• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.1716-1723
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• 2017

The rapid dissemination of extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has significantly contributed to public health hazard globally. A total of 281 E. coli strains recovered from pigs and chickens between 2009 and 2015 in South Korea were analyzed for ESBL production. ESBL phenotypes were recognized in 14 E. coli isolates; ten and three ESBL-producing isolates carried only $bla_{CTX-M}$ and $bla_{CMY}$ genes, respectively, and one isolate harbored both genes. The predominant CTX-M and CMY types were CTX-M-15 (n = 8) and CMY-2 (n = 3). We also detected ESBL-producing isolates harboring $bla_{CTX-M-65}$, $bla_{CTX-M-14}$, $bla_{CMY-6}$, $bla_{DHA-1}$, and $bla_{TEM-1}$ genes. All ESBL-producing isolates showed resistance to the extent of the fourth generation cephalosporins, along with multidrug resistance. CTX-M-15-producing isolates showed higher MIC values than CTX-M-14- and CTX-M-65-producing isolates. The $bla_{CTX-M}$ and $bla_{CMY}$ genes have the potential to be transferable. The spreading of $bla_{CMY}$ and $bla_{CTX-M}$ genes was arbitrated mainly via Frep and IncI1 plasmids. Our isolates showed clonal diversity in PFGE analysis. This is the first report of E. coli isolates carrying $bla_{CMY-6}$ in chicken from South Korea. The emergence of CMY-6 ESBLs in a population of poultry suggests that extensive screening with long-term surveillance is necessary to prevent the dissemination of ESBL from chicken to human.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2014

In this paper, we proposed a method for face region extraction by skin-color hue, saturation and facial feature extraction in natural images. The proposed algorithm is composed of lighting correction and face detection process. In the lighting correction step, performing correction function for a lighting change. The face detection process extracts the area of skin color by calculating Euclidian distances to the input images using as characteristic vectors color and chroma in 20 skin color sample images. Eye detection using C element in the CMY color model and mouth detection using Q element in the YIQ color model for extracted candidate areas. Face area detected based on human face knowledge for extracted candidate areas. When an experiment was conducted with 10 natural images of face as input images, the method showed a face detection rate of 100%.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.68-69
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• 2009

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.553-561
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• 2010

This paper proposed the face tracking method which can be effectively applied to the robot's vision system. The proposed algorithm tracks the facial areas after detecting the area of video motion. Movement detection of video images is done by using median filter and erosion and dilation operation as a method for removing noise, after getting the different images using two continual frames. To extract the skin color from the moving area, the color information of sample images is used. The skin color region and the background area are separated by evaluating the similarity by generating membership functions by using MIN-MAX values as fuzzy data. For the face candidate region, the eyes are detected from C channel of color space CMY, and the mouth from Q channel of color space YIQ. The face region is tracked seeking the features of the eyes and the mouth detected from knowledge-base. Experiment includes 1,500 frames of the video images from 10 subjects, 150 frames per subject. The result shows 95.7% of detection rate (the motion areas of 1,435 frames are detected) and 97.6% of good face tracking result (1,401 faces are tracked).

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.417-420
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• 2003

In order to study optimum culture condition of yeast medium added deep seawater, we examed samples with 9 yeast strains. The growth rate were measured for Saccharomyces cerevisiae 10, 11, 12, 901 and RCY and Saccharomyces kluyvery DJ97, Saccharomyces cerevisiae YJK, JK99, CMY-28 etc.. The growth of S. cerevisiae 12 was found most active in the deep seawater(hardness 500). The growth rate of S. cerevisiae 901 on medium containing deep seawater(hardness 1000) was faster than that of the yeast on medium without deep seawater. The use of deep seawater on the growth of Sacch.cerevisiae kluyvery DJ97 revealed maximum growth under the condition of hardness 200 of deep seawater and 10％ of sugar concentration.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.442-444
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• 2018

Recently, we isolated a multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strain KBN10P04869 from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. We report the complete genome of this strain which consists of 5,104,264 bp with 4,457 protein-coding genes, 88 tRNAs, and 22 rRNAs, and the co-occurrence of multidrug- resistant genes including $^{bla}CMY-2$, $^{bla}TEM-1$, $^{bla}CTX-M-15$, $^{bla}NDM-5$, and $^{bla}OXA-18$.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.672-679
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• 2011

In this paper, detection algorithm of face region based on skin color of in the TV images is proposed. In the first, reference image is set to the sampled skin color, and then the extracted of face region is candidated using the Euclidean distance between the pixels of TV image. The eye image is detected by using the mean value and standard deviation of the component forming color difference between Y and C through the conversion of RGB color into CMY color model. Detecting the lips image is calculated by utilizing Q component through the conversion of RGB color model into YIQ color space. The detection of the face region is extracted using basis of knowledge by doing logical calculation of the eye image and lips image. To testify the proposed method, some experiments are performed using front color image down loaded from TV color image. Experimental results showed that face region can be detected in both case of the irrespective location & size of the human face.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2004

This paper proposes the method that design CLUT(color look-up table) simultaneously processing gamut mapping and color space conversion using only CLUT without complex computation. After CLUT is constructed using scanner gamut and printer gamut, the scanner gamut is extended to include original scanner gamut. This extended scanner gamut is used as input CIE $L^{*}$ $a^{*}$ $b^{*}$ values for CLUT. Then CMY values are computed by using gamut mapping. Input RGB image of scanner is converted into CIE $L^{*}$ $a^{*}$ $b^{*}$ by using regression function. CIE $L^{*}$ $a^{*}$ $b^{*}$ values of scanner are converted into CMY values without computation of additional gamut mapping using the proposed CLUT. In the experiments, the proposed method resulted in the similar color difference, but reduced the complexity computation than the direct computing method to process gamut mapping and color space conversion respectively.espectively.ively.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2006

The emergence of extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase producing bacteria is causing very serious problems in Korea. Although there have been many reports about these bacteria Isolated from patients and clinical specimens, there is no report of extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase producing organisms isolated from natural environment in Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the biological characteristics and extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase types of eighteen strains of extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from a slaughterhouse in Pusan in Korea during 2002 to 2004. Extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamases were identified by double-disk synergy test, conjugation, isoelectric focusing values and gene sequencing. Eight strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and two strains of Eschericha coli were isolated kom pigs and transferred extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase genes to recipient Escherichia coli J53 (sodium azide resistant and ceftazidime senstive) strain by conjugation. The conjugants of extended spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase genes were alignments and translated to amino acids by BCM and NCBI blast. Eight conjugants of Klebsiella pneumonae were typed TEM-52, and two strains of Escherichia coli, SHV-12, but CMY-1 type were not detected in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 1984

Reproduced colors which are half-tone dot printed at the rate of 10, 20, 30, 100% half-tone dot area by each process ink-cyan, magenta and yellow ant at the rate of 10, 20, 30, 100% by the mean color mixing of black, cyan, magenta and yellow, are colorimetric analyzed by make use of the 1931 CIE XYZ system of color specification and matching the Munsell color system. With increased half-tone areas, 1. Yellow has ideal reflectance curve, but magneta has nonideal reflectance curve. 2. Yellow and cyan have almost standard dominant wavelengths but magenta has complementary wavelengths. 3. Yellow has higher excitation purities in primary colors, but low excitation purities in secondary and third colors. 4. Value function is decreased and generally the range of value function in chromaticity diafgram is extented. 5. The properties of black and CMY printed materials have not equality, therefore black process ink is necessery in half-tone printing process.