• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2020

In this study, we analyzed a cold draw (CD) bar packaging automation facility to examine its structural safety. The structural analysis focused on the frame part of the automatic packing machine for the CD round rod widely used in the industrial field, as well as the package supply device, banding suit, and crane part. As a result, we concluded that the structural safety for the banding suit, crane, and package supply device have been secured (safety factors of 9.8, 7.5, and 14.5, respectively). In addition, the safety factor of the transfer was 4.0.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.475-478
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• 2006

부산 일부지역 토양의 중금속 오염과 농작물로의 전이에 의한 중금속 오염을 측정하고자 산분해에 의한 함량분석을 실험하였다. 대상지역 토양의 pH는 $5.62{\sim}6.71$의 범위였으며, 평균 중금속 함량은 $0.05{\sim}19.39ppm$의 범위에서 Mn(13.82ppm)>Zn(8.33ppm)>Pb(2.89ppm)>Cu(0.99ppm)>Cd (0.07ppm)의 분포로 나타났고, 조사대상 중금속의 토양중의 함량은 모두 Clarke수보다 작은 값으로 측정되어 오염도가 낮은 상태였다. 농작물에는 Cd(0.04ppm)$Pb\;6.6%{\sim}Zn\;87.6%$의 범위였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.873-877
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• 2006

We have fabricated top omission organic light emitting diodes with transparent Ba/Ag double layer cathodes deposited by using thermal evaporation method. The device structure was $glass/Ni(200nm)/2-TNATA(15 nm)/{\alpha}-NPD(15nm)Al_{q3}:C545T\;(1%,\;35nm)/BCP(5nm)/Ba(10nm)/Ag(8nm)$. The optical transmittance of the Ba(10 nm)/Ag(8 nm) layer was over 60 % in the visible wavelength region. The maximum efficiency of the device was $13.7\;cd/A\;at\;0.69\;mA/cm^{2}$ and the efficiency of over 10 cd/A was achieved at wide range of current densities and luminances.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.280-284
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to investigate the removal of heavy metal by using the coprecipitation of barium sulfate. Several parameters governing the efficiency of the coprecipitation method were evaluated by the pH of sample solution, amount of coprecipitant, and addition of sulfide for the removal of As(V), Cd(II), Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) metal ions ($10{\mu}g/ml$ each). The coprecipitation was about 80% - 95% only for lead at low pH but under 10% for other ions. The amount of removal was about 95% - 100% for Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu in the all pH range by the addition of sulfide with barium sulfate but As(V) and Cr(III, VI) ions were not affected by the same conditions.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.138-146
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• 2009

Background: The MHC region of the chromosome contains a lot of genes involved in immune responses. Here we have investigated the mouse NG29/Cd320 gene in the centrometrically extended MHC region of chromosome 17. Methods: We cloned the NG29 gene by RT-PCR and confirmed the tissue distribution of its gene expression by northern blot hybridization. We generated the NG29 gene expression constructs and polyclonal antibody against the NG29 protein to perform the immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation and flow cytometric analysis. Results: The murine NG29 gene and its human homologue, the CD320/8D6 gene, were similar in the gene structure and tissue expression patterns. We cloned the NG29 gene and confirmed its expression in plasma membrane and intracellular compartments by transfecting its expresssion constructs into HEK 293T cells. The immunoprecipitation studies with rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against the NG29-NusA fusion protein indicated that NG29 protein was a glycoprotein of about 45 kDa size. A flow cytometric analysis also showed the NG29 expression on the surface of Raw 264.7 macrophage cell line. Conclusion: These findings suggested that NG29 gene in mouse extended MHC class II region was the orthologue of human CD320 gene even though human CD320/8D6 gene was located in non-MHC region, chromosome 19p13.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2020

Objectives: Prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure may be associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between Cd exposure during gestation and ADHD at 6 years of age. Methods: As part of an ongoing cohort study (the Environment and Development of Children study), 479 mother-child pairs from Seoul, Korea were included for analysis between 2008 and 2011. The whole blood concentration of Cd was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The parents were surveyed about ADHD behaviors in their children at age 6. Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship between prenatal exposure to Cd and ADHD at 6 years of age. Results: Increased prenatal Cd concentrations were associated with increased scores for ADHD for girls, but not for boys, at age 6. A 2-fold increase in the prenatal Cd level was significantly associated with a 22.3% (95% confidence interval, 11.6 to 34.1) increase in ADHD in girls at 6 years of age, as indicated by the linear regression model. Conclusions: Our results identified significant associations between prenatal Cd exposure and ADHD scores in 6-year-old girls.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.138-138
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• 2009

Recently, thin-film solar cells of Cu(In,Ga)$Se_2$(CIGS) have reached a high level of performance, which has resulted in a 19.9%-efficient device. These conventional devices were typically fabricated using chemical bath deposited CdS buffer layer between the CIGS absorber layer and ZnO window layer. However, the short wavelength response of CIGS solar cell is limited by narrow CdS band gap of about 2.42 eV. Taking into consideration the environmental aspect, the toxic Cd element should be replaced by a different material. It is why during last decades many efforts have been provided to achieve high efficiency Cd-free CIGS solar cells. In order to alternate CdS buffer layer, ZnS buffer layer is grown by using chemical bath deposition(CBD) technique. The thickness and chemical composition of ZnS buffer layer can be conveniently by varying the CBD processing parameters. The processing parameters were optimized to match band gap of ZnS films to the solar spectrum and exclude the creation of morphology defects. Optimized ZnS buffer layer showed higher optical transmittance than conventional thick-CdS buffer layer at the short wavelength below ~520 nm. Then, chemically deposited ZnS buffer layer was applied to CIGS solar cell as a alternative for the standard CdS/CIGS device configuration. This CIGS solar cells were characterized by current-voltage and quantum efficiency measurement.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.101-118
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• 2011

Herbal medicine has a high body absorption rate when it ferments. Biological and clinical research on the fermented herb gradually increases because it has effective materials for the treatment of a disease and it is a little bitter. In this study, we investigated the effect of fermented Baedokhwanbalhyobang (BDHBH) on attenuation of the development of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice by evaluating the cytokine level in serum, the mRNA expression of cytokine and histological alteration of the skin, and the skin severity. We have come to the following conclusion. BDHBH led to a significant decrease in the skin severity score (63.1%) as compared to the control group. CD4+/CD45+, CD4+, B220+/CD23+, and CD11b+/Gr-1+cells of peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the BDHBH-treated group were decreased to 6.7%, 31.1%, 22.4%, 36.6%, respectively. CD3+and CD11b+/Gr-1+immune cells in dorsal skin of the BDHBH-treated group were decreased to 52.9% and 28.0%. The levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in serum of the BDHBH-treated group were inhibited to 18.8% and 5.1%. The mRNA expressions of IL-5 and IL-13 in dorsal skin were also decreased to 30.6% and 27.8% after the treatment of BDHBH. BDHBH inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of eosinophils. In histological examination, BDHBH decreased the thickness of epidermis and dermis, and infilatration of mast cells as compared to the control group. These results indicate that BDHBH inhibits the pathogenic development of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. These results may indicate that BDHBH attenuates the development of atopic dermatitis-like lesions by lowering immune cells and inflammatory cytokine levels, and that it is valuable in drug development for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Further experiments on the components of BDHBH will be needed to better understand the effect of a fermented herb as compared to a herb.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.157-166
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• 2004

In order to understand the anti-carcinogenic effects of Boo-jung-bae-bon-bang(扶正培本方)-B1), Hwal-hyul-hwa-eo-bang(活血化瘀方-B2), Cheong-youl-hae-dok-bang(淸熱解毒方-B3), prescriptions of individual B1, B2, and B3 treatments or combined treatments (B4; B1+B2, B5; B1+B3, B6; B1+B2+83, B7; B2+83) were applied to cultured cancer cell lines. The major findings on their anti-cardnogenic effects in terms of mechanism and synergistic interactions are summarized below. Results of cytokine gene expression analyses are summarized as follows; IL-2 gene expression was increased by B1 and B6 treatments, IFN-v gene expression increased by B3, B1, B6, and 85, and CD28 gene expression increased by B1 and B5. IL-4 expression was not affected by any treatments. In the FACS analysis, increases in numbers of immunoreactive CD3/sup +//CD25/sup +/ T cells by B1 and B5 treatment, CD3/sup +//CD69/sup +/ T cells by B1, B3, B5, and B6 treatments, CD19/sup +//CD44/sup +/ B cells by B1 and B6 treatments were observed when compared to the corresponding non-treated control groups.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2024

Background: Delirium is a recognized neurological complication following cardiac surgery and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including elevated mortality and prolonged hospitalization. While several clinical risk factors for post-cardiac surgery delirium have been identified, the pathophysiology related to the immune response remains unexamined. This study was conducted to investigate the immunological factors contributing to delirium in patients after thoracic aortic surgery. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 43 consecutive patients who underwent thoracic aortic surgery between July 2017 and June 2018. These patients were categorized into 2 groups: those with delirium and those without it. All clinical characteristics were compared between groups. Blood samples were collected and tested on the day of admission, as well as on postoperative days 1, 3, 7, and 30. Levels of helper T cells (CD4), cytotoxic T cells (CD8), B cells (CD19), natural killer cells (CD56+CD16++), and monocytes (CD14+CD16-) were measured using flow cytometry. Results: The median patient age was 71 years (interquartile range, 56.7 to 79.0 years), and 21 of the patients (48.8%) were male. Preoperatively, most immune cell counts did not differ significantly between groups. However, the patients with delirium exhibited significantly higher levels of interleukin-6 and lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) than those without delirium (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that lower TNF-α levels were associated with an increased risk of postoperative delirium (p<0.05). Conclusion: Postoperative delirium may be linked to perioperative changes in immune cells and preoperative cytokine levels. Additional research is required to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying delirium.