• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.323-333
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• 2016

Background: Ovarian cancer remains a major worldwide health care issue due to the lack of satisfactory diagnostic methods for early detection of the disease. Prior studies on the role of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) in detecting ovarian cancer presented conflicting results. New tools to improve the accuracy of identifying malignancy are urgently needed. We here aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of tissue CA125 and HE4 gene expression in comparison to serum CA125 and HE4 in discriminating benign from malignant pelvic masses. Materials and Methods: One-hundred Egyptian women were enrolled in this study, including 60 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and 20 benign ovarian tumor patients, as well as 20 apparently healthy women. Preoperative serum levels of CA125 and HE4 were measured by immunoassays. Tissue expression levels of genes encoding CA125 and HE4 were determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The diagnostic performance of CA125 and HE4, measured either as mRNA or protein levels, was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: The serum CA125+HE4 combination and serum HE4, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.935 and 0.932, respectively, performed significantly better than serum CA125 (AUC=0.592; P<0.001). Tissue CA125 and HE4 (AUC=1) performed significantly better than serum CA125 (P<0.001), serum HE4 (P=0.016) and the serum CA125+HE4 combination (P=0.018). Conclusions: Measurement of tissue CA125 and HE4 gene expression not only improves discriminatory performance, but also broadens the range of differential diagnostic possibilities in distinguishing EOC from benign ovarian tumors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.569-577
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• 1992

To study the effects of the age and the dietary protein content on Ca metabolism male rats of 1 month 6 month 12 month of age were fed experimental diets containing 5%, 15% or 50% casein for 4 weeks. Food and ca intake were higher in old rats and in high protein groups. The weight ash and Ca contents of femur and tibia were higher in old rats. The higher dietary protein level resulted in higher skeletal weigh ash and Ca contents. But high protein diet(50% casein) lead to reduced bone mineral density(ash/dry bone weight) and Ca density(Ca/dry bone weight) in 1 month old rats. Low protein diet(5% casein) on the other hand reduced the bone growth even though the bone density was higher in this group. The ill effect of low protein diet was not evident in 12 month old rats. Glomerular filteration rate(GFR) and urinary Ca excretionincreased with age and with dietary protein level especially in 12 month old rats. Serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone(iPTH) level tended to be higher in aged rats but was not affected by dietary protein level except 1 month old rats where 50% protein group showed significantly higher value. This study showed that the dietary protein level seemed to have different effect on Ca metabo-lism in rats of different age., The low bone density in the high protein group of growing rats may be due to the higher iPTH level and increased urinary Ca. The dietary protein level however had no effects on the bone composition in aged rats even though the higher urinary Ca excretion. In conclusion this study suggests that high protein intake from young may lead to less peak bone mass and to increase the bone loss in later years, which would increase the risk for osteporosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.277-281
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• 2003

Effects of $CaF_2$ addition as a filler on the high frequency dielectric properties and sintering of CaO-$Al_2O_3-SiO_2-B_2O_3$(CASB) and ZnO-MgO-$B_2O_3-SiO_2$(ZMBS) glass composites were investigated. The optimal glass composition in the CASB system was 33.0CaO-$17.0Al_2O_3-35.0SiO_2-15.0B_O_3$(in wt%). The corresponding dielectric properties were k=8.1 and $Q{\times}fo$=1,200GHz. The sintering temperature was $800{\mu}m$. In case of 2MBS system, 25.0ZnO-25.0MgO-20.0$B_2O_3-30.0SiO_2$(in wt%) glass showed k=6.8 and $Q{\times}fo$=5,200GHz when it was sintered at $750^{\circ}C$. The maximum amount of $CaF_2$ in the CASB and 2MBS glass system without any detrimental effect on the sintering was 25.0 v/o and 15.0 v/o, respectively. The addition of $CaF_2$ in the glass systems improved the high frequency dielectric properties. In case of CASB+$CaF_2$ composite, k was 7.1 and $Q{\times}fo$ was 2,300GHz. And in case of 2MBS+$CaF_2$ composite, k was 5.9 and $Q{\times}fo$ was 8,100GHz. $CaF_2$ addition also reduced sintering temperature. Effects of $CaF_2$ on the dielectric and sintering properties was analyzed in terms of viscosity and crystallization behavior changes due to the interaction between $CaF_2$ and the glass systems.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2002

The effect of Ca-doping on the superconducting properties of Nd-Ba-Cu-O bulk superconductors, fabricated by the oxygen-controlled melt growth process, has been systematically investigated. Various c-axis textured bulk samples were grown using precursors with the nominal compositions of $Nd_{1.8-x}Ca_{x]Ba_{2.4}Cu_{3.4}O_{y}$ (x= 0.00, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) in a reduced oxygen atmosphere of 1%O$_2$ in Ar. Magnetization measurements revealed that the critical temperatures(Tc) were almost linearly depressed from 95K to 86K with increasing the Ca dopant from x : 0.0 to 0.15, respectively, and thus critical current densities(Jc) at 77K and for H//c-axis of specimens were gradually degraded with increasing x. Compositional analyses revealed that although the amounts of the Ca dopant both in $NdBa_2Cu_2O_y(Nd123) and Nd_4Ba_2Cu_2O_{10}(Nd422)$,/TEX> were increased with increasing x, only less than half of the initial Ca compositions were detected in melt-grown Ca-doped Nd-Ba-Cu-O bulk crystals. The supression of Tc is attributed to an increased Nd substitution for the Ba site in the Nd123 superconducting matrix with increasing the amount of the Ca dopant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.480-487
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• 1997

The present study was designed to examine how Ca intake contributes to the increase of peak bone mass with growing female rats. Weaned rats were fed experimental diets consisting in five levels of Ca; very low(0.1%), low(0.2%), moderate(0.5%), high(1.0%) and very high(1.5%) for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Bone growth, metabolism and Ca metabolism were determined. As for the rats fed for 4 weeks, the bone weight, length and breaking force and bone metabolism were not significantly affected by dietary Ca levels, whereas the current intakes of Ca were observed to have significantly affected the rats fed for 8 or 12 weeks with regard to the bone weight, length and breaking force and bone metabolism. The bone ash and Ca contents of the rats were affected by dietary Ca levels for the total period of feeding. It is suggested that dietary Ca itself affected the mineralization process either during the growth or later, although the resulting bone mass is not a linear function of dietary Ca content.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1976

The trypanocidal drug suramin, an impermeant polyanion, has been shown to be a powerful inhibitor of the calcium uptake and calcium-stimulated ATPase activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum (Fortes et al., 1974). In view of this finding, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of suramin on $Ca^{++}$ transport in resealed red cells and on $Ca^{++}$-activated ATPase in red blood cell membrane fragments (RBCMF). The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. $Ca^{++}$ outflux from the resealed RBC was inhibited by suramin and the inhibitory action of suramin is proportional to the concentration of drug added inside the RBC preparation. When suramin is added both inside and outside the RBC preparation simultaneously, the magnitude of the inhibitory effect was more pronounced, suggesting that suramin inhibits both active $Ca^{++}-^{45}Ca$ exchange diffusion across the RBC membrane. 2. Suramin inhibits the $Ca^{++}$-activated ATPase of the RBCMF and the effect of inhibition by the drug was also concentration dependent. From the above results, it may be concluded that suramin inhibits $Ca^{++}$ transport across RBC membrane by inhibiting $Ca^{++}$-activated ATPase activity which has been known to be linked with active $Ca^{++}$ transport.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.12-15
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• 2022

The effect of SiO₂, Na₂O and CaO on isokom temperatures in soda-lime glass is estimated by comparing calculated isokom temperatures using viscosity model proposed by Lakatos. The isokom temperatures at the viscosity of log η = 12.3, 10, 6.6 and 1 (Pa·s) are lowered by 6, 7, 10 and 24℃, respectively, by the substitution of SiO₂ with Na₂O by 1 mol%. Meanwhile, replacing 1 mol% of SiO₂ with CaO raises the isokom temperatures by 3~4 and 2℃ at the viscosity of log η = 12.3 and 10 (Pa·s), respectively, but lowers the temperatures by 1 and 21℃ at the viscosity of log η = 6.6 and 1(Pa·s), respectively.

• BMB Reports
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.369-370
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• 2018

In previous studies, memory storage was localized to engram cells distributed across the brain. While these studies have provided an individual cellular profile of engram cells, their synaptic connectivity, or whether they follow Hebbian mechanisms, remains uncertain. Therefore, our recent study investigated whether synapses between engram cells exhibit selectively enhanced structural and functional properties following memory formation. This was accomplished using a newly developed technique called "dual-eGRASP". We found that the number and size of spines on CA1 engram cells that receive inputs from CA3 engram cells were larger than at other synapses. We further observed that this enhanced connectivity correlated with induced memory strength. CA3 engram synapses exhibited increased release probability, while CA1 engram synapses produced enhanced postsynaptic responses. CA3 engram to CA1 engram projections showed strong occlusion of long-term potentiation. We demonstrated that the synaptic connectivity of CA3 to CA1 engram cells was strengthened following memory formation. Our results suggest that Hebbian plasticity occurs during memory formation among engram cells at the synapse level.

• BMB Reports
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2000

Phosphorylation of the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) blocks the elongation step of translation and stops overall protein synthesis. Although the overall rate of protein synthesis in mitosis reduces to 20% of that in S phase, it is unclear how the protein translation procedure is regulated during the cell cycle, especially in the stage of peptide elongation. To delineate the regulation of the elongation step through eEF-2 function, the changes in phosphorylation of eEF-2, and in activity of corresponding $Ca^{2+}$/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase III (CaMK-III) during the cell cycle of NIH 3T3 cells, were determined. The in vivo level of phosphorylated eEF-2 showed an 80% and 40% increase in the cells arrested at G1 and M, respectively. The activity of CaMK-III also changed in a similar pattern, more than a 2-fold increase when arrested at G1 and M. The activity change of the kinase during one turn of the cell cycle also demonstrated the activation at G1 and M phases. The activity change of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) was reciprocal to that of CaMK-III. These results indicated: (1) the activity of CaMK-III was cell cycle-dependent and (2) the level of eEF-2 phosphorylation followed the kinase activity change. Therefore, the elongation step of protein synthesis might be cell cycle dependently regulated.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.629-636
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• 1994

The ferrimagnetic glass-ceramics in the system Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2 for hyperthermia were investigated. Glasses could be prepared up to the content of 40 wt% of Fe2O3 and below the weight ratio of 1.0 of CaO/SiO2. The maximum saturation magnetization and the maximum coercive force were 29.85 emu/g and 340.1 Oe respectively, for a glass 40Fe2O3.20CaO.40SiO2 composition heat-treated at 95$0^{\circ}C$ for 8 hours. And for a glass 40Fe2O3.30CaO.30SiO2 composition the maximum saturation magnetization and the maximum coercive force were 18.47 emu/g and 374.4 Oe heat-treated at 1,00$0^{\circ}C$ and 90$0^{\circ}C$ for 8 hours respectively. The maximum hysteresis loss was 1,726.3 cal/g for a glass 40Fe2O3.20CaO.40SiO2 composition heat-treated at 95$0^{\circ}C$ for 8 hours. It was found that the ferrimagnetic Fe2O3.CaO.SiO2 glass-ceramics was little injurious to human body as results of biocompatibility test and biotoxicity test.