• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.4057-4060
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• 2015

Cigarette smoke contains oxidants and free radicals which are carcinogens that can induce mutations in humans. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most frequent genetic alterations found in the human genome. In the present study, we have examined the ability of the murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) (rs769412) A>G polymorphism in cigarette smokers to predict risk of cancers. Our results showed that of smokers, 87% were found with AA genotype, 10% with heterozygous AG genotype, and 3% with GG genotype. The heterozygous AG genotype was observed in a lower percentage of smokers (10%) as compared to non-smokers (18%), whereas, homozygous AA genotype was observed in lower percentage of non-smokers (81%) as compared to the smokers (87%). The results from present study support the association with an allele and AG genotype in non-smokers. However, further studies are required to establish the role of Mdm2 (rs769412) C>T in cigarettes smokers and diseases.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1489-1497
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• 2018

온라인 뉴스에 개인의 참여가 활성화되면서 댓글의 중요성은 더욱 커지고 있다. 특히 이용자들에게 많은 공감을 받는 '베스트 댓글'은 주된 여론으로 인식되고 큰 영향력을 가진다. 따라서 본 연구는 온라인 뉴스 댓글 데이터를 이용하여 베스트 댓글의 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 일반 댓글과 차이점을 보일 가능성이 있는 요소를 설정 후, 데이터를 수치화하여 일반 댓글과 베스트 댓글의 차이를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 최근 댓글 조작 등의 문제 해결에 실마리를 제공하고 개인 및 학술단체, 정부기관 등을 주체로 하여금 기초 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2010

To guarantee life time more than 20 years for manufacturer without stopping photovoltaic(PV) system, it is really important to test the module in realistic time and condition compared to outside weather. In here, we tested PV modules in highly stressed condition compared to IEC standards. In IEC 61215 and IEC 61646 standards, damp-heat, thermal cycle(TC200) and mechanical test are main test items for evaluating long-term durability of PV module in controlled temperature and humidity condition. So in this paper, we have lengthened the test time for TC200 and damp-heat test and increased the loading stress on surface of module. Through this test, we can get some clue of proper the method for measuring realistic life cycle of PV modules and suggested the minimum time for PV test method. The detail description is specified as the following paper.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.204-208
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• 1995

The cytologic findings of endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary are reported. The cytologic preperations were obtained from ascitic specimens. The findings on Papanicolaou-stained smears included a clean background and poorly preserved atypical cells loosely arranged in irregular or papillary groups. At high magnification, the cells had ill-defined and microvacuolated cytoplasms, with an increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and prominent nucleoli. Hyaline globules characteristic of the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-synthesizing cells of endodermal sinus tumor were observed within the cells with periodic-acid-Schiff(PAS) stain. The presence of PAS-positive hyaline globules can be regarded, therefore, as a diagnostic clue to endodermal sinus tumor in an appropriate clinical setting and in the presence of AFP production. The cytologic findings in a cell block is important, in addition to smears, to obtain more diagnostic clues. A preliminary cytomorphologic diagnosis of this highly malignant tumor is valuable as a guide in planning further immunocytochemical and serologic studies.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1996년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.421-425
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• 1996

A multimedia Version of ${\ulcorner}Lee-Kim test of Korean Articulation{\lrcorner}$ "Lee-Kim Test of Korean Articulation" consisting of picture test, Sentence test, user's manual and notation, analysis sheets was published in 1990 to serve as a standard tool for testing and analysing the articulation errors of normal and abnormal speakers. It has been found, however that, the picture and sentences test using the printed version of Lee-Kim test of Korean Articulation revealed several limitations, in i, e, a) inefficiency in inducing desirable response from the informants b) lack of concentration and interest on the part of informants c) no consistent way of providing the informant with a clue in case the informant is unfamiliar with the word represented by the picture or the sentence. d) no reliable means for the speech-language pathologist to analyze and evaluate the informant's speech in relation to the standard pronunciation A multimedia version of Lee-Kim Korean articulation Test which features picture and word as well as recorded voice has been developed with a view to eliminating the limitation mentioned above and facilitating the articulation test-with ease and accuracy.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2011

When observing an object in a space, a part of it is remembered into our perception in the time for paying attention or conscious observation and it reaches to our visual understanding. In this study, it examined characteristics by each subject through the process of visual understanding by changes in such observation time. The results from this study are summarized as belows: First, through analysis of the observation data focused on the distance between the observed points, it was able to apply those visual theories organized before to the analysis of characteristics of the time for understanding by each subject. Second, there showed big differences in the time for visual understanding by each subject according to changes in the observation time so that it was found that there were big differences according to the characteristics of subject's intention or purpose of the observation of a space. Third, as the number of continuous observation gives an important clue in judgement of how well the space was understood, it was able to compare and organize the mutual characteristics of the time the attention was concentrated, the time observed intentionally and the time understood visually. Fourth, it was found that the shorter subjects gave the intentional observation in observing a space, the longer they spent the time for paying attention, while the less they could understand it visually.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6321-6326
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• 2014

${\alpha}$-Methyl-n-butylshikonin (MBS), one of the active components in the root extracts of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, posses antitumor activity. In this study, we assess the molecular mechanisms of MBS in causing apoptosis of SW620 cells. MBS reduced the cell viability of SW620 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner and induced cell apoptosis. Treatment of SW620 cells with MBS down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulated the expression of Bak and caused the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, MBS treatment led to activation of caspase-9, caspase-8 and caspase-3, and cleavage of PARP, which was abolished by pretreatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. MBS also induced significant elevation in the phosphorylation of JNK and p38. Pretreatment of SW620 cells with specific inhibitors of JNK (SP600125) and p38 (SB203580) abrogated MBS-induced apoptosis. Our results demonstrated that MBS inhibited growth of colorectal cancer SW620 cells by inducing JNK and p38 signaling pathway, and provided a clue for preclinical and clinical evaluation of MBS for colorectal cancer therapy.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.8.1-8.6
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• 2011

Background: Thanks to the development of the mathematical/statistical reverse engineering and the high-throughput measuring biotechnology, lots of biologically meaningful genegene interaction networks have been revealed. Steady-state analysis of these systems provides an important clue to understand and to predict the systematic behaviours of the biological system. However, modeling such a complex and large-scale system is one of the challenging difficulties in systems biology. Results: We introduce a new stochastic modeling approach that can describe gene regulatory mechanisms by dividing two (DNA and protein) layers. Simple queuing system is employed to explain the DNA layer and the protein layer is modeled using G-networks which enable us to account for the post-translational protein interactions. Our method is applied to a transcription repression system and an active protein degradation system. The steady-state results suggest that the active protein degradation system is more sensitive but the transcription repression system might be more reliable than the transcription repression system. Conclusions: Our two layer stochastic model successfully describes the long-run behaviour of gene regulatory networks which consist of various mRNA/protein processes. The analytic solution of the G-networks enables us to extend our model to a large-scale system. A more reliable modeling approach could be achieved by cooperating with a real experimental study in synthetic biology.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.156-160
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• 2006

Poststructuralism gives us a clue to totally understand fashion design, which is in danger of difficulty and frivolous ambiguity caused by indiscreet creating and groundless interpretation of Postmodernism. In addition, it leads us to have a new viewpoint, which is freed from stereotyped past concepts and constraints, with regard to fashion design. The main purpose of this study is to examine the various theoretic systems and characteristic concepts of Poststructuralism, and supply a new cognizance frame to understand the processes of fashion design with free and varied notions of deconstruction and generation, in place of the former systematic and consistent interpretation of meaning. Concerning fashion design, present study employs a two-way research method: analysis of theories and analysis of contents. In analysis of theories, a cognizance frame is proposed that can categorize the concepts of cognizance are classified into Nonboundariness, Otherness, and Textualism, derived from various theories of Poststructuralism, as traits expressed in fashion design. In analysis of contents, 10 fashion designers are chosen who exhibit new works at every Pr$\hat{e}$t-$\acute{a}$-Porter collection. Including 20 works that those designers displayed at Pr$\hat{e}$t-$\acute{a}$-Porter from spring/summer 2001 through autumn/winter 2004-2005, a total of 200 works are analyzed.

• BMB Reports
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.703-708
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• 2006

During infection, the common respiratory tract pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae encounters several environmental conditions, such as upper respiratory tract, lung tissue, and blood stream, etc. In this study, we examined the effects of blood on S. pneumoniae protein expression using a combination of highly sensitive 2-dimensional electrophoresis (DE) and MALDI-TOF MS and/or LC/ESI-MS/MS. A comparison of expression profiles between the growth in THY medium and THY supplemented with blood allowed us to identify 7 spots, which increased or decreased two times or more compared with the control group: tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, lactate oxidase, glutamyl-aminopeptidase, L-lactate dehydrogenase, cysteine synthase, ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase, and orotate phosphoribosyltransferase. This global approach can provide a better understanding of S. pneumoniae adaptation to its human host and a clue for its pathogenicity.