• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2012

Objectives: Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) have a tendency to recur and possess an aggressive nature. the aim of the present study was to evaluate cytokeratin (CK) expression patterns as a method for the differentiation between dentigerous cysts (DCs) and OKCs, as their histomorphologic appearance are often indistinguishable. Materials and Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 43 OKCs and 38 DCs were immunohistochemically analyzed with i-solution in a quantitative manner in order to evaluate the immunoreactivity of CK 10, 16 and 17. Results: CK 10 expression was evident in 79.1% of OKCs but found in only 18.4% of DCs (P<0.05), and CK 10 expression was observed to occur more frequently in OKCs (mean 25.45%) than in DCs (2.19%) (P<0.05). The expression of CK 16 was evident in 79.1% of OKCs but found in only 7.9% of the DCs (P<0.05) and CK 16 expression was observed to occur more frequently in OKCs (mean 4.33%) than in the DCs (0.61%) (P<0.05). The expression of CK 17 was evident in 88.4% of OKCs but seen in only 15.7% of the DCs (P<0.05) and CK 17 expression was observed to occur more frequently in OKCs (mean 31.11%) than in the DCs (2.37%) (P<0.05). Conclusion: The immunohistochemical detection of CK 10, 16 and 17 can be utilized as a valuable biomarker for use in distinguishing between OKCs and DCs, which have clinically significant differential diagnoses.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.106-115
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• 1995

Reactive humsn mesothelial cells were examined by immunocytochemical stain with intermediate filaments (cytokeratin [CK1, CK7, CK8, CK18, CD19), vimentin, desmin, actin), epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MHC class II antigen (HLA-DR), LeuM-1 (CD15), $\alpha1-antitrypsin$(ACT), $\alpha1-antichymotrypsin$ (ACHT), CD68(KP-1) and FcyRIII(CD16). The mesothelial cells were isolated from patients with liver cirrhosis and pleural effusion, and short-term cultured in RPMI 1640 media containing 10% heat inactivated fetal calf serum and 1% identical supernatant fluid of the patients' transudates. The results obtained are as follows 1. The cultured-reactive mesothelial cells were positive for the protein of cytoskeleton such as cytokeratin and vimentin, but negative for desmin and actin. The resting mesothelial cells showed positive reactions for cylokeratin, but negative for vimentin, desmin and actin. 2. The primary antibodies to the cytokeratin were strongly reactive for CK1, CK8 and CK18 but negative for CK7 and CK19 in both reactive and resting mesothelial cells. 3. Resting mesothelial cells showed negative reactions for CEA, but strong positive reactions in cultured-reactive mesothelial cells. 4. The markers for the monocytes/histiocytes(CD11b, CD14, CD16, CD68, Iysozyme and $\alpha1-antitrypsin$ and $\alpha1-antichymotrypsin$) were nonreactive in resting mesothelial cells, but lysozyme and $\alpha1-antitrypsin$ were weakly reactive in reactive and proliferative mesothelial cells. 5. MHC Class II molecule(HLA-DR antigen) was negative in both resting and reactive mesothelial cells. These results suggest that the short-term cultured, reactive mesothelial cells show a newly aberrant expression of the vimentin and calcine-embryonic antigen. The reason of the aberrant expression of the intermediate filament and oncofetal antigen in reactive and proliferative mesothelial cells should be further evaluated.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.13-29
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• 2001

The enzyme activities of creatine kinase (CK), its isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1 (LD-1) have been used for years in diagnosing patients with chest pain in order to differentiate patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) from non-AMI patients. These methods are easy to perform as automated analyses, but they are not specific for cardiac muscle damage. During the early 90's the situation changed. First, creatine kinase ME mass (CK-MB mass) replaced the measurement of CK-MB activity. Subsequently cardiac-specific proteins, troponin T (cTnT) and troponin I (cTnI) appeared and displacing LD-1 analysis. However, troponin concentrations in blood increase only from four to six hours after onset of chest pain. Therefore a rapid marker such as myoglobin, fatty acid binding protein or glycogen phosphorylase BB could be used in early diagnosis of AMI. On the other hand, CK-MB isoforms alone may also be useful in rapid diagnosis of cardiac muscle damage. Myoglobin, CK-MB mass, cTnT and cTnI are nowadays widely used in diagnosing patients with acute chest pain. Myoglobin is not cardiac-specific and therefore requires supplementation with some other analyses such as troponins to support the myoglobin value. Troponins are very highly cardiac-specific. Only the sera of some patients with severe renal failure, which requires hemodialysis, have elevated cTnT and/or cTnI without there being any evidence of cardiac damage. The latest studies have shown that elevated troponin levels in sera of hemodialysis patients point to an increased risk of future cardiac events in a similar manner to the elevated troponin values in sera of patients with unstable angina pectoris. In addition, the bedside tests for cTnT and cTnI alone- or together with myoglobin and CK-ME mass can be used instead of quantitative analyses in the diagnosis of patients with chest pain. These rapid tests are easy to perform and they do not require expensive instrumentation. For the diagnosis of patient with chest pain, routinely myoglobin and CK-ME mass measurements should be performed whenever they are requested (24 h/day) and cTnT or cTnI on admission to the hospital and then 4-6 and 12 hours later and maintained less than 10% in imprecision.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.156-163
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• 2009

Purpose: Doxylamine succinate (DS) is frequently used to treat insomnia and it may induce rhabdomyolysis in the overdose cases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors that can predict the serum creatine kinase (CK) level normalization time for patients with rhabdomyolysis due to DS ingestion. Methods: This study was conducted on 71 patients who were admitted with rhabdomyolysis after DS ingestion during the period from January 2000 to July 2009. Rhabdomyolysis was defined as a serum CK level over 1,000 U/L. The collected data included the general characteristics, the anticholinergic symptoms, the ingested dose, the peak serum CK level, the time interval (TI) from the event to the peak CK level and the TI from the event to a CK level below 1,000 U/L. We evaluated the correlation between the patients' variables and the TI from the event to the peak CK level time and the time for a CK level below 1,000 U/L. Results: The mean ingested dose per body weight (BW) was $30.86{\pm}18.63\;mg/kg$ and the mean TI from the event to treatment was $4.04{\pm}3.67$ hours. The TI from the event to the peak CK level was longer for the patients with a larger ingestion dose per BW (r=0.587, p<0.05). The CK normalization time was longer for the patients with a larger ingested dose per BW (r=0.446, p<0.05) and a higher peak CK level (r=0.634, p<0.05). Conclusion: The ingested dose per BW was correlated with the TI from the event to the peak CK level, and the ingested dose per BW and the peak CK level have significant correlations with the CK normalization time. These factors may be used to determine the discharge period of patients who had rhabdomyolysis following a OS overdose.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.419-423
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• 2014

The purpose of the present study was to investigate cardiac damage biomarkers after a triathlon race in elite and non-elite athlete groups. Fifteen healthy men participated in the study. Based on performance, they were divided into elite athlete group (EG: n＝7) and non-elite athlete group (NEG: n＝8). Participants' blood samples were obtained during four periods: before, immediately, 2 hours and 7 days after finishing the race. creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-myoglobin (CK-MB), myoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly increased in both groups immediately after, and 2 hours after finishing the race (p<.05). CK, CK-MB, and myoglobin were completely recovered after 7 days (p<.05). Hematocrit (Hct) was significantly decreased in both groups (p<.05) 7 days after the race. LDH was significantly decreased in the EG (p<.05) only 7 days after the race. Homoglobin (Hb) was significantly decreased in the NEG (p<.05) only 2 hours after the race. Although cardiac troponin T (cTnT) was significantly increased in the EG but not in the NEG 2hours after the race (p<.05), there was no group-by-time interaction. cTnT was completely recovered in both groups 7 days after the race. In conclusion, cardiac damage occurs during a triathlon race and, is greater in elite than in non-elite. However, all cardiac damage markers return to normal range within 1 week.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.717-725
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• 2014

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of animal related factors on bruising in slaughter cattle, creatine kinase (CK) and beef quality. Three hundred and twenty one cattle from three breeds (108 Bonsmara, 130 Beefmaster and 83 Brahman) were used in this study. The animals were grouped as follows: Group 1 (16 months old), Group 2 (18 months old) and Group 3 (24 months old). At exsanguinations, blood samples for CK determination were collected using disposable vacutainer tubes. Muscularis longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) was collected 24 h after slaughter to determine the colour ($L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$) and ultimate pH ($pH_u$) of beef. Breed, sex and age had significant effects (p<0.05) on bruising score, CK levels and beef quality. Bonsmara breed had the highest (80%) bruising score percentage, CK ($705.3{\pm}80.57U/L$) and $pH_u$ ($6.3{\pm}0.05$) values while the Bonsmara had the highest $L^*$ ($24.8{\pm}0.78$) $a^*$ ($17.5{\pm}0.53$) and $b^*$ ($12.8{\pm}0.53$) values. Higher CK levels were also observed in winter compared to summer, spring and autumn respectively. Therefore, animal factors (sex, breed and animal age at slaughter) contribute to the development of bruises and have an effect on the levels of CK and meat quality. It was also concluded that there is no significant relationship between meat parameters (L,* $a^*$, and $b^*$) and CK levels.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.713-723
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• 1989

In order to assess the correlation of the myocardial damage and the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, measurement of creatine kinase [CK], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], asparatate aminotransferase [AST], and MB band of CK [CK-MB] were carried out on the first, third, fifth, seventh, and ninth day in 44 patients following open heart surgery [POD 1,3,5,7,9]. And the patients were divided into three groups according to the duration of aortic cross clamp time [ACT]: Group I [ACT< 60 minutes. n=19], Group II [60 minutes < ACT< 90 minutes, n=7] and Group III[90 minutes > ACT, n=18]. 1. The leakage of CK in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with rapid decrease and recovery at POD 7. The leakage of CK in Group III were greater than in Group I from POD 1 to POD 3 [P < 0.01]. The recovery time of CK level was shorter in Group I [POD 3] than in Group II and III [POD 7]. 2. The serum levels of LDH in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with slow recovery until POD 9. The levels of LDH in Group III were higher than in Group I until POD 9 [P < 0.005]. The levels of LDH in Group I and II recovered but not in Group III. 3. The serum levels of AST in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with rapid decrease and recovery at POD 7. The levels of AST in Group III were greater than in Group I from POD 1 to POD 5 [P < 0.05]. The recovery time of AST level was shorter in Group I and II [POD 5] than in Group III [POD 7]. 4. The positive cases for CK-MB in 36 patients were 22 [61.1 %] as a whole, 5[41.6%] in Group I, 4[57.1 %] in Group II, 13[76.4 %] in Group III at POD 1, and a case in each group at POD 3, and only a case in Group Ill at POD 5. It is concluded that the myocardial injury was closely related with the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass in open heart surgery.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.753-760
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• 2018

Objective : We investigated the effect of optimization in dose-limiting shell method on the dosimetric quality of CyberKnife (CK) plans in treating brain metastases (BMs). Methods : We selected 19 BMs previously treated using CK between 2014 and 2015. The original CK plans ($CK_{original}$) had been produced using 1 to 3 dose-limiting shells : one at the prescription isodose level (PIDL) for dose conformity and the others at low-isodose levels (10-30% of prescription dose) for dose spillage. In each case, a modified CK plan ($CK_{modified}$) was generated using 5 dose-limiting shells : one at the PIDL, another at intermediate isodose level (50% of prescription dose) for steeper dose fall-off, and the others at low-isodose levels, with an optimized shell-dilation size based on our experience. A Gamma Knife (GK) plan was also produced using the original contour set. Thus, three data sets of dosimetric parameters were generated and compared. Results : There were no differences in the conformity indices among the $CK_{original}$, $CK_{modified}$, and GK plans (mean 1.22, 1.18, and 1.24, respectively; p=0.079) and tumor coverage (mean 99.5%, 99.5%, and 99.4%, respectively; p=0.177), whereas the $CK_{modified}$ plans produced significantly smaller normal tissue volumes receiving 50% of prescription dose than those produced by the $CK_{original}$ plans (p<0.001), with no statistical differences in those volumes compared with GK plans (p=0.345). Conclusion : These results indicate that significantly steeper dose fall-off is able to be achieved in the CK system by optimizing the shell function while maintaining high conformity of dose to tumor.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2015

Background: Bladder cancer is among the five most common malignancies worldwide. Altered expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling -3 (SOCS-3) has been implicated in various types of human cancers; however, its role in bladder cancer is not well established. Aim: The present study was undertaken to investigate the mRNA expression of SOCS-3 in normal and cancerous bladder tissue and to explore its correlation with urinary levels of some proinflammatory cytokines, cytokeratin-18 (CK -18) and with tumor histopathological grading, in order to evaluate their role as potential diagnostic markers. Materials and Methods: SOCS3 mRNA expression levels were evaluated using quantitative real time PCR. Urinary levels of interleukins 6 and 8 were estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cytokeratin-18 expression was analyzed by immuunohistochemistry then validated by ELISA. Results: SOC3 m RNA expression levels were significantly lower in high grade urothelial carcinoma ($0.36{\pm}0.12$) compared to low grade carcinoma ($1.22{\pm}0.38$) and controls ($4.08{\pm}0.88$), (p<0.001). However, in high grade urothelial carcinoma the urinary levels of IL-6, IL-8, total CK-18($221.33{\pm}22.84pg/ml$, $325.2{\pm}53.6pg/ml$, $466.7{\pm}57.40U/L$ respectively) were significantly higher than their levels in low grade carcinoma ($58.6{\pm}18.6pg/ml$, $58.3{\pm}50.2pg/ml$, $185.5{\pm}60.3U/L$ respectively) and controls ($50.9{\pm}23.0pg/ml$, $7.12{\pm}2.74pg/ml$, $106.7{\pm}47.3U/L$ respectively), (p<0.001). Conclusions: Advanced grade of urothelial bladder carcinoma is significantly associated with lowered mRNA expression of SOC3 as well as elevated urinary levels of proinflammatory cytokines and CK-18. Furthermore, our results suggested that urinary IL-8, IL-6 and CK-18 may benefit as noninvasive biomarkers for early detection as well as histopathological subtyping of urothelial carcinoma.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표대회
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• pp.3-4
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• 2005