• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.747-751
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• 1999

The Hohenheim in vitro gas test was used to assess the nutritional value of some crop residues of known in vivo digestibility. The crop residues are groundnut shells (GNS) corn cobs (CC); cassava peels (CaP); unripe and ripe plantain peels (UPP, RPP) and citrus pulp/peels (CPP). Compared to other crop residues, crude protein (CP) content of CC was low. Except for CaP and CPP that had low neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF), other residues contained a high amount of cell wall constituents. Net gas production was significantly different among the crop residues (p<0.05). Gas production was highest in CPP followed by CaP. CC, UPP and RPP have the same volume of net gas production, while the least net gas production was in GNS. True dry matter (TDM) digestibility was significantly different (p<0.05) among the residues. GNS was the least in TDM digestibility. CaP, UPP and RPP had similar TDM digestibility values, while the highest TDM digestibility was obtained in CPP. OM digestibility was different among the residues (p<0.05). CaP and CPP had the same ME value while CC, UPP and RPP had close ME values and GNS the least in ME (p<0.05). The potential extent (b) and rate (c) of gas production were statistical different among the residues (p<0.05). The Hohenheim gas test gave high in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility for CC, CaP, UPP and RPP and CPP. Fermentable carbohydrates and probably available nitrogen in the crop residues influenced net gas production. The results showed that crop residues besides, providing bulk are also a source of energy and fermentable products which could be used in ruminant livestock production in the tropics.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2017

In this study, the test results obtained from the performance tests for CA (Korea Association of Cleaning Air) certificated air cleaners which had been commercially available in Korea from 2003 to 2015 were analyzed. Among the test parameters such as flow rate, particle collection efficiency, clean air delivery rate (CADR), ozone emission, odor removal efficiency and noise level, noise level and CADR were correlated with flow rates. Collection and odor removal efficiencies were 20% higher than the limit of the CA certification. The ozone emissions from the air cleaners were negligible because all the air cleaners were equipped with only HEPA filters, not electrostatic precipitation method which produces ozone.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2009년도 춘계 학술대회 제21권1호
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• pp.525-526
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 Sporosarcina pasteurii라는 미생물의 생체광물형성작용을 이용하여 Calcite($CaCO_3$) 석출을 유도하고, 이를 Mortar에 적용하여 요구 성능 향상을 평가하였다. Sporosarcina pasteurii를 혼입(input)한 Mortar 시험체(C3S-S.p)와 일반 Mortar 시험체(C3S-W)의 중성화 반응을 실험을 통해 비교한 결과 C3S-S.p가 C3S-W에 비해 중성화가 지연되는 것을 육안으로 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 28日간 Urea-CaCl2 수용액(Medium)에서 양생한 C3S-S.p와 C3S-W의 내구성을 실험을 통해 비교한 결과 Sporosarcina pasteurii를 혼입한 Mortar 시험체(C3S-S.p)가 일반 Mortar 시험체(C3S-W) 비해 내구성이 향상된 것으로 나타났다.

• 핵의학기술
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2011

핵의학 검체검사 외부정도관리 숙련도시험을 평가 지표인 정밀도 및 회수율 측정을 학회에서 시행하고 있는 외부정도 관리혈청과 정확도 기반 WHO 인증표준물질을 사용하여 핵의학검사실에서 널리 사용하고 있는 방사면역측정법과 진단검사의학과에서 자동화장비를 이용하는 주된 방법인 화학발광면역측정법을 2009년, 2010년 각각 2회씩 총 4회를 시행하였다. 2009년도 종양 표지자 5종에서 측정 간 정밀도는 RIA는 평균 $14.8{\pm}4.2%$, EIA(CLIA)는 평균 $19.2{\pm}6.9%$ 이며, 두 방법 간 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 2010년도 종양 표지자와 갑상선 기능검사 9종에서 RIA는 평균 $13.8{\pm}6.1%$, EIA(CLIA)는 평균 $15.5{\pm}7.7%$로 RIA 검사는 AFP, CEA, PSA, CA 125, $T_3$, $T_4$, TSH 종목에서 측정 간 정밀도 허용범위인 20% 이내로 양호한 결과를 보였고, 허용범위를 벗어난 CA 19-9는 p value 0.345로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 2010년도 WHO 인증표준물질을 사용한 RIA 검사 회수율 측정에서 AFP, PSA, $T_4$, TSH는 92~103%로 양호한 회수율을 보였다. CEA, CA 125, CA 19-9는 WHO 인증표준물질이 아닌 상품화된 정도관리물질을 사용하여 낮은 회수율을 보였으나, 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). $T_3$ 종목에서 RIA는 $118{\pm}21.1%$를 보였으나, EIA(CLIA)에서는 $145{\pm}22.9%$로 과대평가된 높은 회수율을 보였고, TSH 종목에서 RIA는 $103{\pm}9.6%$로 좋은 회수율을 보였지만, EIA(CLIA)는 $67{\pm}15.3%$로 낮은 회수율을 보였다. 방사면역측정법은 자동화장비를 이용한 화학발광면역측정법과의 숙련도 비교평가에서 측정 간 정밀도는 허용범위인 20% 이내 또는 두 방법 간 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 회수율은 WHO 인증표준물질을 이용한 종목에서 90~110%로 양호한 결과를 보였고, 이외 종목에서도 두 방법 간 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 따라서 방사면역측정법은 임상의에게 저렴한 비용으로 정확한 결과를 신속하게 보고할 수 있으며, 지속적으로 핵의학 체외진단키트에 대한 성능평가를 WHO 인증표준물질과 외부정도관리 숙련도 시험과 병행하여 수행함으로서 KOLAS 국제공인메디칼시험기관으로 인정받고 국제화와 검사실 표준화를 통하여 질 향상을 이루어야 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.3344-3352
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• 2015

본 연구는 외상성 뇌손상 환자를 대상으로 한국형 전산화 인지재활프로그램(CoTras)이 전두엽-집행기능에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 2013년 8월부터 2014년 3월까지 경남 창원에 위치하는 C병원에 내원한 외상성 뇌손상 환자 10명을 두 그룹으로 무작위 할당한 후 실험군에게 한국형 전산화 인지재활프로그램을, 대조군에는 자가인지훈련을 1일 1회, 주 5회, 4주 동안 적용하고 그룹 간 비교를 실시하였다. 이때 중재의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 한국판 몬트리올 인지평가(Korean Montreal Cognitive Assessment; K-MoCA), 시계 그리기 검사(Executive Clock Drawing Test; ECDT), 선로잇기 검사(Trail Making Test; TMT), Rey-도형 검사(Rey Complex Figure Test; RCFT)를 사용하였다. 그 결과, 실험군은 K-MoCA, TMT, RCFT-delayed recall에서 유의하게 향상된 반면(p<.05), 대조군은 모든 평가에서 유의한 변화가 없었다. 또한, K-MoCA, TMT, RCFT-delayed recall에서 실험군과 대조군의 변화량이 서로 유의한 차이가 있음을 확인하였다(p<.05). 본 연구는 한국형 전산화 인지재활프로그램이 외상성 뇌손상 환자의 전두엽-집행기능을 향상시키기 위해 국내 임상 환경에서 사용하기에 적절한 중재 도구임을 지지한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2002

This study was to investigate 1) the correlation of serum Ca, with depression and anxiety ; and 2) the effect of Ca intake on those symptoms. The subjects were three females and two males who were 53-66 years old with the severe subjective symptoms of depression and anxiety. They have taken more than twice Ca of RDA(recommended dietary allowances for Koreans) daily for 6 months(dietary treatment). The prestudy Ca intake of the subjects was low: 60% of RDA for Koreans. Their serum Ca concentration was also low: 6.67 $\pm$ 0.15mg/d1 before the dietary treatment. They expressed severs depression and anxiety, with high self scores in a psychological test. Their serum Ca concentration increased to 8.32 $\pm$ 0.17mg/dl after six months of dietary treatment, while the symptoms of depression and anxiety decreased significantly after two months and nearly disappeared after six months. This result seemed to be an effect of the dietary high Ca intake. Serum Ca and the psychological states of depression and anxiety correlated negatively, and the coefficients of determination were high in the results of linear regression analysis of depression and anxiety by serum Ca. Therefore the serum Ca concentration could be a good marker to predict depression or anxiety relatively well. The continuous high Ca intake could decrease the probability of developing depression or anxiety and mitigate their symptoms because serum Ca concentration increased, while the state of depression and anxiety decreased with the increased Ca intake.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6241-6243
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• 2013

Objective: To explore the predictive value of tumor markers, including cancer antigen 72-4 (CA72-4), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125), in single or combined detection, for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods: 120 patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer from August 2011 to March 2013 and 80 patients diagnosed with benign ovarian tumors were enrolled in this test, along with 50 health examination women randomly selected from the database as controls. Serum levels of CA72-4, CA15-3 and CA125 in this study were determined by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Results: Serum levels of CA72-4, CA15-3 and CA125 in ovarian cancer were higher than those in healthy group and benign group (P<0.01).The sensitivity of combined detection of those three tumor markers for diagnosis of ovarian cancer was obviously higher than with single detection with each marker (P<0.01). Conclusions: CA72-4, CA15-3 and CA125 could be a good combination in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Patients whose tumor markers continue to increase should be highly suspected of malignancy.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2007

Effects of alloying elements on the corrosion layer formation of Pb-grid/active materials interface has been researched for improvement of corrosion resistance of Pb-Ca alloy. For this research, various amounts of alloying elements such as Sn, Ag and Ba were added to the Pb-Ca alloys and investigated their corrosion behaviors. Batteries fabricated by using these alloys as cathode grids were subjected to life cycle test. Overcharge life cycle test was carried out at $75^{\circ}C$, 4.5 A, for 110 hrs. with KS standard (KSC 8504). And then, after keeping the battery with open circuit state for 48 hr, discharge was carried out at 300A for 30 sec. Corrosion morphology and interface between Pb-grid and active materials were investigated by using ICP, SEM, WDX, and LPM. Corrosion layer of Pb-Ca alloy got thicken with increasing Ca content. For Pb-Ca-Sn alloy, thickness of corrosion layer decreased as Sn and Ag content increased gradually. In case of Pb-Ca-Sn-Ba alloy, thickness of corrosion layer decreased up to 0.02 wt% Ba addition, whereas, it was not changed in case of above 0.02 wt% Ba addition.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.663-671
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• 2017

Some genetic association tests include an unidentifiable nuisance parameter under the null hypothesis of no association. When the mode of inheritance (MOI) is not specified in a case-control design, the Cochran-Armitage (CA) trend test contains an unidentifiable nuisance parameter. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) in a family-based association study that includes the unaffected also contains an unidentifiable nuisance parameter. The hypothesis tests that include an unidentifiable nuisance parameter are typically performed by taking a supremum of the CA tests or TDT over reasonable values of the parameter. The p-values of the supremum test statistics cannot be obtained by a normal or chi-square distribution. A common method is to use a Davies's upper bound of the p-value instead of an exact asymptotic p-value. In this paper, we provide a unified sine-cosine process expression of the CA trend test that does not specify the MOI and the TDT that includes the unaffected. We also present a closed form expression of the exact asymptotic formulas to calculate the p-values of the supremum tests when the score function can be written as a linear form in an unidentifiable parameter. We illustrate how to use the derived formulas using a pharmacogenetics case-control dataset and an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder family-based example.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1105-1112
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• 2020

1차원 3-이웃 셀룰라 오토마타(Cellular Automata, 이하 CA) 기반의 의사난수 생성기는 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위한 테스트 패턴 생성과 암호 시스템의 키수열 생성기 등에 많이 응용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 더 복잡하고 혼돈스러운 수열을 생성할 수 있는 CA기반의 키 수열 생성기를 설계하기 위해 각 셀의 상태전이에 영향을 주는 이웃을 5개로 확장한 1차원 대칭 5-이웃 CA에 대해 연구한다. 특히 대칭 5-이웃 CA를 합성하기 위해 Krylov 행렬을 이용하는 대수적인 방법과 Cho et al.의 알고리즘을 기반으로 한 1차원 n셀 대칭 5-이웃 CA 합성 알고리즘을 제안한다.