• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.388-391
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• 2017

A 8-month-old, spayed female, Domestic shorthair cat lived in a shelter was presented with pelvic limbs ataxia and dysuria. Serum biochemical profile abnormalities were hyperproteinemia and decreased albumin/globulin (A:G) ratio (0.70). Results of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis were mixed cells pleocytosis with predominance neutrophils and an increase in protein concentration. In addition, feline coronavirus was detected by realtime RT-PCR in CSF. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings revealed lesions of the lumbar spinal cord. Based on clinical signs, MR finding, CSF analysis and realtime RT-PCR result in CSF, this case was diagnosed as feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) associated meningomyelitis. Although prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil were administrated, clinical signs were not resolved and progressed to tetraplegia and coma status. This case presentation describes that feline infectious peritonitis virus could affect the lumbar spinal cord only and cause meningomyelitis with pelvic limbs ataxia without other neurological signs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.107-107
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• 2003

육상동물과 달리 어류에서는 성장에 따른 생리적인 변화, 특히 환경 스트레스에 민감한 항산화효소 등에 관한 전반적인 연구가 거의 이루어져 있지 않고 있다. 현재 고급 단백질원으로서의 어류에 대한 수요가 사회적으로 급증하고 있으며, 그중 많은 양의 수산물 생산을 양식에 의존하고 있는 상황이다. 따라서 양식종의 성장에 따른 생리적인 변화를 조사하여 이에 따른 영양관리, 질병관리 및 환경에 대한 스트레스의 분석이라는 측면에서 혈액성상의 농도 변화에 대한 다양한 연구가 진행되어져야 할 것으로 여겨진다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 양식 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 스트레스에 대한 생리학적 연구의 일환으로, 넙치의 성장에 따른 혈액성상 및 항산화효소의 변화를 조사함으로서 기초 생리학적 자료를 제공함과 동시에 건강한 어류에서의 혈액성상 및 항산화효소의 기준치를 설정하고자 실시하였다. 실험어는 초기 평균 전장의 18.5$\pm$0.4cm 초기 평균 중량 75.4$\pm$5.6g인 것을 사용하여 5개월 동안 실험 하였고, 실험 종료 시 평균 전장이 26.8$\pm$1.9cm 및 평균 중량이 220.0$\pm$37.1g 으로 각각 증가 하였다. 혈액 성상은 실험개시 후 30일 간격으로 넙치 미부의 혈관으로부터 주사기를 이용하여 혈액을 채취 한 후 헤마토크리트치, 적혈구 수, 헤모글로빈농도, 혈청중 총 콜레스테롤 및 혈당량을 각각 측정 하였으며, 간장내의 Catalase(CAT)및 Superoxide dismutase(SDD) 또한 조사하였다. 실험어의 헤마토크리트치는 성장에 따른 경향을 나타내지 않고 22%에서 32%까지의 범위를 나타내었다. 적혈구수는 성장에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 다소 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 이에 반해 헤모글로빈 농도는 성장에 따라 다소 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 혈당 또한 성장에 따른 뚜렷한 경향을 나타내지 않고 60(mg/dl) 에서 75(mg/dl)정도의 비율을 나타내었다. 혈청중 총 콜레스테롤 농도는 성장에 따른 유의적인 변화는 나타나지 않았으며, 평균 307.81$\pm$125.36(mg/dl)의 수치를 나타내었다. 한판 외부 환경으로부터 스트레스 작용에 의해 생성되는 것으로 알려진 CAT의 실험기간 중 혈중평균농도는 2837.29$\pm$1259.17(nmol/mg protein sec)를 나타내었으며, SOD의 혈중평균농도는 14.73$\pm$5.67(unit/mg protein min)의 범위로 유의적인 변화는 나타나지 않았으나, 성장에 따라 다소 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.137-142
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• 2008

Ceramide has emerged as a novel second messenger for intracellular signalling. It is produced from sphingomyelin and is involved in the control of cell differntiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. $C_2$-ceramide, short chain ceramide, plays a role in mediating contraction of cat esophageal smooth muscle cells. We examined the effect of synthesized ceramide analogues on the $C_2$-ceramide and ACh-induced contraction in esophageal smooth muscle cells isolated with collagenase. CY3523, CY3525, or CY3723 inhibited $C_2$-ceramide induced contraction, in a time dependent manne. Each analogue also inhibited the contraction in concentration dependent manners. CY 3523, CY 3525, and CY 3723 had no effect to the contraction induced by PMA. The inhibition with CY3523, CY3525 and CY3723 on the $C_2$-ceramide induced contraction was recovered by PMA. These analogues decreased the density of MAPK bands (p44/42 or p38) in the western blot. These results suggest that ceramide analogues can inhibit $C_2$-ceramide induced contraction via PKC and MAPK dependent pathway.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.200-204
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• 2009

This study was performed to evaluate the effects of reduced L-glutathione on the oxidant/antioxidant status(superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GPx), protein carbonyl and lipid hydroperoxide(LPO) concentration), renal function(blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and serum creatinine levels), and microscopy of renal tissues in pigs undergoing unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R). Sixteen Landrace and Yorkshire mixed-breed pigs were divided randomly into two groups: untreated control group and reduced L-glutathione-treated group(4 mg/kg IV). Each group had 8 pigs. Pigs were unilaterally nephrectomized and the kidney was subject to 30 min of renal pedicle occlusion. Blood samples for biochemical assay were collected on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 post nephrectomy. Renal I/R injury were evaluated histopathologically by the microscopic observation of renal tissue sections and biochemically by the measurement of the plasma creatinine and urea levels. Parameters of oxidative stress such as SOD, GPx, CAT, protein carbonyl and LPO were measured. The elevation of creatine and BUN levels was lower in the treated group, compared with the control group. The activities of antioxidant-enzyme were higher in the treated group, compared with the control group. In histological findings, the severity of damage in the reduced L-glutathione treated group was less when compared to the control group.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.300-303
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• 2016

An age-unknown, 4.8 kg, male, wild, domestic short-hair cat was presented for left hindlimb lameness. A physical examination revealed a draining tract which was suspected of bite on left calcaneal bone. The left tarsal joint was markedly swollen and exudates were observed around the draining tract. Sequestrum at left calcaneus bone, and osteolysis were identified by radiography. The sequestrum and its surrounding exudative tissue were debrided during surgery and the tissue was submitted for bacterial culture and sensitivity test. The debridement caused a bone defect ($1.5cm{\times}0.5cm{\times}0.5cm$) on the medial left calcaneal bone. Plate and screw fixation was performed to the calcaneus bone as buttress plate. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) loaded hydroxyapatite was implanted in the bone defect. Furthermore, Amikacin-impregnated collagen sponges were also placed around bone plate to deliver local antibiotics. A systemic antibiotic treatment regimen based on bacterial culture and sensitivity test results was administered for 4 weeks. The wound properly healed without any signs of infection, and the bone healing was confirmed by radiography. The patient showed normal weight bearing ambulation at 18 weeks after surgery. The use of rhBMP-2 and local antibiotic delivery system is a good surgical option for the one-stage treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2015

Curcumin is widely used as a traditional medicine. This work was aimed to investigate its possible protective effect against chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Fifty male albino rats were divided into five groups (n=10, each). The control group received a single dose of normal saline, the diethylnitrosamine (DENA) group received a single intra-peritoneal dose at 200mg/kg body weight, and the 3rd, 4th and 5th groups were given DENA and daily administrated curcunine (CUR) via intra-gastric intubation in doses of 300, 200 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. respectively for 20 weeks. Serum, and liver samples were used for determination of alpha feto-protein (AFP), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukine-6 (IL-6), serum liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP and GGT) levels as well the activities and gene expression of glutathione peroxidise (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and super oxide dismutase (SOD). Curcumin significantly lowered the serum levels of AFP, IL-2 and IL-6, ALT, ALT, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as well gene expression of IL-2 and IL-6. In contrast it increased the gene expression and activities of Gpx, GRD, CAT and SOD. The protective effect of CUR against DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in albino rats was proven.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.77-77
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• 1995

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) contains several nonstructural genes which are required for the viral replication and disease pathogenesis. Among them, tat and nef genes encode an essential transactivator of HIV-1 LTR and a pluripotent protein which seems to be essential for the in vivo but not in vitro viral replication, respectively. We constructed two tat and n of defective HIV-1 and tested for their ability to replicate in several T cells. The defective viruses did not replicate in CD4$\^$+/ T cells, but rescued in the recombinant Jurkat-tat cell which also contains tat gene. The replication of tat and nef defective HIV-1 which expresses chloramphenicol acetyltransferase(CAT) gene was easily detected by a sensitive CAT assay. No revertant was identified during the passages of the mutant viruses for more than two months in Jurkat-tat cells. tat and n of defective HIV-1 could be used instead of wild type viruse for several purposes such as inhibitor screening and development of attenuated AIDS vaccine.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 1993

Promoters of the chlorophyll a/b bidning protein genes, cab1, and cab2, of Arabidopsis thaliana were studied for their functions in differential expression during greening of etiolated shoots. The etiolated shoots were derived from leaves of transgenic tobacco plants with the cab-CAT (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) translational fusions, and CAT activity was measured to monitor the activities of the cab promoters. Cab1 promoter activity increased rapidly and showed saturation after about 24 hours of greening, but that of cab2 increased with about 2 day-lag period and showed saturation after 6 days. Cab1 promoter activity was more sensitive to levulinic acid (LA) compared with cab2 activity. Cab2 promoter activity was inhibited more sensitively by chloramphynicol (CAP) than by inhibitors of Chl formation. Cab1 promoter activity was, however, inhibited less sensitively by CAP than by LA. The treatment of abscisic acid (ABA) did not block Chl synthesis so significantly as LA treatment did, and cab2 promoter activity was much less sensitive to ABA compared with that of cab1. These results suggest that cab1 expression is strongly related with Chl formation, possibly with $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid accumulation, and cab2 expression is suppressed more by the blockage of translation of Chl a-apoproteins than by the blockage of Chl a accumulation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1415-1423
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• 2010

An extracellular xylanase was purified to homogeneity by sequential chromatography of Fomitopsis pinicola culture supernatants on a DEAE-Sepharose column, a gel filtration column, and then on a MonoQ column with fast protein liquid chromatography. The relative molecular mass of the F. pinicola xylanase was determined to be 58 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by size-exclusion chromatography, indicating that the enzyme is a monomer. The hydrolytic activity of the xylanase had a pH optimum of 4.5 and a temperature optimum of $70^{\circ}C$. The enzyme showed a $t_{1/2}$ value of 33 h at $70^{\circ}C$ and catalytic efficiency ($k_{cat}=77.4\;s^{-1}$, $k_{cat}/K_m$=22.7 mg/ml/s) for oatspelt xylan. Its internal amino acid sequences showed a significant homology with hydrolases from glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10, indicating that the F. pinicola xylanase is a member of GH family 10.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.25-34
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• 2010

Objectives : To investigate the effects of Cornu cervi parvum pharmacopuncture with regard to the blood picture and antioxidative activity in rats. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups (n=5 each) and were treated with Cornu cervi parvum pharmacopuncture every other day for 2 weeks. The groups are classified as follows; normal control without treatment (control group), Cornu cervi parvum pharmacopuncture at CV4 (CV4 group), and Cornu cervi parvum pharmacopuncture at BL23 (BL23 group). Thereafter, the blood and liver samples were obtained for blood analysis and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity measurement. Results : Cornu cervi parvum pharmacopuncture groups showed higher values of red blood cell count and plasma cell volume compared with those of the control (p<0.05). However, hemoglobin level showed no significant differences among groups. With regard to the blood picture, plasma concentration in total protein and albumin showed no significant differences in pharmacopuncture groups, while higher ratio of albumin/globulin was observed in CV4 group. White blood cell counts and its composition showed no significant differences among groups. Pharmacopuncture groups showed higher values in SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px activities compared with those of control group. Conclusions : Cornu cervi parvum pharmacopuncture alleviates oxidative activities in rats.