• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.401-401
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 기타재배지(벚나무재배지)에서 발생하는 비점오염물질 유출 및 수질특성을 살펴보고자 2014년 5월부터 9월까지의 총 12회의 강우사상에 대해 유출특성을 분석하고 오염물질별 유량가중평균농도(Event Mean Concentration, EMC) 및 오염부하를 산정하였다. 모니터링 기간동안 2.6~95.8 mm의 강우가 발생하였으며, 조사된 총 12회의 event 중 단 2회 유출이 발생하였다. 강우강도는 0.33~5.28 mm/hr의 범위로 나타났으며, 선행무강우일수는 0.6~21.2일, 총 유출량은 $0.92{\sim}20.75m^3$, 유출율은 0.03~0.18의 범위로 나타났다. 강우모니터링 결과, EMC는 TOC 3.4~10.3 mg/L(평균 6.9 mg/L), BOD 6.3~6.9 mg/L(평균 6.6 mg/L), COD 22.0~28.8 mg/L(평균 25.4 mg/L), SS 101.8~962.8 mg/L(평균 532.3 mg/L), T-N 4.295~11.864 mg/L(평균 8.080 mg/L) 그리고 T-P 1.109~1.582 mg/L(평균 1.346 mg/L)의 범위로 나타났으며, 각 강우사상에 대한 단위면적당 오염부하는 TOC 0.08~0.58 kg/ha, BOD5 0.05~1.07kg/ha, CODMn 0.22~3.76 kg/ha, SS 0.77~164.4 kg/ha, T-N 0.090~0.734 kg/ha, T-P 0.008~0.270 kg/ha의 범위로 산정되었다. 벚나무재배지의 수질 항목간 Pearson 상관계수를 분석한 결과, 항목 중 $COD_{Mn}$가 다른 수질항목과 유의성을 갖고 높은 상관관계가 나타나 초기유출효과 분석을 위한 대표 수질항목으로 선정하였다. 벚나무재배지의 경우 초기유출 발생에 의한 오염부하의 급격한 증가는 나타나지 않았으며, 누적오염부하량비의 그래프에서는 대부분의 강우사상에서 기울기가 직선에 가깝게 나타났다. 기타재배지의 경우 대부분 투수지역으로 초기세척효과가 비교적 작은 것으로 나타났으며, 지속적으로 오염물질을 배출하는 특성을 보이는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.91-100
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• 2006

In this study, the characterization of unit load generation and discharge from various type stall of piggery was conducted by investigation and analysis of contaminants loading from piggery urine, manure and wastewater. The results are summarized as follows: The unit load generation of filth increases as piggery grow older, but there was not large enough difference among those values of unit load evaluated for various stall types if mean values of each type of stall are considered. The generation amounts of manure and urine were total 4.57kg/head/d of 1.49kg manure/head/d and 3.08kg urine/head/d with consideration of 3 seasons and live weight. The finalized mean unit load generation of filth were estimated at BOD 199.5g/head/d, $COD_{cr}\;413.5g/head/d$, T-N 27.8g/head/d, T-P 5.3g/head/d with consideration of seasons and the type of stalls. The wastewater unit loads discharged from cement type stall were estimated at BOD 31.3g/head/d, $COD_{cr}\;95.6g/head/d$, T-N 8.9g/head/d, T-P가 3.1g/head/d. The sum of manure unit load generation considered with manure collection ratio(80%, 90%) and wastewater unit load was almost similar when compared to the unit load discharged from slurry type stall even though more or less difference were appeared according to each contaminants and parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.1991-1994
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• 2008

우리나라는 도시화, 산업화에 따른 수질저하 및 용수확보 문제를 해결하기 위하여 각종 환경기초시설의 증설과 수질개선을 위한 대책을 수립하여 왔다. 그러나 점오염원에 국한한 수질개선은 한계가 있었으며, 1995년 환경부는 전국 비점오염원 조사를 통해 비점오염원이 수질오염에 기여하는 비율이 T-N, SS는 50% 이상을 점유하고 기타 BOD, T-P도 $20{\sim}30%$ 수준임을 밝힌 바 있다. 이에 정부는 오염총량관리제를 도입하여 비점오염원의 관리를 시작하였으나, 강우시 정확한 유량자료를 바탕으로한 수질 측정자료의 부족으로 비점오염원 관리에 있어 어려움이 따르고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 비점오염원 관리 및 연구를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있도록 수도권 및 인근지역 주민의 식수원인 팔당호로 직유입되고, 정확한 수질자료 확보가 필요한 경안 수위관측소 지점에서 2007년 6월${\sim}$9월에 일어난 강우 중 4개의 강우사상에 대하여, 수질측정을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 이용한 유량자료는 2007년 수위-유량관계곡선식으로 산정한 환산 유량이며, 실측한 수질자료를 바탕으로한 유량과 부하량의 관계는 통계학적으로 분석하였다. 수질측정 항목은 수온, DO, pH, EC, SS, BOD, CODMn, CODCr, T-N, T-P 등이며, BOD의 농도는 2개의 강우사상에서만 분석하였다. 현장에서 휴대용미터를 이용하여 수온, DO, pH, EC를 측정하였고, 나머지 항목은 한국건설기술연구원내 환경정밀분석 센타에 의뢰하였다. 각 항목별 유량-부하량 관계식은 기존의 지수식이 아닌 선형이나 다항식으로 산정하였다. 다항식으로 산정된 식의 결정계수($R^2$)는 BOD, T-N 항목을 제외한 각 항목에서 0.6 이상의 값을 가졌다. 항목별로 보면 SS는 0.90, $COD_{Mn}$은 0.87, $COD_{Cr}$은 0.84, T-P는 0.62의 값을 가졌다. 또한, T-N은 0.53, BOD는 0.32의 값을 가져 유량과 부하량의 관계가 거의 상관성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. BOD의 경우는 4개의 강우사상 중 2개의 강우사상에서만 분석되어 다른 항목에 비해 실측자료가 부족한 관계로 그 특성을 판단하기 어려웠다. 본 연구가 주로 홍수기에 이루어져 실측자료가 많지 않았기 때문에 본 연구의 대상지점을 대표할 수 있는 유량-부하량 관계식으로는 미흡한 한 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구자료를 기초로 장기간 많은 자료를 확보하여 유량-부하량 관계식을 수정 보완한다면, 차후 비점오염원 관리의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2008

This study was conducted to evaluate water quality and pollutant loads on small agricultural watershed in Jeonbuk province. The EC level of investigated watershed ranged from 0.07 to 0.52 dS/m, BOD level ranged from 0.1 to 5.0 mg/L, and $COD_{Cr}$ level ranged from 0.6 to 17.7 mg/L. As above, contents of water quality indicators covered wide range, but each indicator was alike in mean content every other year. The contents of EC, $Ca^{2+},\;Mg^{2+},\;K^+\;and\;Na^+$ were decreased in rainy season, but the contents of BOD, $COD_{Cr},\;COD_{Mn}$, T-N and T-P were not greatly different as compared to dry season. And high content of SS showed substantial sediments near the surface flow out and influence on water system in rainy season. The pollutant loads measured in terminal of watershed were $9.6{\sim}757.9$ kg/day for BOD, $51.2{\sim}1418.5$ kg/day for T-N and $0.3{\sim}44.7$ kg/day for T-P. The pollutant loads of BOD, T-N and T-P in rainy season increased several times as compared to dry season. In rainy season, watershed with more than 30% in the proportion of paddy field to land showed relatively low discharge and pollutant loads in comparison to watershed with less than 30%. The discharge of watershed in rainy season increased 5.7times compared with the dry season in watershed with less than 30% in the proportion of paddy field to land, whereas was only 2.3times in watershed with more than 30%. The correlation coefficient($R^2$) of regression between discharge and pollutant loads of T-N were higher than those of BOD and T-P.

• Clean Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to find the optimum condition of the high removal efficiency of water pollutant as sewage treatment technology using a filtering bed charged with porous sintering-pellet which was planted with hydrophytes. Experiment was carried out by changing concentration of water pollutants(COD, T-N, T-P), kind of hydrophyte, kinds of filtering material and size, and HRT. The result of removal efficiency was obtained as following: COD removal 73.8~87.1% for input concentration range of 50~450mg/L, T-N removal 61.3~77.3% for input concentration range of 7~124mg/L, T-P removal 89.5~99.1% for input concentration ranger of 3~27mg/L. In a comparative experiment of three kinds of hydrophyte(Iris pseudoacorus, Phragmites communis $T_{RIN}$., Oenanthe javanica Dc.), the best removal efficiency of COD and T-N was gained with Iris pse-udoacorus, and Phragmites communis $T_{RIN}$ showed better result than two hydrophytes for the removal efficiency of T-P. In a comparative experiment of four kinds of filtering-materials, the removal efficiencies were in the order of porous sintering-pellet, gravel, nonused-tire and nonused-concrete. It was found that for the porous sintering-pellet, the smaller its diameter, the better its result. In the filtering bed in which was charged with porous sintering-pellets of 5mm diameter and planted with Iris pseudoacorus, the removal efficiency of COD, T-N and T-P were over 80%, 70% and 90% under the concentration of COD 250mg/L, T-N 70mg/L and T-P 15mg/L for 24hrs treatment. Thus, we concluded that a filtering bed charged with porous sintering-pellet and planted with hydrophytes will be suitable for treatment of sewage water as a pro-natural treatment technology.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2022

In this study, rainfall water outlet water quality monitoring was performed on the C industrial complex to evaluate the characteristics of non-point pollutant runoff from the industrial complex during rainfall and to use it as basic data for calculating the load and unit of non-point pollutant. As a result of calculating EMC according to the outflow amount by rainfall event, the 1st rainfall showed EMCs ranges of BOD, COD_Mn, SS, T-N, and T-P of 1.32~48.76, 3.32~43.75, 2.89~199.43, 2.76~8.93, 0.08~068, and the 2nd rainfall was 0.5~2.9, 2.71~7.13, 2.82~174.94, 1.33~4.03, 0.01~1.28 mg/L, respectively. As a result of calculating the ratio of cumulative outflow and cumulative pollution load, most of the pollution load was less than the rainfall outflow, but over time, the initial washing phenomenon occurred as the ratio of cumulative rainfall outflow and cumulative pollution load increased to more than 1.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.414-429
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• 2020

For the management of rivers, the target water quality is set by establishing the total amount of water pollution and water environment basic plan. For Geumho river T-P has achieved the target water quality, but for BOD, COD, TOC the target water quality of the water environment basic plan has been exceed for the past five years. Therefore, the flow rate for satisfying the target water quality was simulated by analyzing the load, load density, and pollution contribution rate of the Geumho river using BOD, COD, TOC and by utilizing QUAL-MEV a one-dimensional water quality model. According to the analysis of the load, the BOD, COD and TOC all showed the highest levels at the Geumho C point at 9,832.2 kg/day 20,656.6 kg/day, and 15,545.1 kg/day. The load density was highest at 9.47 kg/day/㎢, 37.55 kg/day/㎢, 30.20 kg/day/㎢, and 17.19 kg/day/㎢, 39.14 kg/day/㎢ in Dalseocheon stream during the wet seasons and dry seasons. Pollution contribution rate was highest at about 25 percent for Palgeocheon stream during the wet season and about 50 percent for Dalseocheon stream during the dry season. In addition, the correlation analysis between organic materials showed in the main stream and tributaty of the Geumho river that COD-TOC was 0.8 or higherthan BOD-COD and BOD-TOC in both the wet seasons and dry seasons. And after surveying the total amount of water pollution and the target quality of the water environment basic plan at Geumho C, it was analyzed that an additional flow tate of 14 times and 22 times was needed as of April 2019 (3.46 ㎥/sec).

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.288-291
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• 2004

강우유출수의 오염기원별 기여도를 파악하고자 홍제천 유역의 구기 배수분구를 대상으로 강우시 유량 및 오염물질 발생경향 및 오염기원별 오염도 분석 등에 대하여 살펴보았다. 강우시 발생초기의 오염물질의 농도는 강우에 의한 초기세척현상(First Flush)에 의해 상당히 높게 나타났으며, 강우초기의 높은 오염물질의 농도는 강우에 의해 희석되어 일시적으로 낮아졌다가 높은 강우강도에 의하여 급격히 상승하였으며, 이후 오염물질의 농도는 유량의 감소에 따라 점차적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 물질수지식을 이용한 근사적인 오염부하의 오염원별 기여도 분석에서 관거 퇴적물에 의한 오염도가 COD $27.7\%$, SS $47.5\%$로 나타났으며 지역에 따라서는 건기 하수보다도 더 높은 기여도를 보이고 있어 월류수 오염부하의 제어측면에서 정기적인 관거내 퇴적물의 준설과 세정을 통하여 상당량의 오염부하를 저감시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.757-764
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• 2000

The investigation of water quality was performed at the upstream of Seomjinkang dam reservoir for the examination of pollutant load characteristics of the reservoir watershed during flood and normal flow periods. The highest water quality concentration was occurred at Y ongsan during normal flow period where it has been more polluted by population and livestock than other sites. Pollutant load varied depending on the sampling site, rainfall intensity and antecedent precipitation during the rainy period. Based on the water quality data measured from 1998 to 1999, the average concentration during rainy period was much higher than that of non~rainy period: BOD was 1.2~1.4 times, COD 1.2~1.7 times, SS 2.6~5.4 times, T-N 2.3~3.0 times, and T-P 2.4~7.5 times respectively. When the pollutant load measured during 7 different rainy periods in 1999 was compared with total pollutant load in 1999, the BOD and COD load measured during the 7 different rainy periods were 28% that is about 1.6 times as high as those of 1999. On the other hand, the rainfall amount measured during the 7 different rainy periods was about 17.5% of total rainfall amount in 1999. The total pollutant load of TN and TP measured during the 7 different rainy periods was almost 50% of total TN and TP loads in 1999. In case of SS, it was 72.8%. It was concluded that the inflow of pollutants into the lake during the rainy period held a high portion of total inflow in 1999. It was suggested that long~term water quality monitoring be performed to better quantity pollutant load to the lake especially during rainy periods.eriods.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.413-422
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• 2014

In national water quality policy, it changed previous regulation method that focuses on concentration of pollutants in effluent water to the way that regulates total amount of pollutants. The target of water quality in watershed of each river was set up, as the government instituted Total Maximum Daily Loads(TMDL). In order to accomplish successfully TMDL, it requires that the amount of pollutant loads discharged from point and nonpoint pollutant source should be investigated. This study, therefore, conducted the monitoring of the stormwater runoff at field region in farming area. And pollutants loads and unit loads discharged from field region results is calculated. As a result, the concentration of pollutants were calculated as follows: 10.5 BOD mg/L, 19.6 $COD_{Mn}$ mg/L, 4.5 TN mg/L and 2.4 TP mg/L. The unit load of BOD, $COD_{Mn}$, TOC, TSS, TN and TP discharged from field region, also, were determined to $31.8kg/km^2/yr$, $56.7kg/km^2/yr$, $8.5kg/km^2/yr$, $560.9kg/km^2/yr$, $8.3kg/km^2/yr$ and $5.1kg/km^2/yr$, respectively. It was identified that there were some differences of unit loads between the results obtained from this study and previous one. To calculate exact unit loads, therefore, long term monitoring should be conducted.