• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.221-224
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• 2010

Papillary thyroid carcinoma frequently invades the lymph node, trachea, esophagus and perithyroid tissue. However, direct extension to posterior pharyngeal area is known to be rare. A 64-year-old male was referred to our clinic presenting as posterior pharyngeal mass during gastrofiberscopy. The neck CT scan showed soft tissue mass in retropharynx and lymph node in right level III with calcifications. We performed the total thyroidectomy with selective(level II, III, IV) and anterior compartment neck dissection. In operative findings, the right thyroid mass were connected to the retropharynx through the posterior portion of inferior constrictor muscle. Histopathologic findings revealed the papillary thyroid carcinoma extended to retropharynx. We report a unique case with a literature review.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.105-108
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• 2012

Giant spinal schwannoma of the cauda equine involving many nerve roots is rare, and ossification is usually not observed in the schwannoma. A 21-year-old man presented with a 12-month history of urinary dysfunction and numbness below the buttocks. Plain radiography showed scalloping of the posterior surface of the vertebral bodies from L4 to the sacrum, and magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed a giant cauda equina tumor with dystrophic calcification. The tumor was completely removed, with intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring. Histopathologic examination showed that the tumor was a schwannoma. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, with urinary function and numbness gradually improving. Although a giant schwannoma accompanied by dystrophic calcification is extremely rare, such a tumor can be removed safely and completely by meticulous dissection and careful neuromonitoring of the cauda equina spinal nerves involved in the tumor.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.56-58
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• 2007

A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital in semicomatous consciousness. Brain computed tomography scans demonstrated $2.6{\times}2.5\;cm$ sized hyperdense mass in the pineal region with multiple punctate calcifications and hydrocephalus. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a pineal mass which was heterogeneously enhanced with gadolinium. After external ventricular drainage, the patient regained consciousness. The mass was totally removed via occipital transtentorial approach. No consequent ventricular shunt was needed and the patient recovered without any neurological deficit. Final pathologic report of the tumor was ependymoma.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.584-594
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• 1986

Despite the multivariate improvements in tissue treatment, material, and design of prosthetic heart valves in recent years, numerous complications that may lead to valve dysfunction remain a constant threat after valve replacement. Most common indications for prosthetic valve failure are primary valve failure, infective endocarditis, paravalvular leakage, and thromboembolism. From 1977 to 1986, 15 patients underwent reoperation for prosthetic valve failure in 278 cases of valve surgery. The etiology of prosthetic valve failure were primary valve failure in 12 patients [80 %], infective endocarditis in 2 patients [13.3 %], and a paravalvular leakage [6.7 %]. The average durations of implantation were 45.5 months; 53.9 months in primary valve failure, 16 months in infective endocarditis, and 4 months in paravalvular leakage. The rate of valve failure was high under age of 30 [11/15]. Calcifications and collagen disruption of prosthesis were main cause of primary valve failure in macro- & micropathology. Prosthesis used in reoperation were 5 tissue valves and 10 mechanical valves. Operative mortality were 13.3 % [2/15], due to intractable endocarditis and ventricular arrhythmia.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.1019-1023
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• 1991

Broncholithiasis is defined as a condition in which a concretion is present within a bronchus or a cavity in the lung communicating with a bronchus. Broncholithiasis, although recognized in antiquity by Aristotle and well known to accompany the mediastinal calcifications of tuberculosis and histoplasmosis frequently seen in our society, is rarely mentioned in recent medical literature. Esophagobronchial fistula is an uncommon finding in broncholithiasis. This report is a case of esophagobronchial fistula with broncholithiasis in 58-year-old male patient who complained paroxysmal coughing after ingestion of fluids. The fistulous tract was successfully resected and reinforced by mediastinal pleura. Broncholithiasis was confirmed by lithoptysis as the cause of previous esophagobronchial fistula.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.93-97
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• 2010

This report was to show the radiographic appearances of the fungus ball in a paranasal sinus and to emphasize the scan area of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to detect the calcification in the paranasal sinus. A seventyfour-year-old woman visited our department for the implant rehabilitation at both maxillary posterior edentulous region. Pre-operative radiographic examinations including the panoramic, CBCT, and multidector CT images were taken. An opacification in the right maxillary sinus was observed on the multiplanar image of CBCT, however the pre-determined scan area of CBCT in this report hardly showed the calcifications at the central portion of the maxillary sinus. The opacification in the maxillary sinus could be misdiagnosed as chronic maxillary sinusitis if the calcification of fungus ball was not simultaneously detected. The scan area of pre-operative CBCT needs to be enough to scan the paranasal sinus from top to bottom.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.333-336
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• 2021

Rhinoliths are foreign bodies composed of mineralised deposits in the nasal cavity that are rarely encountered in routine dental practice. The current report presents a case of a 77-year-old female patient who visited a dental treatment centre for a routine dental check-up and prophylaxis. On the clinical examination, the patient did not report any breathing difficulty, nasal obstruction, or any form of discharge. Panoramic radiography showed a horizontally magnified radiopaque structure in the right nasal fossa region. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed a hyperdense entity with a laminated presentation in the right nasal fossa. The hyperdense entity was diagnosed as a rhinolith based on the radiographic findings. Although the patient was asymptomatic, a referral was made to an ear, nose, and throat surgeon for a further evaluation. This report highlights the importance of CBCT imaging in the diagnosis of soft-tissue calcifications.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 2019

A 6-year-old Dachshund was presented with acute, non-localized pain without neurological dysfunction. Radiography revealed multiple calcifications of intervertebral discs and narrowing of disc space in the thoracolumbar region. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed calcified disc-like material entrapped in the left extraforaminal area and showed a displaced nerve root. Fenestration and removal of the extruded disc material were performed in a routine manner. Histopathological examination showed degenerative disc materials with severe calcification both in the nucleus pulposus and around the annulus fibrosis. Based on imaging, surgical, and histopathologic results, the dog was diagnosed with far lateral lumbar disc extrusion.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.74-80
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• 2019

Antrolith occurs within the maxillary sinuses and is circumscribed pathologic calcifications formed as a result of mineral salt deposition around an organic nucleus in the maxillary sinus. Radiographically, this lesion is a radiopaque mass showing variable sizes and shapes. Treatment by surgical removal is indicated only for large antrolith associated to clinical symptoms. CBCT should be required for treatment planning for implant-supported restorations in the maxilla because of the higher prevalence of anatomical variations and sinus disease. We report a 3 cases of antrolith which was found incidentally on panoramic images and CBCT, although there were no clinical symptoms.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.373-376
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• 2020

This report presents a rare case of ameloblastoma with histopathologic and radiographic calcification, including 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. A 22-year-old woman had hard swelling on the right mandible. Panoramic and CBCT images showed multilocular radiolucencies with internal calcification foci in the right mandible. Three-dimensional images clearly showed varying-sized radiopacities within the lesion from various angles. A histopathologic examination showed central squamous differentiation and more densely packed peripheral palisading ameloblastic cells. Many areas of keratin pearls and calcifications were also seen. Four previous reports have described 5 cases of ameloblastoma showing histopathologic calcification. This might be the first report to present the calcification of ameloblastoma on panoramic and CBCT images, especially on 3-dimensional images.