• 태양에너지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.74-83
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• 1991

본 논문은 substrate의 온도를 $200{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ 정도로 유지하며 진공저항 가열 증착법을 이용하여 (p)ZnTe/(n)Si 태양전지와 (n)CdS-(p)ZnTe/(n)Si 복접합 박막을 제작한 후 그 전기적 특성을 조사, 비교하였다. 제작한 (p)ZnTe/(n)Si 태양전지와(n)CdS-(p)ZnTe/(n)Si 복접합 박막에 대하여 $100[mW/cm^2]$의 광조사 하에서 특성을 조사한바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 단략전류$[mA/cm^2]$ (p)ZnTe/(n)Si:28 (n)CdS-(p)ZnTe/(n)Si:6.5 개방전압[mV] (p)ZnTe/(n)Si:450 (n)CdS-(p)ZnTe/(n)Si:250 충실도, FF (p)ZnTe/(n)Si:0.65 (n)CdS-(p)ZnTe/(n)Si:0.27 변환효율[%] (p)ZnTe/(n)Si:8.19 (n)CdS-(p)ZnTe/(n)Si:2.3 제작된 박막은 열처리에 의해 성능이 향상되지만 (p)ZnTe/(n)Si 태양전지는 약 $470^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도와 15분 이상의 열처리 시간에서 그리고 (n)CdS-(p)ZnTe/(n)Si 복접합 박막은 약 $580^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도와 15분 이상의 열처리 시간에서는 박막의 각종 구조결함으로 인한 감소현상을 나타내었다. 열처리 온도의 증가에 따라 박막의 표면저항은 감소하였다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.334-342
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• 1992

연구배경 : Mycobacteria 감염에 의한 폐결핵은 세포매개성 면역 반응이 관계한다고 알려져 있는 바, 먼저 Mycobacteria가 흡입되면 T 임파구가 활성화되어 세포매개성 면역 반응을 나타낸다. 결핵환자에서 tuberculin-purified protein derivative에 대한 피부 면역반응은 주로 세포매개성 면역반응에 의해 이루어짐으로 활동성 폐결핵 환자에서는 양성반응을 나타내어야하나 활동성 폐결핵 환자에서도 음성반응(anergy)을 나타내는 경우가 있다. 저자들은 폐결핵 환자에서 말초혈액 및 기관지 폐포세액내의 임파구의 세포조성과 이들이 피부반응에 미치는 영향을 조사함으로써 활동성 폐결핵 환자에서의 PPD에 대한 피부반응 검사상 음성으로 나타나는 이유를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 11명의 정상대조군, 20명의 활동성 폐결핵 환자를 대상으로 PPD에 대한 피부 반응 검사 및 말초 혈액 및 기관지 폐포세척액의 임파구의 아형을 분석하였다. 결과 : 1) 기관지 폐포세척액내의 임파구는 환자군에서 정상대조군에 비하여 유의하게 증가되어 있었고($25.2{\pm}4.8$ vs $6.6{\pm}1.3%$, p<0.01), 단구세포(monocyte)는 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비하여 유의하게 감소되어 있었다($69.6{\pm}5.7$ vs $89.2{\pm}1.4%$, p<0.05). 2) PPD에 대한 양성 반응을 보인 환자군과 음성 반응을 보인 환자군 사이의 기관지 폐포세척 세포 조성의 비는 차이가 없었다. 3) 환자군에서 기관지 폐포세척액 내의 $CD3^+$, $CD4^+$ 임파구의 조성비는 말초혈액보다 유의하게 증가되어 있었고($CD3^+$: $76.56{\pm}2.18$ vs $57.59{\pm}2.17%$, p<0.001; $CD4^+$: $51.24{\pm}2.33$ vs $35.20{\pm}2.32%$, p<0.005), $CD3^+IL-2R^+$, $CD3^+HLA-DR^+$ 임파구의 조성비도 말초혈액보다 증가되어 있었다($CD3^+IL-2R^+$:$2.41{\pm}0.57$ vs $0.93{\pm}0.16%$, p<0.005; $CD3^+$ HLA-$DR^+$: $16.92{\pm}3.89$ vs $3.94{\pm}0.70%$, p<0.005). 4) 환자군중 PPD에 대한 양성반응을 보인 군과 음성반응을 보인 군 사이에는 기관지 폐포세척액내의 임파구의 조성의 차이 및 수에서 차이가 없었다. 5) 환자군에서 PPD에 대한 피부반응과 기관지 폐포세척 세포의 조성비 사이에는 모두 상관관계가 없었으며, PPD에 대한 피부반응과 기관지 폐포세척액 및 말초 혈액내의 임파구아형의 조성과도 상관관계가 없었다. 결론 : 결론적으로 기관지 폐포세척액내의 염증 세포와 세포매개성 면역 반응과는 직접적인 관계가 없음을 알수 있었으며, 활동성 폐결핵 환자에서의 지연성 피부 반응의 저하는 임파구의 구획에 의한 결과라는 것을 배제할 수 없었다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 1995

In order to investigate the Anti-stress effect of Guibiondamtang in the immobilization stressed rats, the level of serum catecholamine, the change of body weight, the humoral and cellular immune response were studied. The results were as follows; 1. The decrese of the body weight was significantly inhibited in test group for Guibiondamtang, comparting to the control group. 2. The increase of the level of serum norepinephrine was significantly inhibited in test group, comparing to the control group. 3. The increase of the level of serum epinephrine was significantly inhibited in test group, comparing to the control group. 4. In the hemagglutinaton titer, the control group was decreased on the serum antibody titer but test group was inhibitory effect on the decrease of sereum antibody titer. 5. In the plaque formation test, the control and test group were not shown significant differences. 6. In the foot pad swelling respopnse, the control group was decreased on DTH response but test group was increased comparing to the normal group. 7. There was no change on the distribution of lymphocyte subset(CD4, CD8), grnulocyte and macrophage analyzed by flow cytometry.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.77-94
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop the children obesity prevention program and to analyze how this program has an effect on students' degree of knowledge, attitude for obesity prevention. Methods: The study design was Compromise Experience Group Pre-Post Design. 238 students in the 4th and 5th grade of 4 elementary schools in Seoul were nonrandomly assigned to the study group(n=115) or the control group(n=113). The Program was applied for 3 times and surveys were conducted 2 times as pre-test and post-test. Results: 1. The obesity prevention CD-ROM was developed by analyzing of learners and educational facilities, selecting the study object and contents and producing educational methods and materials. The study contents were included definition, types, factors and side-effects of obesity, and It was contained dietary habit, exercise and life style for obesity prevention and healthy life. 2. Demographic characteristics were not significantly different between study group and control group. Among the subjects investigated, 27.8% of the study group and 38.1% of the control group stated that they had experienced in the obesity prevention program in past. 3. The obesity knowledge and attitude score after this obesity prevention program were improved significantly than before the program(P<0.001). Conclusion: The CD-ROM developed in this study for the children obesity prevention program was proven to be effective in improving obesity knowledge, attitude for the obesity prevention.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2008

A rapid, inexpensive enzymatic method is proposed for indirect water quality testing in terms of heavy metal toxicity. The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was applied for heavy metal toxicity test as an effective criterion in water quality. The toxicity of Pb (lead) and Cd (cadmium) for water flea, Moina macrocopa, were evaluated for $2{\sim}8\;days$ with variables of mobilization ability. And the reproduction impairment of Moina macrocopa were investigated as the parameter of chronic toxicity twst for Pb and Cd. As a result, the $EC_{50}$ for immobilization of Moina macrocopa were Pb and Cd were 1.6749 and 0.4683, respectively. The values of reproducive impairment to Moina macrocopa for Pb and Cd were 9.5938 and 8.3264 in $EC_{50}$. A significant alteration of G6PDH (Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity of Moina macrocopa was observed when Cd and Pb were treated in media. The results obtained indicate that G6PDH activity of Moina macrocopa can be used as an indicative parameter in aquatic toxicity tests for heavy metals.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.490-492
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• 2005

A study on radiation hardening of infrared(IR) detector, the chief component of IR camera was performed. The radiation test on IR sensor passivated with the ZnS by Co$^{60}$ gamma-ray over 1 Mrads showed the reduction in Ro by 1/100 which was related to the noise level. This effect that was caused by carrier trapping in the ZnS passivation layer increased the leakage current and resulted in degradation in the device performance. For the radiation hardening of IR devices we suggested the ones with CdTe passivation layer which had a tendency to reluctant to carrier trapping in its layer and developed test patterns. Radiation test to the patterns showed that the our CdTe passivated device could survived over 1 Mrad gamma-ray dose.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2013

PACS Import external image of the thread of the tasks and duties of hospital revenue and business efficiency falls over time. 500 beds or more medical imaging import work outside of the hospital, most hospitals use a PC, KIOSK, and was used in 15 hospitals where, CD Autoloader where use was the only one. Working hours compared to CD and DVD media to test the results of the Import target PC, KIOSK, CD Autoloader Import spent less time in the order, and also the greater capacity of CD Autoloader four times the PC, KIOSK 2 times Import could be implemented quickly. In addition, the waiting time of the patients was measured using the PC's time to Import, 2011 14.5 minutes and the average patient waiting time, KIOSK and later use CD Autoloader 2012 average patient wait time of 8.25 minutes, 43% of the existing average waiting time was 5.25 minutes to reduce. However, KIOSK case of a patient in a way that directly Import latency time was soon. Import of three ways: in terms of efficiency and excellent CD Autoloader way, the patient waiting time in terms of ease of use and KIOSK was excellent. In addition, with the introduction of CD Autoloader with KIOSK Joint of the items waiting time of patients and patient satisfaction rating is considered to be a major contribution.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.341-346
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• 2004

Escherichia coli의 생장을 저해하는 중금속(Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Zn) 영향을 정량적으로 조사하였고, 중금속 독성에 대한 적응과정에서의 독성변화를 노출시간대별로 평가하였다. 중금속에 의한 E. coli의 생장저해 작용은 중금속의 종류에 따라 다른 동향을 보였고, 생장을 완전 저해하는 중금속의 농도는 각각 Cu 3.5mM, Zn 2.5mM, Cd 1.5mM, Cr 1.2mM, Hg 0.12mM 이었다. $EC_{50}$을 기준으로 한 E. coli의 중금속에 대한 내성은 Cu > Zn > Cr > Cd > Hg 순이다. 노출 시간에 따른 $EC_{50}$의 변화를 plotting하여 그 기울기에 따라 피시험체의 독성물질에 대한 적응성 평가가 가능함을 보였다. 기울기 값이 작은 경우에는 피검사체가 독성물질에 대한 적응성이 약하고, 기울기 값이 크면 클수록 피시험체가 독성물질에 대한 적응성이 우수하다는 것을 의미한다. E. coli의 독성물질인 중금속에 대한 적응성은 Zn > Cd > Cu >> Cr > Hg 순 이었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2010

반응벽제 기법을 이용해 지하수내 6가 크롬($CrO_4^{2-}$)과 카드뮴($Cd^{2+}$)을 동시 제거할 경우, 새로운 반응물질인 Fe-loaded zeolite의 적용성을 평가하기 위해 파일럿 규모의 모형 토조 실험을 수행하였다. 이를 위해, 폭 2.5m, 길이 3m, 높이 1.3m의 표가를 가지는 토조를 모래로 채우고, 양단에 수두차를 주어 지하수 흐름을 유도함으로써 대수층을 묘사하였다. 이후 6가 크롬과 카드뮴을 포함한 용액을 대수층에 주입하여 오염운을 발생시키고, 지속적인 모니터링을 통해 Fe-loaded zeolite로 구성된 모형 반응벽체의 오염운 정화거동을 관찰하였다. 실험결과, Fe-loaded zeolite로 구성된 반응벽체는 6가 크롬과 카드륨 오염운을 효과적으로 제거하며, 반응벽에 고정화된 오염물은 재탈착/유출되지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 이를 통해 Fe-loaded zeolite는, Cr(VI)과 Cd과 같이 서로 다른 이온 형태를 가진 무기 오염 물질로 동시에 오염된 지하수 정화에 반응벽체를 적용함에 있어 효과적인 충진물질이 될 수 있다는 결론을 도출하였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2011

The MuSI is known as a multiple stress resistant gene with several lines. A previous study using RT-PCR showed that the expression of MuSI gene in tobacco plant induced its tolerance to Cd stress. This study was conducted to examine the enhanced Cd tolerance of the MuSI transgenic tobacco plant through germination test and to understand the role of the involved antioxidant enzymes for the exhibited tolerance. Germination rate of MuSI transgenic tobacco was more than 10% higher than that of wild-type tobacco, and seedlings of MuSI transgenic tobacco grew up to 1.6 times larger and greener than seedlings of wild-type tobacco at 200 and 300 ${\mu}M$ Cd. From the third to the fifth day, CAT activities at 100 and 200 ${\mu}M$ Cd and APX activities at 100, 200 and 300 ${\mu}M$ Cd of MuSI transgenic tobacco were up to two times higher than those of wild-type tobacco. MuSI gene is shown to enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes resulting in higher tolerance to oxidative stress compared with the control plant.