• Advances in environmental research
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.125-142
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• 2012

Clean development mechanism (CDM) validity study was conducted to suggest better and more adaptable CDM scenario on water treatment plant (WTP). Potential four scenarios for CDM project; improvement of intake pumping efficiency, hydro power plant construction, solar panel construction and system optimization of mechanical mixing process were evaluated on S-WTP in Korea. Net present value (NPV) of each scenario was estimated based on sensitivity analysis with the variable factors to investigate the CDM validity percentile. Hydro power plant construction was the best option for CDM business with 97.76% validity and $1,127,069 mean profit by 9,813 $tonsCO_2e$/yr reduction. CDM validity on improvement of intake pumping efficiency was 90.2% with $124,305 mean profit by huge amount of $CO_2$ mitigation (10,347 $tonsCO_2e$/yr). System optimization of mechanical mixing process reduced 15% of energy consumption (3,184 $tonsCO_2e$/yr) and its CDM validity and mean profit was 77.25% and $23,942, respectively. Solar panel construction could make the effect of 14,094 $tonsCO_2$ mitigation annually and its CDM validity and mean profit was 64.68% and $228,487, respectively.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.41-63
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• 2003

CDM(Clean Development Mechanism) project is said to be a mechanism, which profits both the investing country and the host country, while additionally contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases of the earth as a whole. However in reality, most of the proposed projects do not end up in agreement because of the problems related to differences in recognition between the investing country and the host country of the CDM project. This outlines the background for this research which proposes a new design of institutional arrangements of CDM projects in the Northeast Asian region, mainly Japan, China and Korea. In addition, we investigate the feasibility of the proposed design. The research firstly focuses on the reduction in transaction costs that the participation of Korea will have on a Japan-China CDM project. This paper further emphasizes the potential gains that would materialize if a CDM project involved the whole Northeast Asian region, and not only one country. Our research suggests that an approximate reduction of 23% in transaction costs, and about 4% reduction in the total costs of a CDM project can be expected to follow the Korean participation. In addition to decreasing costs we find that a Korean involvement in a CDM project with Japan will lead to efficiency gains illustrated by a higher increase in the IRR(Internal rate of return) in a Japan-Korea project(11.45% to 12.21%) compared to an IRR incresement of 10.57% to 11.27% for a pure Japanese CDM project. Similar results of a rise in the IRR is found for the whole investment period of 20 years. We can hence conclude that Korean participation in a Japan-China CDM project would improve the implementation possibilities of CDM project in the Northeast Asia region.

• 교통기술과정책
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2010

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.282-284
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• 2006

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2007

A/R CDM(Afforestation/Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism) in Kyoto Mechanism means, either afforestation in the area used for other purposes more than 50 years or reforestation in the area used for other purposes on December 31st in 1989. South Korea has few sites due to the successful forestation in the past, but North Korea has not reforested the deforested lands since the mid-1970's. So these areas need to apply A/R CDM Project for restoration. The purposes of this study are to make a time series analysis in deforested areas and to estimate a feasibility of A/R CDM. To find the site satisfying A/R CDM business definition, land cover classification was applied using satellite images of the mid-1970's with good forestation, late 1980's including A/R CDM base year, and recent 2000's, and the chronological change was analyzed to categorize the possible sites. The North Korean topographical map of 1977 was used to verify land cover classification degree of 1970's, the land cover classification results made by the Ministry of Environment in 2000 were compared to verify the accuracy of 1980's results, and the land cover classification results in 2000's were verified by 2 site visits. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. The eligible A/R CDM sites are 605,156ha on the basis of the forestation change analysis in North Korea. Since the mid-1970's, 30.8% of the decreased forestation area of 1,966,306ha was classified into A/R CDM eligible sites. While other countries have the limited eligible sites, which has not been used for forestation since 1989 or which is being scattered, North Korea has large scale sites. Deforested sites are mainly around road and residential area, consequently give better accessibility for forestation than other countries. In conclusion, it is found that North Korea can provide efficient site for applying A/R COM Project to forestation restoring deforested land because of easy accessibility and existence of many possible sites due to artificial deforestation. Also, it is meaningful that the study suggests the application possibility of A/R COM Project to restore deforested land in North Korea and the related basic information through the chronological classification of the mid-1970's with good forestation, the late-1980's including A/R COM base year, and recent 2000's. It is expected that the study contributes to revitalization of A/R CDM Project and related research on North Korea forestation.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.427-447
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• 2011

전 지구적으로 온실가스 저감을 위한 노력의 일환으로 탄소시장을 통해 적극적인 노력을 하고 있다. 탄소시장을 통해 온실가스를 줄일 수 있는 옵션은 배출권 거래제와 탄소세를 이용한 방안이 있다. 또한 의무감축 대상국과 개도국과의 협력을 통해서 탄소를 저감할 수 있는 청정개발시장(CDM)이 있다. 동북아 탄소시장은 탄소저감 의무가 있는 일본과 신재생에너지 개발 가능성이 높은 중국 그리고 개도국과 감축의무국 사이에 일정량의 탄소 감축을 시행할 가능성이 높은 우리나라로 구성되어 있어 삼국이 협력한다면 유럽의 ETS와 같은 협력적 국제 탄소시장이 탄생할 수 있을 것이다. 한 중 일 3국의 협력이 이루어지기 위해서는 많은 장애요인들이 극복되어야 한다. 가장 우선적으로는 자국에서 개발된 기술에 대한 지나친 보호, 자국에서 제공하는 CDM 사업본의 동북아 헤기회에 대한 무리한 자본 및 기술참여(공개) 요구, CDM 사업의 결과로 얻게 되는 탄소 Credit의 배분과 관련된 자국이기주의가 극복되어야 한다. 또한 중국과 일본의 동북아 헤게모니 장악과 관련된 소리 없는 전쟁은 내부적 협력을 방해하는 가장 주요한 요인이 될 수 있다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.327-350
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• 2007

A single window platform must be successfully established by implementing CDM/UCR in WCO and UNeDocs in UN/CEFACT, which is part of the framework of standards for secure and facilitate global trade. Core success factors in single window platform for international trade depend on political innovative capacity, advanced leadership of high ranking officials and departments in charge, effective collaborations between the ministries and offices concerned which are supported by supreme executives, self-controlled coordinations between users, convenience and access availability to users, promotion and marketing, identification on predictive impediments, financial raising and revenue model payable, communication's strategy, valid legal basis etc. To settle a stable ubiquitous e-trade platform, firstly, procedures and practices of customs clearance which different from one another mutually must be standardized globally. Secondly, the international standard electronic data exchanges must be introduced to facilitate and simplify customs clearing procedures by holding administrative informations in common between public institutions. thirdly, cooperative work model must be accepted with enhancing outsourcing business between reference groups (export-import firms and IT service providers).

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2018

The Korean government submitted the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) to UNFCCC which aims to reduce 37% greenhouse gas emission for the opportunity of developing new energy industry and industry innovation by 2030 compared with Business-As-Usual scenario taking into account its international responsibilities and hosting headquarters of Green Climate Fund (GCF) secretariat. The 37% reduction is composed of 25.7% in the domestic markets and 11.3% in the international carbon markets. To achieve the reduction target in the international carbon market mechanisms, it must use the linkage of international carbon markets and develop new renewable energy technology for CDM and ODA. Finally, it must improve carbon capture storage (CCS) technology and establish domestic CCS institutional systems as soon as possible. And, it must activate CCS information exchange for the international cooperation on UNFCCC movement.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.841-849
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• 2023

Corallina pilulifera (CP) is prevalent along the Korean coastline and belongs to the Corallinaceae family, exhibiting growth throughout all seasons. This study confirmed the role of calcium supplementation through CP, calcined CP (CCP), and a commercial calcium powder, highlighting variations in dosage within animal models induced by a calcium-deficient diet. Analysis of calcium absorption was conducted by assessing the serum and urine calcium levels during the feeding periods. Serum calcium content was significantly higher in the control group (CON, 9.79 mg/dL) than in the calcium-deficient model (CDM, 6.15 mg/dL). The calcium content of urine was significantly higher than that of CON (0.20 mg/dL) compared with CDM (0.08 mg/dL). Reticular bone thickness showed no significant differences between the CON and CDM groups. Additionally, micro-CT results demonstrated a reduction in the trabecular volume and a significant difference between the number of strands and the average interval of the reticular bone. In conclusion, CP serves as a promising source of calcium supplementation. Therefore, these findings emphasize that CP is of sufficient value as an industrial material related to calcium metabolism.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.37-56
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• 2016

본 연구는 한국기업의 미얀마 전력시장 진출방안에 관한 시사점을 제시하기 위한 것으로 에너지 정책, 전력 공급과 수요, 주변국과의 관계 및 기후변화 등을 중심으로 미얀마 전력시장의 특성을 살펴보고 SWOT분석을 실시하였다. 기회요인으로는 에너지전략의 수정, 에너지 통합기구의 출범, 전력에너지 포트폴리오 변화, 빠른 경제발전과 전력수요의 증가, 청정개발체제 등이 나타났으며, 위협요인으로는 높은 계약 불이행 가능성, 높은 전력 손실율과 낮은 전기보급률, 주변국으로의 에너지 수출증가, 기후변화 취약성 등으로 파악되었다. 진출방안으로는 전력공급 측면에서의 제약을 극복하기 위한 열병합발전 (CHP)의 활용, 교토의정서의 청정개발체제 (CDM)의 활용, 투자위험의 감소를 위한 다자개발은행 (MDB)의 활용을 제시하였다.