• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2023

Objective: In this study, we aimed to position the Hungarian Merino among other Merinoderived sheep breeds, explore the characteristics of our sampled animals' genetic similarity network within the breed, and highlight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with daily weight-gain. Methods: Hungarian Merino (n = 138) was genotyped on Ovine SNP50 Bead Chip (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) and positioned among 30 Merino and Merino-derived breeds (n = 555). Population characteristics were obtained via PLINK, SVS, Admixture, and Treemix software, within-breed network was analysed with python networkx 2.3 library. Daily weight gain of Hungarian Merino was standardised to 60 days and was collected from the database of the Association of Hungarian Sheep and Goat Breeders. For the identification of loci associated with daily weight gain, a multi-locus mixed-model was used. Results: Supporting the breed's written history, the closest breeds to Hungarian Merino were Estremadura and Rambouillet (pairwise F_ST values are 0.035 and 0.036, respectively). Among Hungarian Merino, a highly centralised connectedness has been revealed by network analysis of pairwise values of identity-by-state, where the animal in the central node had a betweenness centrality value equal to 0.936. Probing of daily weight gain against the SNP data of Hungarian Merinos revealed five associated loci. Two of them, OAR8_17854216.1 and s42441.1 on chromosome 8 and 9 (-log₁₀P>22, false discovery rate<5.5e-20) and one locus on chromosome 20, s28948.1 (-log₁₀P = 13.46, false discovery rate = 4.1e-11), were close to the markers reported in other breeds concerning daily weight gain, six-month weight, and post-weaning gain. Conclusion: The position of Hungarian Merino among other Merino breeds has been determined. We have described the similarity network of the individuals to be applied in breeding practices and highlighted several markers useful for elevating the daily weight gain of Hungarian Merino.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.1071-1077
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• 2022

A security SoC that can be used to implement elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) based public-key infrastructures was designed. The security SoC has an architecture in which a hardware accelerator for the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA) is interfaced with the Cortex-A53 CPU using the AXI4-Lite bus. The ECDSA hardware accelerator, which consists of a high-performance ECC processor, a SHA3 hash core, a true random number generator (TRNG), a modular multiplier, BRAM, and control FSM, was designed to perform the high-performance computation of ECDSA signature generation and signature verification with minimal CPU control. The security SoC was implemented in the Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC device to perform hardware-software co-verification, and it was evaluated that the ECDSA signature generation or signature verification can be achieved about 1,000 times per second at a clock frequency of 150 MHz. The ECDSA hardware accelerator was implemented using hardware resources of 74,630 LUTs, 23,356 flip-flops, 32kb BRAM, and 36 DSP blocks.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.125-132
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• 2015

The report about equine anesthesias in Korea are very rare. This paper aimed at the mortality rate during anesthesia in Thoroughbred horses at Equine Hospital of Busan Race Park, KRA in South Korea from 2005 to 2010. Drugs used in anesthesia was IV injection of detomidine hydrochloride (0.01 mg/kg) or xylazine(0.5mg/kg) for sedation and premedication, Guaifenesin(50-100 mg/kg) for muscle relaxation, ketamine hydrochloride(2 mg/kg) for induction of anaesthesia and Inhalational isoflurane(1.3-1.5 %) to maintain anesthesia. Total number of anesthetic cases was 190, 150 of inhalational anesthesia and 40 of general anesthesia, repectively. The purpose of anesthesia was highest in the disorder of musculoskeletal system, followed by urogenital system and respiratory system Mortality case due to anesthesia was one during arthroscopic surgery for removal of osteochondral chip fragments. The time of anesthesia was 150 min, fatal sign was hypoxemia and the reason was improper machine operation of the anesthetist. In conclusion, the perianesthetic mortality rate during anesthesia in Thoroughbred horses at Busan Race Park was 0.52%(1 death per 190 anesthetics).

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.861-868
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• 2023

Objective: Loin muscle area (LMA) is an important target trait of pig breeding. This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes associated with LMA in the Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire) crossbred pigs (DLY). Methods: A genome-wide association study was performed using the Illumina 50K chip to map the genetic marker and genes associated with LMA in 511 DLY pigs (255 boars and 256 sows). Results: After quality control, we detected 35,426 SNPs, including six SNPs significantly associated with LMA in pigs, with MARC0094338 and ASGA0072817 being the two key SNPs responsible for 1.77% and 2.48% of the phenotypic variance of LMA, respectively. Based on previous research, we determined two candidate genes (growth hormone receptor [GHR] and 3-oxoacid Co A-transferase 1 [OXCT1]) that are associated with fat deposition and muscle growth and found further additional genes (MYOCD, ARHGAP44, ELAC2, MAP2K4, FBXO4, FBLL1, RARS1, SLIT3, and RANK3) that are presumed to have an effect on LMA. Conclusion: This study contributes to the identification of the mutation that underlies quantitative trait loci associated with LMA and to future pig breeding programs based on marker-assisted selection. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of the identified candidate genes in the physiological processes involved in LMA regulation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.157-168
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• 2009

In this paper, a photovoltaic system is designed with a step up chopper and single phase PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) voltage source inverter. Where proposed Synchronous signal and control signal was processed by one-chip microprocessor for stable modulation. The step up chopper operates in continuous mode by adjusting the duty ratio so that the photovoltaic system tracks the maximum power point of solar cell without any influence on the variation of insolation and temperature because solar cell has typical voltage and current dropping character. The single phase PWM voltage source the inverter using inverter consists of complex type of electric power converter to compensate for the defect, that is, solar cell cannot be developed continuously by connecting with the source of electric power for ordinary use. It can cause the effect of saving electric power. from 10 to 20[%]. The single phase PWM voltage source inverter operates in situation that its output voltage is in same phase with the utility voltage. In order to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic cells, photovoltaic positioning system using sensor and microprocessor was design so that the fixed type of photovoltaic cells and photovoltaic positioning system were compared. In result, photovoltaic positioning system can improved 5% than fixed type of photovoltaic cells. In addition, I connected extra power to the system through operating the system voltage and inverter power in a synchronized way by extracting the system voltage so that the phase of the system and the phase of single-phase inverter of PWM voltage type can be synchronized. And, It controlled in order to provide stable pier to the load and the system through maintaining high lurer factor and low output power of harmonics.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.219-227
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• 2017

Current military command information system uses electronic equipment a lot on which semiconductor chip is attached. It seems its' importance will increase more with latest information communication technology developing. Electronic equipment which uses electricity contains regular tolerance to high output electric signal. And EMC specification is the standardized of this electronic equipment's tolerance. On the other hand, the Institute of Atomic Energy Research has ever declared that high output electromagnetic pulse(EMP) will be broken out within the radius of 170Km when 10kt nuclear explosion occurs at an altitude of 40Km above Seoul. Then, the region suffer from the damage of most electronic equipments. Therefore, the norm to protect the influences in that case is defined by EMP protection specification. Most common electronic equipments meet the EMC norm, but there is no way to check whether they meet the EMP norm or not. That is because it is difficult to check whether they meet EMP protection norm and is on the matter of cost. Except inevitable cases, there is no review of checking whether they meet the norm or not. Considering the above, in this research, we speculate about the measures to improve military EMP protection ability by analyzing the EMC-EMP correlation and checking the EMP protection ability of general electronic equipment through the analysis.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.52-59
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• 2023

The effects of dielectric curing temperature and temperature/humidity treatment conditions on the interfacial adhesion energies between Ti diffusion barrier/polybenzoxazole (PBO) dielectric layers were systematically investigated for Cu redistribution layer applications of fan-out wafer level package. The initial interfacial adhesion energies were 16.63, 25.95, 16.58 J/m² for PBO curing temperatures at 175, 200, and 225 ℃, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that there exists a good correlation between the interfacial adhesion energy and the C-O peak area fractions at PBO delaminated surfaces. And the interfacial adhesion energies of samples cured at 200 ℃ decreased to 3.99 J/m² after 500 h at 85 ℃/85 % relative humidity, possibly due to the weak boundary layer formation inside PBO near Ti/PBO interface.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.670-681
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress is caused by reactive oxygen species and free radicals that accelerate inflammatory responses and exacerbate fatigue. Tormentic acid (TA) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the aim of present study is to determine the fatigue-regulatory effects of TA in H₂O₂-stimulated myoblast cell line, C2C12 cells and treadmill stress test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST) animal models. MATERIALS/METHODS: In the in vitro study, C2C12 cells were pretreated with TA before stimulation with H₂O₂. Then, malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) activity, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glycogen, and cell viability were analyzed. In the in vivo study, the ICR male mice were administered TA or distilled water orally daily for 28 days. FST and TST were then performed on the last day. In addition, biochemical analysis of the serum, muscle, and liver was performed. RESULTS: TA dose-dependently alleviated the levels of MDA, LDH, CK activity, TNF-α, and IL-6 in H₂O₂-stimulated C2C12 cells without affecting the cytotoxicity. TA increased the SOD and CAT activities and the glycogen levels in H₂O₂-stimulated C2C12 cells. In TST and FST animal models, TA decreased the FST immobility time significantly while increasing the TST exhaustion time without weight fluctuations. The in vivo studies showed that the levels of SOD, CAT, citrate synthase, glycogen, and free fatty acid were increased by TA administration, whereas TA significantly reduced the levels of glucose, MDA, LDH, lactate, CK, inflammatory cytokines, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, and cortisol compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: TA improves fatigue by modulating oxidative stress and energy metabolism in C2C12 cells and animal models. Therefore, we suggest that TA can be a powerful substance in healthy functional foods and therapeutics to improve fatigue.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.21-29
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• 2022

Ultra Violet(UV) is gradually being replaced with LED instead of general UV lamps. However, the light efficiency of UV LED is still lower than that of the general lamp, and the light efficiency is also low. Due to the current environment and technical problems of UV lamps, the LED replacements are gradually being made. In this study, a new package design and analysis were performed to increase the lifetime and performance of UV LEDs. A new packaging for UV LED were designed and implemented. The new packaging for UV LED was constructed to improve light efficiency. And the electrical and optical characteristics were analyzed respectively. To improve the optical efficiency in UV LED package, the Al has been used based on high reflectivity and applying the optimal lens focusing. Compared to the existing silver Ag, the light efficiency was improved by about 30% or more, and it was confirmed that the light output degradation characteristic was improved by about 10% in the newly applied optical device chip.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.202-202
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• 2022

Recently days, soybean production in paddy field is increasing, from 4,422 ha in 2016 to 10,658 ha in 2021 in Korea. It is easy for Phytophthora stem and root rot (PSR) occurring in paddy field condition, when it is poorly drained soils with a high clay content, and temporary flooding and ponding. Therefore PSR resistant soybean cultivar is required. The objective of this study is to identify QTL region and candidate genes relating to PSR resistance of the race in main soybean cultivation area in Korea. 210 soybean materials including cultivars and germplasm were used for inoculation and genome-wide association study (GWAS). Inoculation was conducted using stem-scar method with 2 replications in 2-year for the race 3053 from Kimje and 3617 from Andong. 210 materials were genotyped with Soya SNP 180K chip, and structure analysis and association mapping were conducted with QTLMAX V2. The results of inoculation showed that survival ratio ranged from 0% to 96.7% and mean 9.7% for 3053 and ranged from 0% to 100% and mean 7.6% for 3617. Structure analysis showed linkage disequillibrium (LD) was decayed below r²=0.5 at 335kb of SNP distance. Significant SNPs (LOD>7.0) were identified in Chr 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 14, 15 for 3053 and Chr 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 14 for 3617. Especially, LD blocks (AX-90455181;15,056,628bp~AX-90475572;15,298,872bp) in Chr 2 for 3053 and 3067 were duplicated. 29 genes were identified on these genetic regions including Glyma.02gl47000 relating to ribosome recycling factor and defense response to fungus in Soybase.