• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ca solubility

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Enhanced Effect of Gluten Hydorlysate on Solubility and Bioavailability of Calcium in Rats (글루템 가수분해물에 의한 칼슘의 가용화 및 체내이용성 증진 효과)

  • 이연숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.40-47
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    • 1997
  • Dietary peptides have recently received attention regarding their beneficial effects on nutrient metabolism since the caseinphosphoptides obtained from casein hydrolysate are generally believed to enhance the intestinal absorption of Ca. The two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of various hydrolyzed fractions of gluten on Ca bioavailability. The gluten hydrolysate of dietary components was produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of gluten whereas gluten hydrolysate supernationt and its precipiate resulted from centrifugation. In experiment I, the rats were for 4 weeks fed the 4 kinds of diets containing same amount of nitrogen and calories and diffeing only in the forms of nitrogen sources. The diets were gluten (G), gluten hydrolysat(GH), gluten hydrolysate supernatant(GHS) and gluten hydrolysate precipitatie(GHP). Determination was made for the body weight gain, serum Ca concentration, Ca solubility in small intestinal contents, bone weight, length and stength, bone ash and Ca content, and Ca balance, respectively. No significant difference was noticed as regards growth, serum Ca, and bone dimension and Ca content among rat groups. More significant increase was observed with regard to Ca absorption and intestinal solubility in the rats receiving the GH or GHS diet which containe crude gluten peptides, than in those subjected to G or GHP diet. In experiment II, in vitro determination for Ca solubility was made to ascertain the mechanism responsible for the effects of gluten peptides on Ca absorption. The 10mM Ca in potassium phosphate buffer solution(pH 7.0) incubated for 3 hours at 37$^{\circ}C$ by the GHS fraction, was observed to be capable of increasing the Ca solubility at 5-25mg/ml concentration of gluten peptides. These observations suggest that the gluten peptides from gluten hydrolysate may enhance the Ca absorption efficiency by increasing the solubility of Ca in small intestine.

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Effect of High-Molecular-Weight Poly-$\gamma$-Glutamic Acid from Bacillus subtilis (chungkookjang) on Ca Solubility and Intestinal Absorption

  • PARK CHUNG;CHOI YOON-HO;SHIN HYUN-JIN;POO HARYOUNG;SONG JAE JUN;KIM CHUL-JOONG;SUNG MOON-HEE
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.855-858
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    • 2005
  • The bioavailability of Ca is currently one of the most important topics in nutrition research and is correlated with gastrointestinal solubility. Thus, to increase the solubility of calcium, this study was undertaken to examine the effect of $\gamma$-PGA on intestinal Ca solubility. The calcium solubility increased when the amount of $\gamma$-PGA was increased, due to the inhibition of the formation of an insoluble Ca complex with phosphate. Therefore, when $\gamma$-PGA-500 (avg. MW 5,000 kDa) was added at 0.5 mg/ml, $75\%$ of the total Ca was soluble. The amount of soluble Ca uptake in the small intestine was investigated using Balb/c mice as an animal model system. The soluble Ca uptake in the mice orally administered with $\gamma$-PGA-500 (avg. MW 5,000 kDa) was significantly higher than that in the $\gamma$-PGA-l00 (avg. MW 1,000 kDa)-administered mice (P<0.05). Accordingly, these results strongly support the notion that the molecular size of $\gamma$-PGA is correlated with Ca solubility. The effects of other factors, such as casein phosphopeptide and vitamin D, on intestinal Ca absorption have also previously been investigated. Therefore, it is hoped that the present observations will help clarify the role of $\gamma$-PGA in Ca solubility and its industrial application as an additive.

Evaluation on solubility and vapor pressure of H2O/(LiBr+CaCl2) solution as a working fluid (H2O/(LiBr+CaCl2) 3성분계 흡수용액의 용해도 및 증기압 특성 평가)

  • No, S.Y.;Jang, Y.H.;Koo, K.K.;Jeong, S.;Kim, Y.W.;Kim, S.K.
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.163-170
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    • 1997
  • Solubility on $(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ in water has been measured systematically and compared with those of pure LiBr. It has been observed that there exists optimum value of $CaCl_2(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ in solubility when total$(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ concentration is higher than 57wt%. As total concentration increases up to 65wt%, it is found that the optimum value also increases monotonically. From the experimental results, a master plot has been constructed, with which optimum ratio of LiBr to $CaCl_2$ can be found in terms of total concentration. Vapor pressure of $H_2O/(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ solution with optimum contents of $CaCl_2$ has been observed to be changed negligibly at relatiely low temperature. However, as temperature increases, it is found that increasement in vapor pressure is significant.

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Nitrogen Dissolution in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaF2 Slags (CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-CaF2 슬래그의 질소용해도에 관한 연구)

  • Baek, Seoung Bae;Lim, Jong Ho;Jung, Woo Jin;Lee, Seoung Won
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.81-86
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    • 2014
  • The nitrogen solubility and nitride capacity of $CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-CaF_2$ slag systems were measured by using gas-liquid equilibration at 1773K. The nitrogen solubility of this slag system decreased with increasing CO partial pressure, with the linear relationship between nitrogen contents and oxygen partial pressure being -3/4. This system was expected to show two types of nitride solution behavior. First, the nitrogen solubility decreased to a minimum value and then increased with the increase of CaO contents. These mechanisms were explained by considering that nitrogen can dissolve into slags as "free nitride" at high basicities and as "incorporated nitride" within the network at low basicities. Also, the basicity of slag and nitride capacity were explained by using optical basicity. The nitrogen contents exhibited temperature dependence, showing an increase in nitrogen contents with increasing temperature.

Studies on the Removal of Phytate from Korean Rapeseed(Brassica napus, L) Proteins -Ⅰ. Effects of pH and Salts on Protein and Phytate Solubility of Defatted Rapeseed Flour- (한국산 평지 종실 단백질의 Phytate 제거에 관한 연구 -제1보. 평지 종실 단백질과 Phytate 의 용해도에 대한 pH와 염류의 영향-)

  • Huh, Chai-Ok;Yang, Cha-Bum
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.212-218
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    • 1986
  • Proteins in Korean rapeseeds, as in many other plantseeds, are usually bound to phytate molecules. These phytate-bound proteins are of little value as foodstuffs because of their poor solubility in digestive systems. Therefore it is necessary to remove phytates from proteins in order to convert these proteins io a useful foodstuff. In the work, an efficient procedure for removal of phytates from defatted Korean rapeseed was found. The influence of pH on the solubility of protein and phytate of rapeseed flour showed that the former was the lowest at pH 5.0 and began to increase as pH further raised. Meanwhile, the latter was the highest at pH 6.0, however, it was decreased abruptly at alkaline pH, especially to content of 1.3% at pH 11.5. The solubility cf protein was relatively high in NaCl aqueous solution at $pH\;6.0{\sim}8.0$, and did not male any noticeable difference depending on NaCl concentration. On the other hand, the solubility of phytate was high at pH of below 6.0 showing an abrupt decrease at pH of above 6.0. The solubility of protein in $CaCl_2$ aqueous solution was highest at $pH\;6.0{\sim}8.0$, however, there was no significant change at the whole range of tested pH of the solution. A maximum solubility of phytate was shown at $pH\;3.0{\sim}4.0$. And it was decreased abruptly at a higher pH of the above range and also decreased at a lower pH with higher $CaCl_2$ concentration. The solubility of phytate in $Na_2SO_3$ aqueous solution was highest at $pH\;5.0{\sim}8.0$. As the concentration goes up the maximum value of solubility was found to move to higher pHs. Depending on the concentration of $Na_2SO_3$, the decreasing pattern was changed in an alkaline solution. The solubility of phytate in the solution containing low concentration of $Ca^{2+}$ ion was low in all treatments at pH of above 7.0 and showed the maximum value at low pH as $Ca^{2+}$ ion concentration increases. The solubility of protein at pH 11.5 showed the highest value in $1mM\;Ca^{2+}$ ion solution.

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Additive Coating of BaTiO3 Powder using Sol Coating Method II - Additive Coating Process using BaTiO3 Sol Added by Mg, Ca, Mn (졸 코팅 법을 이용한 BaTiO3 분체의 첨가제 코팅 II - Mg, Ca, Mn 이 첨가된 BaTiO3 졸을 이용한 첨가제 코팅 공정)

  • 신효순
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.17 no.9
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    • pp.960-966
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    • 2004
  • On the bases of the results from "Additive Coating of BaTiO$_3$ Powder using Sol Coating Method I", experimental condition was defined. Representative additives for BaTiO$_3$, that is to say, Mg, Ca and Mn were experimented. The sources of the metal ion were used by organometal complex. As added it, the stability of BaTiO$_3$ sol was evaluated. Mg and Ca were stable, however, The solubility limit of Mn-ATH was 0.05 mol ratio in Mn-ATH/sol. The solubility limit of Mg ion in BaTiO$_3$ was lower than 2 mol%. From the x Ray diffraction patterns, lattice parameters were different with temperature and additives, because the solubility of metal ion was varied in BaTiO$_3$. The dielectric constant of BaTiO$_3$ powders which coated with the 1.5 mol% Mg and calcined at 1200$^{\circ}C$ was increased with 20%.

Solubility of TiO2 in NaF-CaF2-BaF2 Melts

  • Yoo, Jeong-Hyun;Cho, Sung-Wook
    • Metals and materials international
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.1386-1393
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    • 2018
  • The solubility of $TiO_2$ in $NaF-CaF_2-BaF_2$ ternary eutectic melts was investigated at the temperature range of $1025-1150^{\circ}C$. The least-squares equation was obtained from the relationship between the reciprocal temperature and the natural logarithm of the titanium concentration in the melts saturated with $TiO_2$. The corresponding partial molar enthalpy of dissolution of $TiO_2$ was found to be 188 kJ/mol. The titanium saturation concentration was 3.73 wt% at $1100^{\circ}C$. From the titanium concentration change with the added amount of $TiO_2$ at different holding time after a final stirring, it was found that not only complete dissolution of $TiO_2$ but also enough sedimentation of excessive $TiO_2$ should be guaranteed to obtain more reliable solubility data. The holding time of 10 h was found to be enough for the excessive $TiO_2$ particles to settle down in our experimental conditions. It is noteworthy that in case of adding $TiO_2$ in excess of its solubility, the $Ba_{1.12}(Ti_8O_{16})$ phase was observed at the lower and bottom of the solidified salt ingots.

Thermodynamic Evaluation of Fe Effect on Alumina Solubility in Orthopyroxene coexisting with Garnet

  • Lee, Han-Yeang
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.39-47
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    • 2004
  • In the FMAS system the effect of iron on alumina solubility in orthopyroxene has been determined by experiments with crystalline starting mixtures of garnet and orthopyroxene of known initial compositions at 20 kb, 975$^{\circ}C$ and 25 kb, 1,200$^{\circ}C$. These data have been modeled to develop a thermodynamic method for the calculation of Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ in orthopyroxene as a function of P, T and composition. The direct application of the alumina solubility data in the MAS system to natural assemblages could lead to significant overestimation of pressure, probably by about 5kb for the relatively common garnet-lherzolites with abot 25 mol per cent Ca + Fe$^{2+}$ in garnet and about 1 wt. per cent Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ in orthopyroxene since the effect of Fe is similar to that of Ca and Cr$^{3+}$in reducing the alumina solubility in orthopyroxene in equilibrum with garnet relative to that in the MAS system.

Effect of Ca Implantation on the Sintering and Crack Healing Behavior of High Purity Al2O3 Using Micro-lithographic Technique - I. Formation of Crack-like Pore and Its Morphological Evolution (Ion Implantation으로 Ca를 첨가한 단결정 Al2O3의 Crack-like Pore의 Healing 거동 - I. Crack-like Pore의 형성과 Morphological Evolution)

  • 김배연
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.34 no.8
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    • pp.834-842
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    • 1997
  • Controlled Ca impurity implanted inner crack-like pore in the high purity alumina single crystal, sapphire, had been created by micro-fabrication technique, which includes ion implantation, photo-lithography, Ar ion milling, and hot press technique. The morphological change and the healing of cracklike pore in Ca doped high purity single crystal alumina, sapphire, during high temperature heat treatment in vacuum were observed using optical microscopy. The dot-like surface roughening was developed and hexagon like crystal appeared on inner surface of crack-like pore after heat treatment. Bar type crystals, probably CaO.6Al2O3, were observed on the inner surface after 1 hour heat treatment at 1, 50$0^{\circ}C$, but this bar type crystal disappeared after 1 hour heat treatment at 1, $600^{\circ}C$. This disappearance means that there should be a little increase of Ca solubility limit to alumina at this temperatures.

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ATPase Activity and Solubility of Actomyosin Extracted from Muscle of Silky Fowl (오골계에서 추출한 Actomyosin 의 ATPase 활성 및 용해도)

  • 정인철;문윤희
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.827-831
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    • 1994
  • Investigation on the extractability, Mg2+-, Ca2+ , EDTA-ATPase activity and solubility of actomyosin prepared from leg and breast muscle of silky fowol were as follows. The extractability of actomyosin in leg and breast muscle was 779mg/100g and 1, 318mg/100g respectively, breast muscle was higher than leg muscle . Mg2+-ATPase activity of actomyosin was high inionic strength 0.02-0.10 and Mg2+ATPase activity of low ionic strength was higher than high ionic strength not related to the part. Ca2+ ATPase activity was high in ionic strength 0.05-0.13, the activity of leg muscle was higher that breast muscle. And EDTA-ATPase activity showed low in low ionic strength and showed high in high ionic strength, and increased greatly depend ionic strength up to 0.4. The solubility of actomyosin was not different in leg and breast muscle , the solution started in KCI concentration of 0.3M and ended in DCI concentration of 0.4M.

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