• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.5D
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• pp.635-644
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• 2009

Image processing technique in the outdoor environment is very sensitive, and it tends to lose a lot of accuracy when it rapidly changes by outdoor environment. Therefore, in order to calculate accurate traffic information using the traffic monitoring system, we must resolve removing shadow in transition time, Distortion by the vehicle headlights at night, noise of rain, snow, and fog, and occlusion. In the research, we developed a system to calibrate the amount of traffic, speed, and time occupancy by using image processing technique in a variety of outdoor environments change. This system were tested under outdoor environments at the Gonjiam test site, which is managed by Korea Institute of Construction Technology (www.kict.re.kr) for testing performance. We evaluated the performance of traffic information, volume counts, speed, and occupancy time, with 4 lanes (2 lanes are upstream and the rests are downstream) from the 16th to 18th December, 2008. The evaluation method performed as based on the standard data is a radar detection compared to calculated data using image processing technique. The System evaluation results showed that the amount of traffic, speed, and time occupancy in period (day, night, sunrise, sunset) are approximately 92-97% accuracy when these data compared to the standard data.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2023

Tardive dyskinesia is an involuntary neurological movement disorder caused by long-term use of dopamine receptor-blocking drugs leading to dental implications like uncontrolled gnashing and grinding of teeth which in turn imperil the oral rehabilitation procedures as the excessive load increases the risk of prosthesis fracture. A 40-year male with a medical history of tardive dyskinesia visited the hospital to receive oral rehabilitation for missing maxillary anterior teeth. After the oral examination, tooth preparation was done on teeth 13, 15, and 23. After that silicon impression was made and the gypsum cast was digitalized using a desktop scanner and an interim prosthesis was fabricated by milling a resin block. During the try-in, the occlusal one-third of the interim prosthesis was trimmed, and an auto-polymerizing acrylic resin was applied on the occlusal surfaces and inserted in the patient's mouth. Then, the functionally generated path (FGP) of occluding surfaces of opposing arches was traced on the resin surface. When the resin was hardened, the modified interim prosthesis was removed and digitized using an intraoral scanner. The scan image was used in designing the occlusal morphology of definitive prosthesis by modifying the design of the interim prosthesis using the dual scan method. Lastly, a monolithic zirconia prosthesis was fabricated by milling a zirconia block. The definitive prosthesis was delivered reflecting the patient's occlusal scheme. This case report shows that the FGP technique with the dual scan method can help in fabricating fixed prosthesis with harmonious occlusion in a tardive dyskinesia patient.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.35-71
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of electoral competition on voters deciding on strategic split-ticket voting under the mixed-member electoral system. As result, the more competitive the constituencies are, the more voters choose to vote for the major parties. The results of logistic regression analysis including interaction terms showed that the more competitive the constituencies are, the more voters choose for candidates from the major parties. Also, the finding shows that major party supporters are less affected by electoral competition than minor party supporters in choosing a candidate in the single-seat districts. In the case of minor party supporters, the more competitive the constituencies were, the more likely they were to choose the major party candidate instead of the minor party candidate. Based on these results, it can be inferred that voters are affected by the presence or behavior of other voters in local constituencies under the first-past-the-post rule. Because of the psychology of not wanting their votes to be useless, voters cast their ballots more strategically as the competition in constituencies intensifies, and as the competition in constituencies slackens, such tendencies weaken, and this trait is particularly evident among minor party supporters.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2006

A couple of previous studies have warned against the use of homogeneous choice models in assessing the effect of reference price since unaccounted for response heterogeneity may result in spurious reference price effects(Chang, Siddarth and Weinberg 1999; Bell and Lattin 2000). According to Meyer and Kahn(1991), not accounting for consideration set heterogeneity may also bias the effect parameters in the choice model. Therefore, failure to account for these two sources of bias, in fact, have cast doubt on the empirical support for reference price effects in general. In view of aforementioned potential sources of bias, the author investigates the robustness of loss aversion effect in the reference-dependent model after accounting for heterogeneity in response as well as consideration set. The proposed model defines individual household's consideration set based on the posterior distribution of preference obtained from the Empirical Bayes approach. In addition, the same posterior distribution is used to form household-specific reference prices. Response heterogeneity correction is carried out via the Latent Class approach. The proposed model outperforms the Reference-Dependent model that includes the reference price measure most often employed in the previous studies. This implies that as a way of simplifying decision task, consumers restrict their consideration set to a subset of available brands not only in making a brand choice but also in forming reference prices.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.344-355
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• 2023

In complete denture fabrication, accurate preliminary impressions are crucial for obtaining an accurate final impression. However, it can be challenging in cases of atypical arch shapes. This case report compares diagnostic casts made with a stock tray and an intraoral scanner (IOS) in a patient with an atypical arch shape. A 58-year-old edentulous male patient with long, narrow, atypical arches was referred to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department for complete denture fabrication. Compared to the diagnostic cast obtained using IOS with adequately captured anatomical parameters, the primary model obtained using a stock tray showed prominent overextended flanges on the labial and buccal sides of the maxillary arch and less prominent overextended flanges in the mandibular arch with pressure spots in the posterior palatal seal area. The custom tray fabricated from such a model required additional adjustment resulting in increased chair time during the final impression procedure.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.176-185
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• 2023

Facebow transfer is essential for accurately mounting a dental cast onto a semi-adjustable articulator. The precision of traditional analog facebow transfer is influenced by both the accuracy of the equipment used and the skill level of the operator. Considering that substantial positional deviations can adversely affect the quality of a fabricated dental prosthesis; it is critical to assess the positional accuracy of casts mounted using analog facebow transfer. This case report evaluates the linear and angular deviations of the occlusal plane for maxillary casts mounted through both analog facebow transfer and cone-beam computed tomography-based methods. The findings indicate that analog facebow transfer produced a linear deviation ranging from 3 to 16 mm and an angular deviation of the occlusal plane between 5 to 7 degrees. This case report confirms that, across two patients, analog facebow transfer can result in varying degrees of positional deviation, thereby potentially leading to inaccuracies in the fabrication of dental prostheses. These results suggest that, in clinical practice, the use of analog facebow transfer may yield significant deviations during the process of mounting maxillary casts.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.133-145
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• 2023

Class III malocclusion with mandibular protrusion can be divided into skeletal and pseudo malocclusion due to tooth displacement. For skeletal malocclusion, favorable treatment results can be obtained by establishing an appropriate vertical and horizontal intermaxillary relationship in order to secure a restoration space and obtain aesthetic and functional results. In this case, complete mouth rehabilitation was performed using an implant and a fixed prosthesis in a patient with mandibular protrusion and anterior teeth wear and reduced occlusal vertical dimension. After cast analysis and digital diagnosis, a provisional restoration with increased vertical dimension was fabricated to secure posterior support and evaluate stable centric occlusion. With the definitive prosthesis reflecting the provisional restoration, favorable function and aesthetics were obtained.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.393-399
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• 2023

In this study, changes in the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast and extruded Al-2Li-1Ce alloy materials were investigated as the Mg content was varied. The density decreased to 2.485, 2.46 and 2.435 g/cm³ when the Mg content in the Al-2Li-1Ce alloy was increased to 2, 4 and 6 wt%, respectively. Intermetallic compounds of Al₁₁Ce₃ were observed in all alloys, while the β-phase of Al₃Mg₂ was observed in alloys containing 6 wt% of Mg. In the extruded material, with increasing Mg content the average grain size decreased to 84.8, 71.6 and 36.2 ㎛, and the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries (greater than 15°) increased to 82.8 %, 88.6 %, and 91.8 %, respectively. This occurred because the increased Mg content promotes dynamic recrystallization during hot extrusion. Tensile test results showed that as the Mg content increased, both the yield strength and tensile strength increased. The yield strength reached 86.1, 107.3, and 186.4 MPa, and the tensile strength reached 215.2, 285, and 360.5 MPa, respectively. However, it is worth noting that the ductility decreased to 27.78 %, 25.65 %, and 20.72 % as the Mg content increased. This reduction in ductility is attributed to the strengthening effect resulting from the increased amount of dissolved Mg, and grain refinement due to dynamic recrystallization.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.71-92
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• 2023

This study investigates the symbolism and meaning of the bead design, its relationship with the Silla culture, and the conditions of glass bead manufacturing to verify the theory of Silla's production of Silla face-inlaid glass beads with excellent artistry and technology. The research method includes investigating the design analysis, ancient documents, myths, relics, glass, and metal production techniques. Moreover, Hongshan cultural relics and other cases of inlaid glass beads were collected. There are records in the literature that the people of Makhan, Buyeo and Silla of ancient Korea people considered beads as treasures and used them for accessories. It was confirmed that all the design elements of the bead-patterned hair topknot, golden crown, birds, and flower trees were closely related to the myth of Kim Al-ji of Silla, the oviparous tales and the sacred birds and divine beasts of the north. Moreover, the pattern and arrangements were found to be similar in other Silla relics. The origin of beads and face pendants was Hongsan culture, and a stone cast for beads was discovered in Bukpyo of Gojoseon, the lower-level culture of Hajiajeom. In addition, excavating inlaid glass beads from Sik-ri tombs of Korea and a face-inlaid glass bead from Toganmori tombs in Japan confirms the theory of Silla's production. The fact that the Baekje people of ancient Korea had a glass bead manufacturing office in Japan in the fifth centuries suggests that the Silla people also had a manufacturing plant in Java, Indonesia, because this place was a crossroads of Silla's Sea Silk Road and a source of raw materials and labors with a close relationship to Silla. Therefore, the face-inlaid glass bead was indeed self-made by Silla, who possessed the tradition of bead myths and hair topknot, and the high-level skills such as gold crowns and metal inlays.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2024

This study investigated the fish fauna of Jeonjucheon and Samcheon Streams, flowing through the city of Jeonju, through surveys conducted at 10 sampling sites using kick net and cast net. The fish fauna collected included 10 families and 36 species, with a total of 2,064 individuals. Samcheon had 8 families and 30 species with 1,074 individuals, Jeonjucheon had 8 families and 26 species with 986 individuals. The dominant species was Zacco platypus with 1,202 individuals, and a total of 153 individuals of the subdominant were Pseudogobio esocinus. In Jeonjucheon Stream, a total of 567 individuals of the dominant species were collected as Z. platypus and 99 individuals of the subdominant species were collected as Pungtungia herzi, and there was no significant change in the stream environment except for the confluence site. Further expanded research covering the entire Jeonjucheon and Samcheon Streams region, accompanied by regular monitoring, is essential to record and understand fluctuations in fish fauna.