• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.515-523
• /
• 2016

Adhesion events of monocytes represent an important step in inflammatory responses induced by chemokines. The ${\beta}1$-integrin CD29 is a major adhesion molecule regulating leukocyte migration and extravasation. Although several adhesion molecules have been known as regulators of CD29, the molecular interactions between CD29 and its regulatory adhesion molecules (such as CD98 and CD147) have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we examined whether these molecules are functionally, biochemically, and cell-biologically associated using monocytic U937 cells treated with aggregation-stimulating and blocking antibodies, as well as enzyme inhibitors. The surface levels of CD29, CD98, and CD147 (but not CD43, CD44, and CD82) were increased. The activation of CD29, CD98, and CD147 by ligation of them with aggregation-activating antibodies triggered the induction of cell-cell adhesion, and sensitivity to various enzyme inhibitors and aggregation-blocking antibodies was similar for CD29-, CD98-, and CD147-induced U937 cell aggregation. Molecular association between these molecules and the actin cytoskeleton was confirmed by confocal microscopy and immunoprecipitation. These results strongly suggest that CD29 might be modulated by its biochemical and cellular regulators, including CD98 and CD147, via the actin cytoskeleton.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 2009

Cell-cell adhesion managed by various adhesion molecules plays an important role in regulating functional activation of cells. This event mediates attachment of inflammatory cells to endothelial cells, interaction of antigen-presenting cells with T cells and metastatic adherence of cancer cells to epithelial tissue cells. Therefore, this cellular response is considered as one of therapeutic target to treat various cancers and inflammatory diseases. To develop proper model for evaluation of functional activation of adhesion molecules, the ability of U937 and Jurkat T cells responsive to various adhesion inducers such as phorbal-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), staurosporin and monoclonal antibodies to CD29, CD43 and CD98 was investigated using quantitative cell-cell adhesion assay. U937 cells made more cell-cell clusters by the treatment of antibodies to CD29 and CD43 than Jurkat T cells, while Jurkat T cells exhibited increased cell-cell adhesion ability in CD98 antibody treatment. In agreement, the surface levels of CD29 and CD98 were highly observed in U937 and Jurkat T cells, respectively. Therefore, our data suggest that Jurkat T and U937 cells can be used for model system to evaluate functional activation of adhesion molecules such as CD29 and CD98.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2012.05a
• /
• pp.98.1-98.1
• /
• 2012

CdS/CdTe 박막 태양전지의 경우 높은 광흡수 계수를 가지고 있는 CdTe 다결정 박막을 흡수층으로이용 한다. CdTe 다결정 박막의 경우 CdS/CdTe 계면과 박막 내부에 많은 결함들이 존재 하며, CdTe 박막 내부에 존재하는 캐리어의 수를 증가 시키기 위하여 $CdCl_2$ 활성화 공정을 거치게 된다. 이때 박막의 물성 변화를 분석 하기 위하여, X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)를 이용하여 박막 표면 분석을 진행 하였다. 이를 통해 박막 표면에서 산소가 Cd와 Te과 결합하면서 산화막이 생성되는 것을 확인하였다. 박막 표면에 생성된 산화막은 후면 금속 전극 형성을 위해, 용액 공정을 통하여 제거 되는데, 이때 CdTe 박막 표면에서 Cd이 용액에 의해 제거 되는 것을 확인 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.33 no.11
• /
• pp.1260-1266
• /
• 1996

The effects of SiO2 MnO2 and sintering atmospheres (O2, N2) on the piezoelectric properties and densification behaviors of Pb0.98Cd0.02Zr0.36Ti0.39Ni0.083Nb0.167O3 were investigated. The addition of SiO2 to the system enhanced the rate of densification but supressed the rate of grain growth. On the other hand the addition of MnO2 to the system did not nearly affect the rate of densification but increased slightly the rate of grain growth The densification of Pb0.98Cd0.02Zr0.36Ti0.39Ni0.083Nb0.167O3 containing of SiO2 or MnO2 was promoted with increasing the partial pressure of O2. The relative dielectric constant ($\varepsilon$r) and piezoelectric constant (d33) of Pb0.98Cd0.02Zr0.36Ti0.39Ni0.083Nb0.167O3 containing of SiO2 or MnO2 sintered under O2 atmosphere were higher than under N2 atmosphere. Whereas the mechanical quality factor (Qm) of specimens sintered under O2 atmosphere were lower than under N2 atmosphere. Thus the sintering atmosphere of O2 and N2 in Pb0.98Cd0.02Zr0.36Ti0.39Ni0.083Nb0.167O3 containing of SiO2 or MnO2 acted as donor and acceptor respectively. As the amount of SiO2 increased the relative dielectric constant ($\varepsilon$r) and piezoelectric constant (d33) of Pb0.98Cd0.02Zr0.36Ti0.39Ni0.083Nb0.167O3 but the mechanical quality factor (Qm) did not nearly change, In the case of the addition of MnO2 to the system the relative dielectric constant ($\varepsilon$r) and piezoelectric constant (d33) of Pb0.98Cd0.02Zr0.36Ti0.39Ni0.083Nb0.167O3 sintered under O2 atmosphere decreased rapidly with increasing the amount of MnO2 but they were unchanged with increasing the amount of MnO2 under N2 sintering atmosphere. Therefore the differences of the relative dielect-ric constant ($\varepsilon$r) and piezoelectric constant (d33) due to sintering atmosphere were diminished as the amount of MnO2 increased.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.606-613
• /
• 1998

Cadmium is one of the well-known environmental toxicants and induces cancer in rodents and human, but its carcinogenic mechanism has not been well demonstrated until now. Genotoxic effects of cadmium in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100 and TA1535/pSK1002 or in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells were investigated to elucidate the tumor initiating effects of cadmium. TA98, TA100 and TA1535/pSK1002 tester strains were used to detect frameshift mutation, base-pair mutation and SOS repair response, respectively, in Salmonella mutation test. Reverse mutations from histidine to $histidin^+$ of Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 by $CdCl_2$ were not significantly different from control up to the maximum doses ($100{\mu}M$ and $200{\mu}M$ in TA98 and TA100, respectively) at which non-cytotoxicity was observed. DNA SOS repair responses(${\beta}$-galactosidase activity) generally did not show significant increases compared to control in both of the conditions with or without metabolic activation in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 by $CdCl_2$. But the activities of ${\beta}$-galactosidase by $400{\mu}M$ of $CdCl_2$ in metabolic activation condition and by 130 and $400{\mu}M$ of $CdCl_2$ in non-metabolic activation condition were more decreased than those of control. DNA single strand breaks for 4hrs were observed only in WB-F344 rat liver epithelial cells treated with $200{\mu}M$ of $CdCl_2$. As a conclusion, $CdCl_2$ did not induce gene mutation in microbials but induce DNA single strand breaks in rat liver epithelial cells.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.218-222
• /
• 2001

Three weeks old Commelina was cultivated in Hoagland solution with or without $(\pm{100\mu{M}\;Cd^{2+}$ and with $100\mu{M}\;Cd^{2+}+100\mu{M\; SA)$ for 4 days. The contents of $Cd^{2+}$ and nonprotein-SH synthesis in roots and isolated epidermal strips were measured. In the treatment of $Cd^{2+}$, the concentration of $Cd^{2+}$ was $98\mu{M}\;Cd^{2+}$/g.fr.wt and it was 6 times higher than that of control. $Cd^{2+}$+SA increased 1.2 times higher concentration of $Cd^{2+}$ than that of the treatment ofTEX>$Cd^{2+}$ alone. In the treatment of TEX>$Cd^{2+}$, nonprotein-SH also increased 2 times higher than that of the control. TEX>$Cd^{2+}$ + SA increased 2 times higher concentration of nonprotein-SH than that of the treatment of TEX>$Cd^{2+}$ as well. In case of isolated epidermal strips, the response was similar with the roots. Therefore, it suggest that the effect of salicylic acid on the accumulation of TEX>$Cd^{2+}$ and nonprotein-SH synthesis in roots, and isolated epidermal strips was related with an increase of the membrane permeability by SA and that SA may be positively involved in the process of nonprotein- SH synthesis.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.337-342
• /
• 2019

The aim of this study was to analyze cells from human dental pulp tissue of impacted supernumerary teeth as stem cells with flow cytometry. Human dental pulp cells from 15 supernumerary teeth were identified their characteristics as stem cells by expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers through flow cytometry analysis at passage 3 and passage 10. Cluster of differentiation (CD) 73, CD 90, CD 34, CD 45 and STRO-1 cell surface markers were used to figure out characteristics of dental pulp stem cells from supernumerary teeth. At passage 3, the cell population showed positive expression of CD 73, CD90 and STRO-1, lacked expression of CD 34 and CD 45. At passage 10, CD 73, CD 90 and STRO-1 showed positive expression while CD 34 and CD 45 showed negative expression. This study indicated that dental pulp stem cells of supernumerary teeth had the properties of mesenchymal stem cells at both early and late passage. Impacted supernumerary teeth could be considered as a noble source of stem cells because of rapid growth and maintaining characteristics of stem cells until late passage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2003.02a
• /
• pp.98-98
• /
• 2003

• Digital Contents
• /
• no.12 s.31
• /
• pp.96-98
• /
• 1995

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.263-268
• /
• 2000

The effect of $Cd^{2+}$ on stomatal apertures of epidermal strips and intact leaves in Commelina communis L. was investigated. Cadmium stimulated stomatal opening. The stomata, treated with 100 $\mu$M $Cd^{2+}$ opened to a degree of about 8.38 fm, but the stomata, treated with no cadmium opened to 3.74 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. In order to show that there was no mechanical or osmotic impediment preventing the stomata in the epidermal strips, salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) were used. The treatment of 100 $\mu$M SA and 1 $\mu$M ABA inhibited 14% and 28% of stomatal opening, respectively. Other heavy metals such as $Al^{3+} and Ag^{2+}$ were also used to investigate the effect of the stomatal apertures. The treatment of $Al^{3+} and Ag^{2+}$ also stimulated 19% and 41% of stomatal opening. To understand how cadmium open stomata, the effect of cadmium on the K+ influx into the epidermal strips was investigated. $Cd^{2+}$, SA, ABA inhibited 98%, 28%, 34% of K+ uptake respectively. 3-weeks old Commelina was transferred to and grown in Hoagland solution (0,5 mM $Cd^{2+}$, 10 mM $Cd^{2+}$) for 4 days and stomatal conductance were measured. The treatment of 5 mM $Cd^{2+}$ and 10 mM $Cd^{2+}$ showed about 51% and 70% inhibition of stomatal conductance, respectively Therefore, it could be concluded that stomata in epidermal strips and intact leaves behaved differently and cadmium- stimulated stomatal opening was due to the result of cadmium uptake into the epidermal strips instead of K+. [cadmium, stomata, stomatal conductance]