• Title/Summary/Keyword: CLT

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Biological Distribution by Water Temperature and Refocus on the Theory of Critical Environmental Variation Quantum (수온환경변화에 따른 생물분포와 어업피해결정을 위한 임계환경변화량이론의 재조명)

  • Kang, Young-Joo;Kim, Ki-Soo
    • The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 2014
  • The study attempts to show that the theory of critical environmental variation quantum(CEVQ) has a sound logical basis and empirical support. It is well known that the theory of critical environmental variation quantum is derived from the theory of biological probability distibution function and the central limit theorem(CLT) in statistics. The study uses the case study of fisheries damages compensation caused br the public marine construction undertaken in the area do Anjeong Bay in the city of Tongyeong for empirical test of theory of CEVQ. The results shows that the CEVQ theory perfoms a good job in measuring quantatively fjsheries damages caused by outflow of cold water due to the operation of LNG company since 2002. Therefore the study proves that the CEVQ theory is a good theory having internal consistency and empirical applicability.

A Study on the Design of Composites Shaft for Small Ship by Filament Winding Process (필라멘트 와인딩 공법에 의한 소형 선박용 복합재료 축 설계에 관한 연구)

  • 배창원;임철문;왕지석;김윤해
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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    • 2001.05a
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    • pp.193-196
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is the design of composite shaft which is wound by Filament Winding method. Classical laminated plate theory was used for analyzing the stress, and for structure design. The diameter and thickness of composite shaft were calculated by this theory. The result that if tensile stress was zero, torsion stress was a certain value below 0.4(diameter rate) and torsion strength was the highest value on $45^{\circ}C$(winding angle). In case of $90^{\circ}C$(winding angle), we have to consider the torsional monent when the composites shaft was load.

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The Effect of Circadian Rhythm on the Pharmacokinetics of Acebutolol after Intravenous Administration to Rabbits (가토에서 정맥투여시 생체리듬이 아세부토롤의 약물동태에 미친영향)

  • Choi, Jun Shik
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.57-61
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    • 2001
  • The effect of circadian rhythm on the pharmacokinetics of acebutolol was studied in rabbits administered intravenous 5 mg/kg dose of acebutolol at 09:00 in the morning (a.m) and 22:00 in the evening (p.m). A significant effect of circadian rhythm of pbarmacokinetic parameters as a function of time of day was noted in rabbits, showing lower total body clearance (CLt), higher plasma concentration and the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) when acebutolol was given in the evening. The plasma concentration of acebutolol was increased significantly (p<0.05) at 12-24 hr after dosing in the evening. The AUC was greater in the evening $(111\%)$ than that in the morning and $CL_t$, was higher when acebutolol was given in the morning ($1.12\pm0.24$ ml/hr) versus in the evening ($1.01\pm0.22$ ml/hr), but those were not significant. Therefore, It is reasonable to consider individual circadian rhythm for effective dosage regimen of acebutolol in clinical chronotherapeutics.

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Effect of Cimetidine on the Hepatic Blood flow -On the Basis of Pharmacokinetics of Indocvanine Green in Rats- (시메티딘이 간혈류량에 미치는 영향 - Rat에 있어서 Indocyanine Green의 체내 동태를 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Yong-Bok;Koh, Ik-Bae
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.163-168
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    • 1993
  • The influence of cimetidine pretreatment(100mg/kg, single i.p.) on the hepatic blood flow was investigated using pharmacokinetic parameters of indocyanine green(ICG) in the rat on the basis of hepacc perfusion-limited model. ICG(1mg/kg) was respectively administered via femoral and portal vein to the control and to the cimetidine-pretreated rats. The rate constant K12, K20 and the systemic clearance(CLt) of ICG were significantly(p<0.05) decreased ill the cimetidine-pretrea-to(B rats, but no significant diffirences were observed in hematocrit and liver weight. The biliary excretion rates of ICG were also decreased regardless of the route of administration in the cimetidine-pretreated rats. And also the hepatic blood flow in rats was decreased about $16\%$ by cimetidine. It may be concluded that the decreased hepatic blood flow with cimetidine mainly contributed to the decreased hepatic uptake and the decreased systemic clearance of ICG.

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Pharmacokinetic Interaction of Vancomycin and Probenecid in Rabbits (반코마이신과 프로베네시드의 약물동태학적 상호작용)

  • Lee, Do-Nil;You, Jae-Sin;Burm, Jin-Pil;Choi, Jun-Shik
    • Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.51-56
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    • 1997
  • This study was attempted to investigate the pharmacokinetic interaction of vancomycin (10 mg/kg, i.v.) and probenecid (7.5. 15, and 30 mg/kg, oral) in rabbits. The area under curve (AUC) of plasma vancomycin concentration was significantly increased (p<0.01) in rabbits when the probenecid was coadministrated. Volume of distribution (Vd) was significantly decreased (p<0.05) in rabbits coadministrated with probenecid (15 and 30 mg/kg) and total body clearance (CLt) was decreased significantly (p<0.05. p<0.01) in rabbits coadministrated with probenecid (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg). There was significant correlation between AUC and probenecid dose. From the results of this experiment, it is desirable to adjust dosage regimen of vancomycin for reduction of side or toxic effect when the probenecid is coadministered in clinical practice.

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A study on the Rheological Analysis of Tack Values using Alkyd Vanish for Printing Ink (인쇄잉크용 알킷트바니쉬를 이용한 택크값의 유변학적 특성연구)

  • 정윤회
    • Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.1-20
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    • 1990
  • $\alpha$,$\beta$,$\varepsilon$ type copper phthalocy $\alpha$,$\beta$,$\varepsilon$ type copper phthalocyanine(CuPc) pigment was purified by a simple train sublimation technique. The layered photoconductor was made with $\varepsilon$ type CuPc as a carrier generation layer(CGL) and polyvinly carvazol(PVCz) as a carrier transport layer(CLT). A CGL of CuPc was electrochemical deposited on an Al substrate used as cathode in pigment dispersion solutions. a CTL of PVCz pwas spin coated on $\varepsilon$ type CuPc thin film by a spin coater. The effect of sonication time, electrophotographic property of the layered photoconductor were studied with surface coverage, surface potential and sensitivity.

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THE SECOND CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM FOR MARTINGALE DIFFERENCE ARRAYS

  • Bae, Jongsig;Jun, Doobae;Levental, Shlomo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.51 no.2
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    • pp.317-328
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    • 2014
  • In Bae et al. [2], we have considered the uniform CLT for the martingale difference arrays under the uniformly integrable entropy. In this paper, we prove the same problem under the bracketing entropy condition. The proofs are based on Freedman inequality combined with a chaining argument that utilizes majorizing measures. The results of present paper generalize those for a sequence of stationary martingale differences. The results also generalize independent problems.

THE EMPIRICAL LIL FOR THE KAPLAN-MEIER INTEGRAL PROCESS

  • Bae, Jong-Sig;Kim, Sung-Yeun
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.269-279
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    • 2003
  • We prove an empirical LIL for the Kaplan-Meier integral process constructed from the random censorship model under bracketing entropy and mild assumptions due to censoring effects. The main method in deriving the empirical LIL is to use a weak convergence result of the sequential Kaplan-Meier integral process whose proofs appear in Bae and Kim [2]. Using the result of weak convergence, we translate the problem of the Kaplan Meier integral process into that of a Gaussian process. Finally we derive the result using an empirical LIL for the Gaussian process of Pisier [6] via a method adapted from Ossiander [5]. The result of this paper extends the empirical LIL for IID random variables to that of a random censorship model.

Developing Vocational English Textbooks for Marine Developing High Schools (모듈식 해양생산영어 교재 개발 연구)

  • Shim, Ji-Hyun;Rha, Hyun-Mi;Lee, Yoo-Won
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.1273-1284
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study is to develop vocational English textbooks for vocational high school, especially marine production high school. Vocational English is intended to increase English proficiency in the area of specific industry or jobs. Based on the review of the literature, the study established developed vocational English textbooks for marine production high school based on the modular system. The developing process includes analysis for marine production job, marine production high school and current English textbook for marine production. Based on the analysis, this study developed English contents which marine production students utilize in not only school but also workplace. Also, this study suggests future research directions for effective development and use of the textbooks in the vocational high schools.

A Survey on Modulation Methods for Narrow Bandwidth of Wireless Channel (무선채널의 협대역화에 따른 변조방식 고찰)

  • Park, S.Y.;Lee, H.S.
    • Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.131-138
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    • 1994
  • 최근 무선통신의 활성화에 따라, V/UHF(very/ultra high Frequency) 대역에서 한정된 주파수를 효율적으로 이용하기 위한 방법의 하나로서, 점차 점유 주파수 대역의 폭을 축소하여 보다 많은 이용자를 수용하도록 무선 채널의 협대역화가 추진되고 있다. 본 고에서는 먼저 V/UHF 대역 무선 통신에서 채널의 협대역화에 관련된 기술 중에서 현재까지 사용되고 있는 FM(frequency modulation), AM(amplitude modulation) 변조 방식의 장,단점을 살펴본후, 새로운 LM(linear modulation) 변조 방식에 대한 기술적 배경 및 특성을 알아보았다. LM은 SSR(single side band)-AM이 발전한 것으로서, TTIB(transparent tone-in-band), CLT(Cartesian loop transmitter), FFSR(feed-forward signal regeneration), DSP(digital signal processing)등 4가지의 기술이 결합하여 만들어진 것이다. LM 방식에 사용된 4가지 기술을 소개하고, 기존의 변조 방식에 비해 개선된 사항에 대해 서술한다.