• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.450-463
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• 2000

Array redistribution is usually required to enhance algorithm performance in many parallel programs on distributed memory multicomputers. GEN_BLOCK redistribution, which is redistribution between different GEN_BLOCKs, is essential for load balancing. However, prior research on redistribution has been focused on regular redistribution, such as redistribution between different CYCLIC(N)s. GEN_BLOCK redistribution is very different from regular redistribution. Message passing in regular redistribution involves repetitions of basic message passing patterns, while message passing for GEN_BLOCK redistribution shows locality. This paper proves that two optimal condition, reducing the number of communication steps and minimizing redistribution size, are essential in GEN_BLOCK redistribution. Additionally, by adding a relocation phase to list scheduling, we make an optimal scheduling algorithm for GEN_BLOCK redistribution. To evaluate the performance of the algorithm, we have performed experiments on a CRAY T3E. According to the experiments, it was proven that the scheduling algorithm shows better performance and that the conditions are critical in enhancing the communication speed of GEN_BLOCK redistribution.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2001.11c
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• pp.446-449
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 태풍의 진로와 세기를 ES_BLRNN을 이용해 예측하였다. 기존의 방법인 수치모델이나. CLIPER모델을 사용함에 있어서, 통계적 방법인 CLIPER모델은 예측성능면에서 수치모델보다 그 성능이 떨어지고, 반면에 수치모델의 성능은 CLIPER 모델에 비해 우수하나 슈퍼컴퓨터(Cray-2S, FUSITSU)를 이용하여야만 예보가 가능한 제약점을 가지고 있다. 또한 수치모델을 슈퍼컴퓨터로 계산할 경우 약 30분 정도가 소요되는 점을 감안할 때, ES_BLRNN은 이들의 단점을 보안할 수 있는 하나의 방편이라 생각된다. 게다가 ES_BLRNN의 경우 개인용 컴퓨터로도 충분히 사용 가능할 만큼 비용이 저렴하고, 681개의 태풍을 학습할 때 결리는 시간은 약 5분 정도이며, 146개의 태풍을 예측하는데 걸리는 시간은 약 3초 정도(Pentium MMX 200 Processor, RAM 64m, OS: RedHat LINUX 5.2. language ; ANSI-C)로써, 슈퍼컴퓨터나 CLIPER모델에 비해 훨씬 빠르게 결과를 볼 수 있다.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.20-27
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• 2000

An unstructured implicit Euler solver is parallelized on a Cray T3E. Spatial discretization is accomplished by a cell-centered finite volume formulation using an upwind flux differencing. Time is advanced by the Gauss-Seidel implicit scheme. Domain decomposition is accomplished by using the k-way n-partitioning method developed by Karypis. In order to analyze the parallel performance of the solver, flows over a 2-D NACA 0012 airfoil and 3-D F-5 wing were investigated.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.463-466
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 메시지 패싱 전송을 기반으로 하는 병렬 처리 시스템의 상호연결망 구조와 특성을 조사하고 비교한다. 특히, 상용 시장에서 널리 알려진 대표적인 병렬 처리 시스템의 상호연결망 특성과 ETRI에서 개발된 고속 병렬 컴퓨터(SPAX)의 계층 크로스바 상호 연결망(Xcent-Net) 특성을 상호 비교한다. 메시지 패싱 전송 기반의 상호연결망은 일반적으로 확장성이 우수하여 대규모 병렬 처리 시스템을 구축하는데 유리하다. Cray T3E 시스템, Intel ASCI TFLOPS 시스템, Tandem Himalaya S70000 시스템, IBM RS6000 SP2 시스템등은 메시지 패싱 상호연결망을 기반으로 수백개에서 수천개의 대규모 프로세서를 연결한 병렬 처리 시스템이다. ETRI SPAX 시스템은 Xcent-Net 메시지 패싱 상호연결망을 기반으로 최대 256개 프로세서를 연결한 고속 병렬 처리 시스템으로 우수한 확장성과 높은 성능을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 상호연결망의 구조와 함께 라우팅 스위치 구조 및 특성을 중심으로 전송 지연시간, 그리고 노드당 전송 대역폭 특성을 비교한다.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.193-200
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• 1999

An unstructured implicit Euler solver is parallelized on a Cray T3E. Spatial discretization is accomplished by a cell-centered finite volume formulation using an unpwind flux differencing. Time is advanced by the Gauss-Seidel implicit scheme. Domain decomposition is accomplished by using the k-way N-partitioning method developed by Karypis. In order to analyze the parallel performance of the solver, flows over a 2-D NACA 0012 airfoil and a 3-D F-5 wing were investigated.

• Atmosphere
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.207-216
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• 2007

The Moving-nest Typhoon Model (MTM) was installed on the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA)'s CRAY X1E in 2006 and started its test operation in August 2006 to provide track and intensity forecasts of tropical cyclones. In this study, feasibility of the MTM forecast is compared with the Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System (GDAPS) of the KMA and the operational typhoon forecast models in the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), from the sixth tropical cyclone to the twentieth in 2006. Forecast skills in terms of the storm position error of the two KMA models were comparable, but MTM showed a slightly better ability. While both GDAPS and MTM produced larger errors than JMA models in track forecast, the predicted intensity was much improved by MTM, making it comparable to the JMA's typhoon forecast model. It is believed that the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) bogus initialization method in MTM improves the ability to forecast typhoon intensity.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.82-90
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a CD program of applied logotherapy to improve the quality of life of older school-age children with terminal cancer. Methods: Keller's ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction) theory and a model for developing learning materials (Dick and Cray) were applied to develop this program which comprised four distinct phases: planning, developing, applying, and evaluation stages. Results: This program was entitled 'Finding treasures in my mind' and consisted of 5 sessions, and its educational contents were made up as follows: "Treasure One" is 'learning three natures of the human mind', "Treasure Two" is 'learning creative value as first method to find meaning of life', "Treasure Three" is 'learning experiential value as second method to find meaning of life', "Treasure Four" is 'learning attitudinal value as third method to find meaning of life', and "Treasure Five" is 'Becoming the master of my life'. The sub-menu was made up of 'Beginning', 'What is it?', 'Travelling'. 'Laughing Song', and 'End'. Conclusion: This CD program is an applied logotherapy with flash animation technique as an emotional and spiritual intervention program for easier and more scientific application in pediatric oncology and hospice area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.100-109
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• 1994

In this study, it is investigated that the possibility of the numerical simulation for the incineration of the hazardous material, crbon tetrachloride($CCl_4$). A 3-dimensional numerical technology is applied for turbulent reacting flows of the full-scale Dow Chemical incinerator. The calculations are made by a CRAY-2S, super computer. The major parameters considered in this study are kiln revolution rate (rpm), filling ratio of the solid waste(f), burner Injection velocity and angle, and turbulent air jets for swirl. And the employed turbulent reaction model is the eddy break-up model which is a kind of fast chemistry model assuming general equilibrium and used for a premixed flame. The calculated flow fields are presented and discussed. 1) The presence of turbulent air nozzles for swirl gives rise to visible increase of the convective motion over the region of the solid waste. This implies the possibility to enhance the mixing of the waste with the surrounding all and thereby to reduce thermal and species stratification, which were reported in a large rotary kiln operation. 2) Considering that the location of the recirculation region has a strong relation with the heating rate of the solid waste, the control of the recirculation region by the burner injection angle Is quite desirable in the sense of the flexible design of the rotary kiln incinerator for a carbon tetrachloride. 3) Finally, it is found that the eddy break-up model Is not suitable for carbon tetrachloride($CCl_4$) because this model is not incorporated the flame inhibition trend due to the presence $CCl_4$compound.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.2 s.58
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• pp.191-199
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• 2005

The community structure, vertical distribution and harpacticoids composition of the meiofauna community were observed from five stations in Marian Cove, King George Island and one station on the northeastern side of Nelson Island. Sample was taken by a free-fall corer in December 2002. Generally, 11 taxa of meiofauna were found, and meiofauna abundance ranged from 322 to 1575 indiv. $10cm^{-2}$ (mean 781 indiv. $10cm^{-2}$). Nematodes were the most dominant group, making up $89\%$ of total meiofauna, followed by harpacticoids $(6.8\%)$. Benthic harpacticoids appeared 19 species of nine families at all the stations, and most various taxa appeared at station B (13 species of seven families). For vertical distribution, more than $70\%$ of meiofauna was concentrated in the upper $0\~2cm$ sediment layers, and the density abruptly decreased with depth in all the stations. Total biomass of meiofauna varied between 41 and $360{\mu}gC\;10cm^{-2}$, and overall mean biomass was $205{\mu}gC\;10cm^{-2}$. Also nematodes had the highest percentage of total maiofauna biomass $(62.4\%)$. The analysis results of Canonical Correspondence Analysis between meiofauna community and sediment grain size showed that polychaets, oligochaets and cumaceans were influenced by silt&cray, and sand, granule and pebble had a influence on harpacticoids, kinorhynchs and ostracods respectively. But nematodes were not affected by sediment grain size.