• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.395-403
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• 2021

Background Groin wounds occurring after vascular surgical site infection, oncologic resection, or occasionally orthopedic surgery and trauma may represent a surgical challenge. Reconstruction of these defects by the usual workhorse flaps may be contraindicated following previous surgery and in patients with lower limb lymphedema or extreme morbidity. Methods This study included 15 consecutive patients presenting with inguinal wounds after vascular or general surgery that required debridement and soft tissue coverage. All cases had absolute or relative contraindications to conventional reconstructive techniques, including a compromised deep femoral artery network, limb lymphedema, scarring of potential flap harvesting sites, or poor overall condition. Abdominal adipocutaneous excess enabled the performance of adipocutaneous advancement flaps in an abdominoplasty-like fashion. Immediate and long-term outcomes were analyzed. Results Soft tissue coverage was effective in all cases. Two patients required re-intervention due to flap-related complications (venous congestion and partial flap necrosis). All patients fully recovered over a mean±standard deviation follow-up of 2.4±1.5 years. Conclusions Abdominal flaps can be an effective and simple alternative technique for inguinal coverage with reproducible outcomes. In our experience, the main indications are a compromised deep femoral artery network and poor thigh tissue quality. Relative contraindications, such as previous open abdominal surgery, should be considered.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2023

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the root positions in virtual tooth setups using only crowns in a simulated treatment with those achieved in the actual treatment. Methods: Pre- and post-treatment intraoral and corresponding cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained from 15 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction. A conventional virtual tooth setup was used for the treatment simulation. Pre- and post-treatment three-dimensional digital tooth models were fabricated by integrating the patients' intraoral and CBCT scans. The simulated root positions in the virtual setup were obtained by merging the crown in the virtual setup and root in the pre-treatment tooth model. The root positions of the simulated and actual post-treatment tooth models were compared. Results: Differences in root positions between the simulated and actual models were > 1 mm in all teeth, and statistically significant differences were observed (p < 0.05), except for the maxillary lateral incisors. The differences in the inter-root angulation were > 1° in all teeth, and statistically significant differences were observed in the maxillary and mandibular canines. Conclusions: The virtual tooth setup using only crown data showed errors over the clinical limits. The clinical application of a virtual setup using crowns and roots is necessary for accurate and precise treatment simulation, particularly in extraction treatment.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1996년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.514-514
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• 1996

Igbo, a new Benue Congo language has a vowel harmony system which, like that of Akan, is based on the pharynx size or tongue root position. In this study we examine Igbo vowel harmony with particular reference to assimilatory patterns of vowels in different harmony sets. This is to gain some insight into the factors involved in Igbo vowel assimilation, and to establish to what extent reports on Akan vowel assimilation are validated in Igbo. Tokens of the eight phonemic vowels of Standard Igbo are recorded from three native speakers of Igbo. The vowels are acoustically investigated (using the LPC analysis of CSL) in individual lexical items and within carefully designed carrier phrases. The F1 and F2 values of the vowels are obtained as these formant values are generally useful in establishing the salient characteristics of vowels. Vowels from the harmony sets are juxtaposed in the carrier phrases to ascertain the extent of assimilation. Results of the investigation show that the F1 values, to a large extend, are enough to characterize these vowels. The (-Expanded) vowels have higher F1 values than their (+Expanded) counterpart. Where there is an overlap in F1 values for some vowels the F1 bandwidth values serve to distinguish between the vowels. The overlap often reported in Akan for /I/ and /e/ on the one hand and /${\mho}$/ and /o/ on the other is not validated in Igbo. While the F1 values for these pairs of vowels are quite similar for one of our speakers, there is an appreciable difference between the F1 values of these vowels for the other two speakers. There is however an overlap for /e/ and /o/ for one of the speakers. Assimilations are generally regressive across word boundaries. It is, however, necessary to point out that the general perceptual impression that one of the vowels completely assimilates to the other, is not borne out by our investigation. Most of our F1 and F2 values for the vowels in individual lexical items are altered in assimilations. This then suggests that assimilation involving these vowels is partial rather than complete. The emerging 'allophones' are acoustically similar to the (+Expanded) vowel involved in the assimilation, that is when vowels from different harmony sets are involved. We conclude that while assimilation of Igbo vowels involves some phonological considerations, phonetic factors appear to be permanent in deciding the final form of the vowels.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of training with a different kind of lesion on the performance of a target model. Materials and Methods: A total of 310 patients(211 men, 99 women; average age, 47.9±16.1 years) were selected and their panoramic images were used in this study. We created a source model using panoramic radiographs including mandibular radiolucent cyst-like lesions (radicular cyst, dentigerous cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, and ameloblastoma). The model was simulatively transferred and trained on images of Stafne's bone cavity. A learning model was created using a customized DetectNet built in the Digits version 5.0 (NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA). Two machines(Machines A and B) with identical specifications were used to simulate transfer learning. A source model was created from the data consisting of ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst, dentigerous cyst, and radicular cyst in Machine A. Thereafter, it was transferred to Machine B and trained on additional data of Stafne's bone cavity to create target models. To investigate the effect of the number of cases, we created several target models with different numbers of Stafne's bone cavity cases. Results: When the Stafne's bone cavity data were added to the training, both the detection and classification performances for this pathology improved. Even for lesions other than Stafne's bone cavity, the detection sensitivities tended to increase with the increase in the number of Stafne's bone cavities. Conclusion: This study showed that using different lesions for transfer learning improves the performance of the model.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권sup1호
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• pp.89-112
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• 2022

An accurate assessment of the recommended calcium (Ca) intake may contribute to reducing the risk of fractures and chronic diseases, ultimately improving quality of life. This review was performed to summarize key findings of Ca studies, investigate the effect of Ca intake on health outcomes, and determine the adequacy of evidence to revise the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) for Ca in 2020. Databases were searched for intervention studies that assessed health outcomes by providing Ca in diets or as supplements. The framework of the systematic review comprised conducting literature searches, data extraction, quality assessment of the literature, and summarizing key findings relevant to set the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for Ca for the 2020 KDRI. The final search was performed in June 2019. A total of 13,309 studies were identified through databases and manual search. Sixtyfive studies were included in the final quality assessment and were summarized according to health indicators. As bone health was used as an indicator of the EAR for Ca, literature reports on bone health were further categorized by the life-cycle stage of the participants. This systematic review did not find new evidence that could be applied to the general Korean adult population, including postmenopausal women, for defining a new EAR for Ca in the 2020 KDRIs. Evidence in most of the reviewed literature was considered weak; however, some evidence was found that could improve the criteria on how the EAR for Ca was determined in children and adolescents. A review of the literature for the 2020 KDRIs for Ca did not find strong evidence in order to change the recommended values of the 2015 KDRIs. More clinical interventions are required among Koreans to strengthen the body of evidence to warrant the revision of the KDRIs.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2024

This study aimed to assess the accuracy of tooth widths, intermolar widths, and arch lengths acquired through two intraoral scanners, including iTero Element Plus Series (Align Technology, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and Trios 4 (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark), specifically on mixed dentition. A total of 30 subjects were divided into 2 groups, each undergoing both alginate impressions and intraoral scanning using either the iTero or Trios scanner. The plaster models were measured with a caliper, while the digital models were measured virtually. In the iTero group, all tooth width measurements exhibited differences compared to the plaster values, except for maxillary left lateral incisors (p = 0.179), mandibular right (p = 0.285), and left (p = 0.073) central incisors. The Trios group did not display significant differences in any of the tooth width measurements. Intermolar width comparisons for both groups indicated differences, except for mandibular primary canine to primary canine values (p = 0.426) in the iTero group. Regarding arch length, the mandibular anterior, maxillary right, and left arch lengths in the iTero group demonstrated larger caliper values than those of iTero. Conversely, in the Trios group, all parameters showed smaller caliper values, especially in upper anterior, maxillary right, mandibular right, and mandibular left arch lengths with significance (p = 0.027, 0.007, 0.003, and 0.047, respectively). Despite the differences between the two groups, digital models might be clinically suitable alternatives for plaster models. Pediatric dentists should carefully assess these differences, as a comprehensive evaluation would result in precise orthodontic treatment planning and favorable outcomes for young patients with mixed dentition.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2024

Purpose: The aims of this study were to create a deep learning model to distinguish between nasopalatine duct cysts (NDCs), radicular cysts, and no-lesions (normal) in the midline region of the anterior maxilla on panoramic radiographs and to compare its performance with that of dental residents. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients with a confirmed diagnosis of NDC (53 men, 47 women; average age, 44.6±16.5 years), 100 with radicular cysts (49 men, 51 women; average age, 47.5±16.4 years), and 100 with normal groups (56 men, 44 women; average age, 34.4±14.6 years) were enrolled in this study. Cases were randomly assigned to the training datasets (80%) and the test dataset (20%). Then, 20% of the training data were randomly assigned as validation data. A learning model was created using a customized DetectNet built in Digits version 5.0 (NVIDIA, Santa Clara, USA). The performance of the deep learning system was assessed and compared with that of two dental residents. Results: The performance of the deep learning system was superior to that of the dental residents except for the recall of radicular cysts. The areas under the curve (AUCs) for NDCs and radicular cysts in the deep learning system were significantly higher than those of the dental residents. The results for the dental residents revealed a significant difference in AUC between NDCs and normal groups. Conclusion: This study showed superior performance in detecting NDCs and radicular cysts and in distinguishing between these lesions and normal groups.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2009

배경: 관상동맥 우회술의 대동맥부 근위부 문합을 위한 상행 대동맥 부분 겸자는 대동맥 내벽에 존재하는 죽상반의 색전에 의한 뇌경색의 위험성을 높일 뿐 아니라, 겸자에 따른 직접적 대동맥 손상의 원인이 될 수 있다. Heartstring proximal sealing system (Guidant Corporation, Santa Clara, Calif)을 이용한 근위부 문합은 대동맥 부분 겸자를 피할 수 있어, 이러한 잠재적 위험을 방지할 수 있는 것으로 제시되어 왔다. 이 연구는 무심폐기 관상동맥 우회술의 근위부 문합에 있어서 대동맥 부분 겸자를 통한 수기 문합과 Heartstring system을 이용한 문합간의 수술 후 신경학적 합병증을 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 1월부터 2008년 8월까지 499명의 환자가 무심폐기 관상동맥 우회술을 시행받았다. 그 중 182명의 환자가 Heartstring system을 이용한 이식편 대동맥 근위부 문합술을 시행받았고(I군), 317명의 환자가 고식적 수기 문합술을 시행 받았다(II군). 이 두 군간의 수술 후 신경 손상을 비롯한 주요 합병증 및 사망율을 비교하였다. 결과: 나이, 성별, 좌심실 구출율, 신장 기능, 당뇨, 고혈압, 흡연력 등의 수술 전 인자들에 있어서 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 수술 전 뇌허혈의 과거력은 환자는 두 그룹간에 유의한 차이가 없었으나(I군 31.3%, II군 34.4%, p=0.48), 뇌혈관 MRI상에서의 내경동맥의 협착이 75%가 넘는 환자는 I군이 81명(44.5%), II군이 95명으로(30.0%) 두 군간의 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p=0.003). 수술 후 새로 발생한 신경 이상의 경우 I군에서 3명, II군에서 2명으로, 두 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나(p=0.258), I군의 경우 모두 일과성 허혈이었던 것에 반해 II군의 경우 모두 색전에 의한 다발성 뇌경색으로 나타났다. 그 외 수술 후 발생한 주요 합병증(p=0.47)및 사망(p=0.40)에 있어서 두 군간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. II군에서 한 명의 환자에서 수술 중 근위부 분합에 따른 대동맥 박리증이 발생하여 상행대동맥 치환술을 시행하였다. 결론: 비록 수술 후 신경학적 합병증의 빈도가 낮아 통계학적 유의성에 다다르진 못했으나, Heartstring system을 이용한 근위부 문합술은 고식적 문합에 비해 색전에 의한 수술 후 뇌졸중의 합병 및 대동맥 손상의 위험도를 낮출 것으로 기대해 본다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2012

목적: 구면수차를 감소시키기 위해 설계된 비구면 소프트콘택트렌즈를 착용시킨 후 눈에서 변화된 고위수차와 구면수차를 분석하였다. 방법: 50명의 소프트 콘택트렌즈 착용자가 연구에 참여하였으며 SDD(Soflens Daily Disposable, Bausch+Lomb) 비구면 렌즈를 착용시킨 후 Wave-Scan Wavefront$^{TM}$ aberrometer (VISX, Santa Clara, CA, USA)를 이용하여 눈 전체의 고위수차와 구면수차를 4 mm의 동공크기를 기준으로 측정하였고, 구면수차 변화량은 착용한 비구면 렌즈의 약도, 중도, 고도의 도수에 따라 비교, 분석하였다. 밝은 조명(photopic)과 어두운(mesopic) 조명상태에서 대비도를 가지는 시력표(100%와 20%)를 이용하여 시력 검사를 하였고 OPTEC 6500 Vision Tester$^{(R)}$(Stereo Optical Co., Inc., Chicago, USA)를 사용하여 밝은 조명(photopic)과 어두운(mesopic)조명 상태의 대비감도를 각각 측정하였다. 모든 측정은 산동 시키지 않은 상태에서 단안으로 시행하였다. 결과: SDD 비구면 렌즈를 착용한 경우 눈의 전체고위수차는 나안 상태보다 유의하게 감소하였고(p<0.001), 구면수차는 상당히 감소하여 0에 근접하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.001). SDD 렌즈 도수에 따라 전체고위수차 변화량(r= 0.237, p=0.018)과 구면수차 변화량(r=0.324, p=0.001)은 유의한 상관관계가 나타났다. 밝은 조명상태에서 100% 및 20% 대비도 시력은 각각 $-0.063{\pm}0.062$와 $0.119{\pm}0.060$으로 나타났고, 어두운 조명상태에서 100% 및 20% 대비도 시력은 $-0.003{\pm}0.063$과 $0.198{\pm}0.067$으로 측정되었다. 밝은 조명상태와 어두운 조명상태에서 대비감도는 각각 $3.095{\pm}0.068$과 $3.087{\pm}0.074$로 나타났다. 결론: 구면수차를 제어한 비구면 디자인의 소프렌 소프트렌즈(SDD)는 눈의 전체 고위수차와 구면수차를 감소시키고 눈의 구면수차를 보정하면서 시력의 질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.501-510
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• 2020

본 연구는 임상실습을 경험한 의과대학생(이하 의과대학생으로 표기)과 일반대학생의 생사관과 영적안녕에 대한 특성을 살펴보고 그 상관성을 비교하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 H대학교 의과대학생 95명과 A대학교 일반대학생 103명을 대상으로 표집하였으며 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 의과대학생과 일반대학생 모두 생사관 하위 요인 중 부정적 죽음의미가 가장 높았다. 의과대학생과 일반대학생은 죽음불안과 생명존중의지에 차이를 보였는데 의과대학생은 일반대학생보다 죽음불안이 낮고, 생명존중의지가 높았다. 생사관과 영적안녕 하위요인간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 일반대학생의 실존적 안녕이 죽음관여도와 부적 상관관계를 보이고 생명존중의지와는 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 반면 의과대학생의 경우 종교적 안녕이 죽음의미와 부적 상관관계를 보였으며 실존적, 종교적 안녕 모두 생명존중의지와는 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과는 의료적 죽음에 노출이 될 의과대학생의 생명의료윤리교육에 차별적 컨텐츠를 구성함에 있어 도움이 될 것이다.