• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.37 no.11
• /
• pp.929-938
• /
• 2004

In this study, Miho stream basin(Seokhwa water level gauging station) In Geum river, Flood control main station of Geum River Flood Control Office, is selected. Hydrologic topographical informations are calculated using WMS which is hydrologic analysis software coupled with GIS Method, and flood analysis is accomplished by HEC-1 included In WMS. To calculate the effective rainfall CN values of SCS are used. Clark, Snyder and SCS methods are selected respectively to derive unit hydrograph. This study shows the applicability of GIS techniques to runoff simulation in ungauged basin by comparing with actual measured flood hydrograph. As a results, Snyder(Tulsa) method and Clark (Herby) method is suitable to Miho stream basin. But Snyder(Tulsa) method is suitable more than Clark(Herby) method. And according to the degree of urbanization, the peak discharge has increased and the peak time has tended to decrease.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.216-216
• /
• 2017

제주지역의 하천은 일정강우 이상 발생 시 하천 표층이 포화된 후 갑작스러운 유출이 발생되며, 강우에 의해 점진적으로 하천유량이 증가하는 내륙지역 하천과는 다른 유출특성을 보인다. 그러나 제주지역 하천특성에 관한 연구는 최근부터 진행되어 현재까지도 내륙지역의 하천계획의 방법을 적용되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 제주도 한천유역을 대상으로 국내에서 적용되는 설계홍수량 산정방법을 적용하여 문제점을 도출하고, 지형 및 지역특성을 분석하여 설계홍수량 산정 시 매개변수의 적용방안을 개선하였다. 홍수량 검증을 위해 보유하고 있는 현장관측 자료 중 가장 큰 첨두유량이 발생한 3개의 사상을 선정하여 비교하였다. 기존 홍수량 산정방법을 이용하여 한천유역의 유출량을 산정한 결과 78.7 ~ 317.8 cms, 14.3 ~ 37.5%의 오차율로 관측자료 대비 큰 오차를 범하는 것으로 검토되었다. 한천유역의 상류지역은 45%로 매우 급한 경사형태를 보이고, CN산정 시 경사보정을 통해 홍수량을 산정한 결과 기존의 유출특성 대비 1.47 ~ 6.45% 개선되었다. 관측자료 기반 강우-유출의 최적화 기법을 통해 산정된 도달시간을 적용하여 홍수량을 산정한 결과 4.39 ~ 16.67% 개선되었으며, 한천유역을 소유역으로 구분하여 홍수량을 산정한 결과 9.92 ~32.96% 개선된 결과가 도출되었다. 이러한 결과는 지역별 함양특성과 급한 경사 특성, 토지이용에 따른 유역특성이 적용되고, 지역별 초기손실이 반영되어 홍수유출곡선이 실제 관측자료와 유사하게 나타나는 것으로 기존방법의 경우 전체 유역에 평균값이 일괄적으로 적용되기 때문에 실제관측자료와 큰 오차를 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2014

Redox complexes to transport electrons from enzyme to electrodes are very important part in glucose sensor. Pentacyanoferrate-bound aniline ($Fe(CN)_5$-aminopyridine), was prepared as a potential redox mediator in a glucose dehydrogenase (GDH)-glucose sensor. The synthesized pyridyl-$NH_2$ to pentacyanoferrate was characterized by the electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. A amperometric enzyme-linked electrode was developed based on GDH, which catalyses the oxidation of glucose. Glucose was detected using GDH that was co-immobilized with an $Fe(CN)_5$-aminopyridine and gold nano-particles (AuNPs) on ITO electrodes. The $Fe(CN)_5$-aminopyridine and AuNPs immobilized onto ITO electrodes provided about a two times higher electrochemical response compared to that of a bare ITO electrode. As glucose was catalyzed by wired GDH, the electrical signal was monitored at 0.4 V versus Ag/AgCl by cyclic voltammetry. The anode currents was linearly increased in proportion to the glucose concentration over the 0~10 mM range.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.699-705
• /
• 2020

In this study, a facial way to enhance the electrical properties of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) via the solution process doping method based on the poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(4,4'-(N-(4-sec-butylphenyl) diphenylamine)] (TFB) as a hole transporting layer (HTL) is demonstrated. In the TFB solution of the hole transport material, 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) was doped by 3 wt% to improve the electrical properties of the HTL. According, the OLED with HAT-CN doped TFB showed the increased current density and luminance at the same driving voltage on behalf of the improved conductivity of HTL, and the reduced turn-on voltage from 13 V to 9 V. Furthermore, the maximum external quantum efficiency was dramatically increased three times from 3.6 to 10.8 % compared to the reference device without appling doping methode.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.157-169
• /
• 2009

The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of implant abutment screw coating treatment on joint stability, investigating mechanical properties of these. For this study used $ExFeel^{(R)}$ external hexed implant system and $15mm{\times}1mm$ discs. Experimental group was $1{\mu}m$ TiN, TiCN, TiC coated abutment screws and discs. To know mechanical property, i evaluated adhesion strength, surface hardness, using disc, corrosion test using screw. The results were as follows : rotation angle of coated screws increased than that of non-coated screw because of lower friction coefficient, especially TiC coated screw group had the largest value, but removal torque decreased in all coated screws (p<0.05). Torque loss before and after fatigue test was the smallest in TiC-coated screws, and the largest in non-coated screws (p<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference between dry condition and wet condition of screws because of higher surface hardness and lower friction coefficient. From the above results, TiN, TiCN, TiC coating group had high abrasion resistance, especially TiC coated group which had low torque-consuming, high rotation angle as low friction coefficient will be considered to influence on implant abutment screw joint stability positively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.02a
• /
• pp.163-163
• /
• 2013

최근 들어서 유연 OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diodes) 소자에 대한 연구가 증가하면서 전통적인 ITO 전극을 대체할 수 있는 전극물질 후보로 그래핀이 많은 주목을 받고 있다. 그 중에 CVD 방법으로 합성된 다층 그래핀(Few layer graphene, FLG)은 실제 상용화되는 소자에 응용이 될 가능성이 높아 많은 연구가 이 방향으로 진행되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 다층 그래핀과 유기물질 사이의 계면을 전자분광학 분석을 이용해 각 분자층 사이의 에너지 준위 변화에 대해 분석했다. 에너지 준위 정렬을 이용하면 각 분자층간의 정공주입 에너지장벽을 알 수 있는데 이 에너지 장벽은 소자의 효율에 직접적으로 연관되는 값이다. 정공 주입층 물질로는 TAPC 1,1- Bis[4-[N,N'-di(p-tolyl)amino]phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC)를 사용했고, 다층 그래핀과 TAPC층 사이의 에너지 준위 정렬을 분석한 결과 다층 그래핀과 TAPC층 사이에는 ~1.4 eV의 에너지 장벽이 존재함을 확인했다. 하지만 OLED 소자로 활용하기 위해서는 이보다 더 낮은 에너지 장벽을 필요로 하기 때문에 두 물질 사이에 4,4'-bis(N-phenyl-1-naphthylamino)biphenyl (NPB), 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN)을 삽입하여 에너지 장벽을 낮추기 위한 시도를 해 보았다. 그래핀과 TAPC 사이에 중간층으로 NPB를 사용했을 때의 에너지 장벽은 0.55 eV, HAT-CN을 사용했을 때는 0.4 eV로 TAPC만 사용했을 때보다 ~1 eV정도 에너지 장벽을 낮추는 효과를 보여줬다. 이 연구를 통해 다층 그래핀을 OLED 소자의 전극으로 활용할 수 있는 가능성을 볼 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.155-162
• /
• 1984

Kinetic studies for the nucleophilic substitution reactions of para-substituted benzyl bromides and benzyl iodide with anilines were carried out in MeOH-MeCN mixtures at 35.0$^{\circ}$C. Hammett $ {\rho}_N,\;{\rho}_C$, Bronsted $ {\beta}$ and solvatochromic correlation coefficient a, s values were determined in order to clarify the transition state variations caused by changing nucleophiles, substituents, leaving group and solvents. The results of solvatochromic equation showed that ${\pi}^{ast}$effect was a dominant factor for the reaction systems studied. It was shown that the reaction proceeds via the dissociative $S_N$2 mechanism using the potential energy surface model approach. The potential energy surface model approach however failed to account for the transition state variation due to leaving group changes. The quatum mechanical approach showed that kinetic results were consistent with proposed dissociative $S_N$2 mechanism.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.56-68
• /
• 1997

This work was intended to study the effect of a partial pressure ratio and a total pressure of reactive gases on the properties of TiC$_{x}$N$_{1-x}$ . coated layer. In this regard, various TiC$_{x}$N$_{1-x}$ coatings were synthesized with C2112 and N2 Mixture gas of different compositions by Arc Ion Plating process which has been highlighted for an industrial purpose. It was revealed from colors and X-ray diffraction patterns that the concentration of carbon of a TiC$_{x}$N$_{1-x}$ coating increases with a partial pressure ratio (PC$_{2}$H$_{2}$/PN$_{2}$) as well as a total pressure Of $C_{2}$H$_{2}$ and N$_{2}$ mixture gas. Accordingly, the hardness of TiC$_{x}$N$_{1-x}$ coated layer increased but the adhesion to the substrate of SKH 51 was degraded. On the other hand, the deposition rate was independent of a partial pressure ratio and a total pressure of mixture gas. It was found that a uniform gas distribution is critical for an industrial application since the composition of a coating depends strongly on the location of a substrate inside of the furnace. As a result of milling tests with different TiC$_{x}$N$_{1-x}$ coated end mills, the one which has a low carbon concentration was better than others studied in this work.d in this work.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.429-437
• /
• 2004

The mobileip working group is equipped with the RR(Return Routabilit) taking the simple procedures and small amount of cryptographic operations by considering the processing capability of the mobile node however it dose not provide security features enough. To replace with enhanced methods, mobileip WG is making an effort to find the approved solutions include CGA(Craptographically Generated Address), IPsec(Internet Protocol Security) as well as the existing infrastructure such as AAA(Authentication, Authorization and Account) and PKI(Public Key Infrastructure). In this paper, we propose the authentication and route optimization based on AAA suitable for the requested security service for its successful story in wireless network such as 802.11 and 3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project) as well as wired one. We analyze the effectiveness of our scheme according to the traffic and mobility properties. The result shows the cost reduction up to 20 percent comparing with RR.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.28 no.9A
• /
• pp.728-735
• /
• 2003

It is a mainly issue that provide mobility smoothly in Mobile IP networks. The IP mobility support being standardized in the IETF utilized tunneling of IP packets from a home agent to foreign agent and utilized reverse tunneling of IP packets from foreign agent to home agent. In this paper, We propose that solve the triangular routing problem in IP mobility and that lessen the messages about IETF routing optimization. Through the Mobile Routing Table on the edge router, agent process the message instead of a end node when handoff occur and that lessen the routing path length by sending directly from FA to to Correspond Node's router. This action lessen the message occurrence frequency and the packet drop. We compare the standard IP, Routing Optimization of Mobile IP, Wu's method and the proposed algorithm. Finally, the simulation results are presented.