• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.513-519
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• 2012

Although the immense efforts have been made for cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment, cancer morbidity and mortality has not been decreased during last forty years. Especially, lung cancer is top-ranked in cancer-associated human death. Therefore, effective strategy is strongly required for the management of lung cancer. In the present study, we found that novel daphnane diterpenoids, yuanhualine (YL), yuanhuahine (YH) and yuanhuagine (YG) isolated from the flower of Daphne genkwa (Thymelaeaceae), exhibited potent anti-proliferative activities against human lung A549 cells with the $IC_{50}$ values of 7.0, 15.2 and 24.7 nM, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the daphnane diterpenoids induced cell-cycle arrest in the G0/G1 as well as G2/M phase in A549 cells. The cell-cycle arrests were well correlated with the expression of checkpoint proteins including the up-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and p53 and down-regulation of cyclin A, cyclin B1, cyclin E, cyclin dependent kinase 4, cdc2, phosphorylation of Rb and cMyc expression. In the analysis of signal transduction molecules, the daphnane diterpenoids suppressed the activation of Akt, STAT3 and Src in human lung cancer cells. The daphnane diterpenoids also exerted the potent anti-proliferative activity against anticancer-drug resistant cancer cells including gemcitabine-resistant A549, gefitinib-, erlotinib-resistant H292 cells. Synergistic effects in the growth inhibition were also observed when yuanhualine was combined with gemcitabine, gefitinib or erlotinib in A549 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that the novel daphnane diterpenoids might provide lead candidates for the development of therapeutic agents for human lung cancers.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2006

To determine the anticancer effect of D-amygdalin (D-mandelinitrole-${\beta}$-D-gentiobioside) in human chronic myeloid leukemia cells K562, we profiled the gene expression between amygdalin treatment and control groups. Through 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the cytotoxicity of D-amygdalin was $57.79{\pm}1.83%$ at the concentration of 5 mg/mL for 24 h. We performed cDNA microarray analysis and compared the gene expression profiles between D-amygdalin (5 mg/mL, 24 h) treatment and control groups. Among the genes changed by D-amygdalin, we paid attention to cell cycle-related genes, and particularly cell cycle regulator genes; because arrest of cell cycle processing was ideal tactic in remedy for cancer. In our data, expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27, Kip1) (CDKN1B), ataxia telangiectasia mutated (includes complementation groups A, C, and D) (ATM), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C (p57, Kip2) (CDKN1C), and CHK1 checkpoint homolog (CHEK1, formally known as CHK1) were increased, while expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A), and cyclin E1 (CCNE1) were decreased. The pattern of these gene expressions were confirmed through RT-PCR. Our results showed that D-amygdalin might control cell cycle regulator genes and arrest S phase of cell cycle in K562 cells as the useful anticancer drug.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.22-25
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• 2006

Ochrobactrum anthropi, previously known as Achromobacter species biotypes 1 and 2 (CDC groups Vd-1, Vd-2), belong to the groups of non-Enterobacteriaceae- nonfermentative Gram negative bacilli. Achromobacter is not presently a recognized genus. Achromobacter xylosoxidans has been transferred to genus Alcaligenes as A. xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans, and "Achromobacter" sp. group Vd has been named Ochrobactrum anthropi. O. anthropi was isolated from a blood culture. Organisms were identified as O. anthropi by use of the biochemical test and the VITEK 2(bioMerieux, USA). The Organism was susceptible only to colistin, imipenem, meropenem, and tetracycline, but were resistant to amikacin, aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, cefpirome, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, isepamcin, netilmicin, pefloxacin, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, tobramycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. We report the clinical and microbiologic characteristics of O. anthropi infection in the patient. This is the first case of O. anthropi infection after using a plant as medicine at Chosun University Hospital.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2000

Recently developed cDNA microarray or DNA chip technology allows expression monitoring of expression of hundreds and thousands of genes simultaneously and provides a format for identifying genes as well as changes in their activity. In order to search for changes in gene expression after X irradiation in HL60 cells, cDNA microarray technique was done. In this study, expression of 588 human genes (including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, cell cycle regulator genes, intracellular signal transduction modulator genes, apoptosis related genes, transcription factor genes, growth factors and receptor genes, cytokine genes, etc) were analyzed. For cDNA microarray analysis mRNAs were extracted from control and 8 Gy-irradiated HL60 cells. As a result the changes in expression of several genes were observed. This alteration of gene expression was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The expression of heat shock 60 KD protein, c-jun, erythroid differentiation factor, CPP32, myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen, MAP kinase-activated protein kinase, interleukin-8, monocyte chemotactic peptide 1 and RANTES genes was increased, but the expression of p55CDC gene was decreased after X irradiation.

• 분석과학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 1993

오존층 파괴물질로 규명된 CDC 113의 대체 세정제를 수집하여 실험적인 방법으로 밀도, 표면장력, 굴절지수, 비점, pH, 점도, 인화점, 용해도를 측정하였다. 대체세정제는 크게 수계 세정제, 준수계 세정제, 알코올 및 케톤계 세정제, 할로겐 세정제로 나누어서 측정한 물성들을 비교하였다. 전자산업의 잔자회로기판(PCB)에 사용되는 flux의 주성분인 abietic acid와 각 세정제의 용해실험은 HPLC를 사용하여 용해도를 구하였다. 각 분류별 세정제는 장단점을 갖추고 있으며 최종 사용자는 물성에 의한 세정제의 효율성과 세정방법 뿐만 아니라 안정성, 경제성을 종합적으로 고려해야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 시판중인 CFC 113의 대체 세정제를 수집하여 물성을 측정하고 비교함으로써 사용자가 원하는 최적의 대체 세정제를 선정하는 데 기본적인 자료를 제공하는 것이다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.146-153
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• 2006

Cell polarity is critical for the division, differentiation, migration, and signaling of eukaryotic cells. RAX2 of budding yeast encodes a membrane protein localized at the cell cortex that helps maintain the polarity of the bipolar pattern. Here, we designate SPAC6f6.06c as $rax2^+$ of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, based on its sequence homology with RAX2, and examine its function in cell polarity. S. pombe $rax2^+$ is not essential, but ${\Delta}rax2$ cells are slightly smaller and grow slower than wild type cells. During vegetative growth or arrest at G1 by mutation of cdc10, deletion of $rax2^+$ increases the number of cells failing old end growth just after division. In addition, this failure of old end growth is dramatically increased in ${\Delta}tea1{\Delta}rax2$, pointing to genetic interaction of $rax2^+$ with $tea1^+$. ${\Delta}rax2$ cells contain normal actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, but lack actin cables, and the polarity factor for3p is not properly localized at the growing tip. In ${\Delta}rax2$ cells, and endogenous rax2p is localized at the cell cortex of growing cell tips in an actin- and microtubule-dependent manner. However, ${\Delta}rax2$ cells show no defects in cell polarity during shmoo formation and conjugation. Taken together, these observations suggest that rax2p controls the cell polarity of fission yeast during vegetative growth by regulating for3p localization.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2010

Purpose: Most surgeons administer prophylactic antibiotics for 3 to 5 days postoperatively. However, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) guideline recommends antibiotic therapy for 24 hours or less in clean/uncontaminated surgery. Thus, we prospectively studied the use of short term prophylactic antibiotic therapy after gastric cancer surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 103 patients who underwent gastric cancer surgery between October 2007 and June 2008 were prospectively enrolled in a short term prophylactic antibiotics program. One gram of cefoxitin was administered 30 minutes before the incision, and one additional gram was administered intraoperatively for cases with an operation time over 3 hours. Postoperatively, one gram was administered 3 times, every 8 hours. Patients were checked routinely for fever. All cases received open surgery, and the surgical wounds were dressed and checked for Surgical Site Infection (SSI) daily. Results: Of the 103 patients, 15 were dropped based on exclusion criteria (severe organ dysfunction, combined resection of the colon, etc). The remaining 88 patients were included in the short-term program of prophylactic antibiotic use. Of these patients, SSIs were detected in 8 (9.1%) and fever after 2 postoperative days was detected in 11 (12.5%). The incidence of SSIs increased with patient age, and postoperative fever correlated with operation time. Conclusions: Short term prophylactic antibiotic usage is feasible in patients who undergo gastric cancer surgery, and where there are no grave comorbidities or combined resection.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2004

방사선작업종사자에게 발생한 암의 방사선 인과도를 평가하기 위한 통계적 측도로 인과확률(Probability of Causation)이 주로 이용된다. 인과확률의 계산 과정에는 다양한 형태의 불확실성이 존재하며, 따라서 인과확률은 하나의 점추정치(point estimate)가 아니라 여러 불확실성을 반영한 분포 또는 신뢰구간으로 평가되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 국내 방사선작업종사자에게서 발생한 암의 방사선 인과도를 평가하기 위하여, 한국인의 기저자료를 반영하며 가장 최근에 발표된 NCI-CDC 모형에 근거하여 인과확률의 분포를 계산하도록 개발된 전산 프로그램 RHRI-PEPC를 소개한다. 또한 방사선작업종사자의 가상 피폭시나리오에 대한 모의실험을 통해, 인과확률의 점추정치와 불확실성 분포에 의한 방사선 인과도 평가 결과의 차이를 살펴보고 분포에 의한 평가의 경우 적절한 신뢰도 선택의 필요성을 제시한다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing for the compliance of guidelines of preventing bloodborne infection for operating room nurses. Method: Data was collected through questionnaires from March 16 to April 12, 2005. The subjects of this study were consisted of 208 operating room nurses, who had been working at 4 university hospitals and 10 general hospitals in Busan. The Instrument for the compliance of guidelines for preventing bloodborne infection was 24-item questionnaire. It was revised based on the Standard Precaution of CDC and Bloodborne Pathogen Standards of OSHA. In addition, to find out the knowledge level of AIDS, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, 15-item questionnaire was used, which had been made by researcher based on Kim(1999) et, al. Results: The affecting factors of compliance for preventing bloodborne infection were work skill(${\beta}=.27$), operating room education on infection prevention(${\beta}=.25$), knowledge on infection(${\beta}=.19$), readiness of using personal protective equipment(${\beta}=.18$), and posting a notice of infected surgery patients(${\beta}=.16$). Theses 5 factors account for 28.5% on the compliance of guidelines for preventing bloodborne infection for operating room nurses. Conclusion: According to the results, to increase the compliance level of operating room nurses, personal efforts should be made to improve work skills and infection knowledge. In addition to organizational efforts on practical education and management of environment were required.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the injury mechanism of facial injury related to an air-bag's deployment in occupant motor vehicle accident (MVA) by using Hospital Information System (HIS) and reconstruction program, based on the materials related to motor vehicle accidents. Among patients who visited the emergency department of Wonju Severance Christian Hospital due to motor vehicle accidents from August 2012 to February 2014, we collected data on patients with agreement for taking the damaged vehicle's photos. After obtaining the verbal consent from the patient, we asked about the cause of the accident, information on vehicle involved in the accident, and the location of car repair shop. The photos of the damaged vehicle were taken on the basis of front, rear, left side and right side. Damage to the vehicle was presented using the CDC code by analytical study of photo-images of the damaged vehicle, and a trauma score was used for medical examination of the severity of the patient's injury. Among the 309 patients with agreement for an investigation, thirty five (11.3 %) were the severe who had ISS over 15. And also, sixteen (5.2%) derived from the reconstructed data (maximum collision energy, maximum acceleration, delta V) by PC-Crash. As a result, ISS including the facial injuries was affected by the condition. It was high when the number of crash extent, the safety belt was not fastened, and the seating position of occupant and the direction of collision is same. For accurate analysis of the relationship between occupant injury and vehicle damage in MVAs, build-up of an in-depth database through carrying out various policies for motor vehicle accidents is necessary for sure.