities of Pakistan for the year 2016 are used to estimate the Weibull parameters. The study finds that Hyderabad city has the largest wind potential than Karachi, Quetta, Lahore, and Peshawar. Hyderabad and Karachi are two possible sites where wind turbines can produce reasonable electricity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.17 no.5 s.78
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• pp.527-536
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• 2005

A method of reinforcement using external tendons has been found to be one of the effective techniques of reinforcement and its application is increasing. In this paper, the method to calculate the initial tendon force is proposed for the improvement of load-carrying capacity in existing steel-concrete composite bridges. An equation for the increment of tendon force was derived for tendon configurations and live load types, and the effect of reinforcement in a composite beam was numerically studied. The method to calculate the number of tendon and initial tendon force was presented by proposing the new method to calculate the rating factor, which considers the increment of tendon force. The method was shown to be effective for an existing steel-concrete bridge.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 2005

To calculate the probability of bit error of UWB communication systems, the exact expression of multiple access interference is essential. So far, in many researches, MAI has been modeled by the Gaussian Approximation, which leads to the huge errors. And there are some tries to obtain the exact model fot the MAI but they have some problems such as long calculation time. We introduce the simple expression to calculate the probability of error of an UWB-TH system with BPSK. The multiple access interference is explained by the characteristic function method combined with the Gaussian approximation. It allows us to easily and fast calculate the bit error rate of an UWB-TH system.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.spc8
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• pp.3051-3056
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• 2011

We calculate the free energy surfaces for two small proteins and a protein-RNA complex system by using a lattice model approach. In particular, we employ the Munoz-Eaton model, which is a native-structure based statistical mechanical model for studying protein folding problem. The model can provide very useful insights into the folding mechanisms by allowing one to calculate the free energy surfaces efficiently. We first calculate the free energy surfaces of ubiquitin and BBL, using both approximate and recently developed exact solutions of the model. Ubiquitin exhibits a typical two-state folding behavior, while BBL downhill folding in our study. We then extend the method to study of a protein-RNA complex. In particular, we focus on PAZ-siRNA complex. In order to elucidate the interplay between folding and binding kinetics for this system we perform comparative studies of PAZ only, PAZ-siRNA complex and two mutated complexes. We find that folding and binding are strongly coupled with each other and the bound PAZ is more stable than the unbound PAZ. Our results also suggest that the binding sites of the siRNA may serve act as a nucleus in the folding process.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.610-630
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• 2020

A large number of people suffered from traffic accidents each year, so people pay more attention to traffic safety. However, the traditional methods use laser sensors to calculate the vehicle distance at a very high cost. In this paper, we propose a method based on deep learning to calculate the vehicle distance with a monocular camera. Our method is inexpensive and quite convenient to deploy on the mobile platforms. This paper makes two contributions. First, based on Light-Head RCNN, we propose a new vehicle detection framework called Light-Car Detection which can be used on the mobile platforms. Second, the planar homography of projective geometry is used to calculate the distance between the camera and the vehicles ahead. The results show that our detection system achieves 13FPS detection speed and 60.0% mAP on the Adreno 530 GPU of Samsung Galaxy S7, while only requires 7.1MB of storage space. Compared with the methods existed, the proposed method achieves a better performance.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.431-436
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• 2016

In the design of transformer winding, natural vibration frequency is an important parameter. This paper presents a 2D model to calculate axial vibration natural frequency of power transformer winding based on the elastic dynamics theory, and according to the elastic support equivalent principle of radial pressboards. The 3D model to calculate natural vibration frequency can be simplified as a 2D one as the support of pressboards on the winding is same. It is verified that results of the 2D model are consistent with those of 3D one, but the former can achieve much higher calculation efficiency. It shows that increasing the width and number of pressboards can improve axial natural frequency through formula analysis and simulation, and also the relations between the changes of axial pre-compression and axial natural vibration frequency on the windings are investigated. Finally, the proposed 2D model's effectiveness is proved when compared with tested ones.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.311-322
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• 2018

As a method of seismic-design for pile-supported wharves, equivalent static analysis, response spectrum analysis, and time history analysis method are applied. Among them, the response spectrum analysis is widely used to obtain the maximum response of a structure. Because the ground is not modeled in the response spectrum analysis of pile-supported wharves, the amplified input ground acceleration should be calculated by ground classification or seismic response analysis. However, it is difficult to calculate the input ground acceleration through ground classification because the pile-supported wharf is build on inclined ground, the methods to calculate the input ground acceleration proposed in the standards are different. Therefore, in this study, the dynamic centrifuge model tests and the response spectrum analysis were carried out to calculate the appropriate input ground acceleration. The pile moment in response spectrum analysis and the dynamic centrifuge model tests were compared. As a result of comparison, it was shown that the response spectrum analysis results using the amplified acceleration in the ground surface were appropriate.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.589-592
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• 2004

We calculate the probability to form giant radio halos (${\~}$ 1 Mpc size) as a function of the mass of the host clusters by using a Statistical Magneto-Turbulent Model (Cassano & Brunetti, these proceedings). We show that the expectations of this model are in good agreement with the observations for viable values of the parameters. In particular, the abrupt increase of the probability to find radio halos in the more massive galaxy clusters ($M {\ge} 2{\times}10^{15} M_{\bigodot}$) can be well reproduced. We calculate the evolution with redshift of such a probability and find that giant radio halos can be powered by particle acceleration due to MHD turbulence up to z${\~}$0.5 in a ACDM cosmology. Finally, we calculate the expected Luminosity Functions of radio halos (RHLFs). At variance with previous studies, the shape of our RHLFs is characterized by the presence of a cut-off at low synchrotron powers which reflects the inefficiency of particle acceleration in the case of less massive galaxy clusters.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.2121-2125
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• 2006

This paper shows the calculation system of construction cost rate to telecommunications engineering service that is based on the tenth article of the Engineering Technique Promotion Law. The existing construction cost rate had been calculated using the experiential statistics or quoted the foreign construction cost rates. This paper apply the theoretical method to calculate the construction cost rate instead of the existing method. To calculate it more reasonably, this paper apply the characteristic own of the current construction cost rate. The result of this paper can be introduced to calculate the construction cost rate for the telecommunication engineering service.