• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.155-163
• /
• 1983

Many different appliances have been used to move teeth or to attempt to inhibit or stimulate growth of the jaws. Especially, Orthopedic force was used to apply a constant force on the mandible. Various orthopedic forces bring the changes of surrounding tissue, growth and development on the mandibular joint. Author carried out this study to find the histological changes of the mandibular joint in rats when the mandible applied posterior displacement. For the purpose of this study, $009\times036inch$ closed coil spring and 030inch orthopedic wire were used between the post occipital region and the chin region in order to render the orthopedic forces, posteriorly. The experimental animals vu. used 1 month old (GroupI), 3 months old (Group II), and 12 months old (Group III) rats. Following results were obtained; 1. At the beginning of the experimental Group I, there were predominant increment of Cartilage layer in the posterior parts of condylar head. Especially, the mature chondrocyte zone was increased. 2. In the experimental Group II, the chondroblastic zone was decreased while it showed slightly increased mature cartilage zone. 3. In the experimental Group III, the mature chondrocyte zone was disappeared gradually and there was a tendency to reduce the endochondral bone formation in condylar head. 4. After 30 days of experimental Group I and in experimental Group II, there was a tendency to decrease the immature cellular zone in the glenoid fossa by pressure. 5. There were no histological changes in the articular disc by pressure.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.285-291
• /
• 1997

The taxonomic characteristics of Eupatorium rugosum were reviewed and growth responses under different light intensities were investigated. Changes of soil and vegetation environments at experimental plots on Mt. Namsan were surveyed and the distribution pattern examined. The distribution of E. rugosum was closely related to the content of total nitrogen and available phosphorus in the soil. No competitors which could inhibit the growth of E. rugosum were present. Growth of E. rugosum was highest at a light intensity of 7, 500 lux, but dry weight was highest at a light intensity of 15, 000 lux followed by 30, 000 and 7, 500 lux. Growth in height of E. rugosum under a light intensity of 1, 500 lux continued even though the amount of growth was small. E. rugosum is found throughout the area of Mt. Namsan, and its density is higher at the roadside and in valley regions. E. rugosum appeared at 25 of 50 quadrats on Mt. Namsan, and the mean coverage of E. rugosum in survey quadrats was 12%.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제12권9호
• /
• pp.935-941
• /
• 2003

To investigate the interaction of bacteria and Microcystis isolated from a hypertrophic reservoir(Seo-Nakdong River), the response of five bacteria in relation to the different treatment of Microcystis and microcystin production by addition of dominant bacteria Staphylococcus sciuri were examined. Five bacteria (S. sciuri, S. capitis, S. epidermis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aeromonas aimonicida) were identified from the reservoir. In the experiment of bacterial response, two types of bacterial growth pattern were observed. All bacteria showed active growth in heated Microcystis-added media. Especially, three species of bacteria (S. sciuri, S. capitis and P. aeruginosa) among them showed active growth in live Microcystis-added media. In Microcystis response, increase of microcystin production showed when dominant bacteria, S. sciuri was added.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.54-65
• /
• 2019

To develop a biomarker predicting tumor treatment efficacy is helpful to reduce time, medical expenditure, and efforts in oncology therapy. In clinics, microvessel density using immunohistochemistry has been proposed as an indicator that correlates with both tumor size and metastasis of cancer. In the preclinical study, we hypothesized that vascular morphometrics using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) could be potential indicators to estimate the treatment efficacy of breast cancer. To verify this hypothesis, a 13762-MAT-B-III rat breast tumor was grown in a dorsal skinfold window chamber which was applied to a nude mouse, and the change in vascular morphology was longitudinally monitored during tumor growth and metronomic cyclophosphamide treatment. Based on the daily OCTA maximum intensity projection map, multiple vessel parameters (vessel skeleton density, vessel diameter index, fractal dimension, and lacunarity) were compared with the tumor size in no tumor, treated tumor, and untreated tumor cases. Although each case has only one animal, we found that the vessel skeleton density (VSD), vessel diameter index and fractal dimension (FD) tended to be positively correlated with tumor size while lacunarity showed a partially negative correlation. Moreover, we observed that the changes in the VSD and FD are prior to the morphological change of the tumor. This feasibility study would be helpful in evaluating the tumor vascular response to treatment in preclinical settings.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.91-96
• /
• 1984

The changes in the activities of Cellulase and Xylanase of A. phoencis during the life cycle were surveyed by using synchronized culture technique. Avicelase activity of the fungus was reached at peak in the initial hyphal growth stage, but decreased gradually during the conidiophore formation, vesicle-phialide formation, and sporulation stages in decreasing order. CMCase, Salicinase, and Xylanase activities were raised very high in the initial hyphal growth stage, but decreased gradually in conidiophore formation and vesicle-phialide formation stages, and then increased, more or less, in the sporulation stage.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 2009

Artificial ground greening has been developed gradually in accordance with increasing demands of out-door space in Apartment complexes. Nowadays other social demand, environmental load abatement, needs qualitative growth of artificial ground greening as well as quantitative growth. So the objects of this study would be seizing and analyzing changeable items in artificial ground greening in the future, and show drafting materials for the development of spheres in connected with artificial ground greening. For this study, Delphi method was applied. First, three groups of panel, 48 people, were selected. Second, set up items of changes possible in the future from the first questionnaire and additional inquiry. Third, made up the second questionnaire of change possible in the future with Likert summated scale, and finally one way - ANOVA executed; independent variables were items of changes, and dependent variables were three groups of panel. To conclude, although limits of this study, we could glance over general flows and changes in artificial ground greening, and discover items which are hardly changeable and necessary to change in present condition of artificial ground greening.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2012

To evaluate the effect of the 4 major rivers restoration project in the Nakdong River to water quality of the river, the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) and Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP), are applied in series. Results showed overall decrease in biochemical oxygen demand ($BOD_5$) concentrations and increase in chlorophyll-a concentrations, while total nitrogen and total phosphorous concentrations did not show significant changes, relatively. Decrease in $BOD_5$ concentrations seems to be influenced by an increased hydraulic residence time, which may allow more time for the degradation of organic material. Changes in Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration, due to the project were more significant for the upper stream areas that show relatively low Chl-a concentration ranges (less than 20 g/L). After the introduction of the Geumho River in the middle part of the Nakdong River, rapid growth of phytoplankton was observed. However, in this middle part of the Nakdong River, the ratio of Chl-a concentration change are less significant, compared to the upper stream areas, due to the project. In the lower stream area, Chl-a concentration decreased after the project. This seems to be resulted from the decreased light availability, due to increased depth, while the nutrient concentrations have been high enough to support phytoplankton growth.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제23권11호
• /
• pp.1544-1553
• /
• 2013

Despite the importance of acetate kinase in the metabolism of bacteria, limited structural studies have been carried out on this enzyme. In this study, a three-dimensional structure of the Escherichia coli acetate kinase was constructed by use of molecular modeling methods. In the next stage, by considering the structure of the catalytic intermediate, trifluoroethanol (TFE) and trifluoroethyl butyrate were proposed as potential inhibitors of the enzyme. The putative binding mode of these compounds was studied with the use of a docking program, which revealed that they can fit well into the enzyme. To study the role of these potential enzyme inhibitors in the metabolic pathway of E. coli, their effects on the growth of this bacterium were studied. The results showed that growth was considerably reduced in the presence of these inhibitors. Changes in the profile of the metabolic products were studied by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Remarkable changes were observed in the quantity of acetate, but other products were less altered. In this study, inhibition of growth by the two inhibitors as reflected by a change in the metabolism of E. coli suggests the potential use of these compounds (particularly TFE) as bacteriostatic agents.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.2.1-2.8
• /
• 2018

This study evaluated hemato-histological changes of black porgy in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) with three different ozone doses (no ozone, 20 g, and $40g\;ozone/kg\;feed\;day^{-1}$). During the 44-day study, black porgy did not show significant behavior changes or mortalities in both the ozonated systems displaying average total residual oxidants concentrations of 0.12 and 0.25 mg/L. There were no differences in growth and blood parameters among the systems. However, histological alterations on gills and livers were observed in both the treatment systems. In the higher ozone dose, signs of cellular damage were more apparent. Although the ozone doses did not manifest a serious adverse effect on growth and hematological observations in this short-term study, an ozone dose should not exceed $20g\;ozone/kg\;feed\;day^{-1}$ for black porgy based on the histological result. In order to use ozone in a seawater RAS, further studies will be needed to evaluate long-term effects of total residual oxidants.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.258-263
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this research is to present a practical method for efficiently monitoring a reliability growth process using AMSAA(Army Materiel Systems Analysis Activity) reliability growth model. The presented method is viable for identifying failure modes, incorporating design changes and monitoring reliability progress on an on-going basis during the early stages of a product development program. According to the Application Guide for EN 50126(RAM part for Rolling Stock), reliability growth monitoring is essential part of the main tasks of design phase in RAM growth monitoring. Implementation of reliability growth management program will provide very useful information on concept selection, product/process reliability, and cost effectiveness without too much time, money and engineering effort being spent on the development of failure suspect parts.