• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 1985

Let H be an arbitrary complex Hilbert space. We constructed an extension K of H by means of weakly convergent sequences in H and the Banach limit. Let .phi. be the faithful *-representation of L(H) on K. In this note, we investigated the relations between spectra of T in L(H) and .phi.(T) in L(K) and we obtained the following results: 1) If T is a compact operator on H, then .phi.(T) is also a compact operator on K (Proposition 6), 2) .sigma.$_{l}$ (.phi.(T)).contnd..sigma.$_{l}$ (T) for any operator T.mem.L(H) (Corollary 10), 3) For every operator T.mem.L(H), .sigma.$_{ap}$ (.phi.(T))=.sigma.$_{ap}$ (T))=.sigma.$_{ap}$ (T)=.sigma.$_{p}$(.phi.(T)) (Lemma 12, 13) and .sigma.$_{c}$(.phi.(T))=.sigma.(Theorem 15).15).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2005

This study was carried out to evaluate changes in the characteristics of the fermented pork using a Korean traditional seasonings. Biceps femoris were cut to cube(7 ${\times}$ 12 ${\times}$ 2 em) and three Korean traditional seasonings such as soybean paste(Tl), garlic paste(T2), red pepper paste(T3), were seasoned by the proportions of meat to each seasonings(l: 1), respectively. The seasoned samples were fermented at 0 $\pm$ 1 $^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. Sensory evaluation did not significantly differ between all treatments. The highest pH among treatments were shown in T2, wheres T3 showed the lowest value. The highest saccarinity was shown in T2, followed by T3. Salinity was shown to be higher in all treatments. Shear force value was the highest in T2 and T3. VBN and TBARS increased during storage. The total bacterial counts was highest of storage 21 days. E. coli. was higher in the order of T2 > T3 > TI. Lactobacilli spp. was higher in the order of T2 > T1 > T3.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.423-430
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of dandelion leaf, root and whole part extracts on the physicochemical characteristics of pork patties stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. Four types of pork patties were evaluated: ice-water-added (T0), dandelion leaf extract (T1), dandelion root extract (T2) and dandelion whole part extract (T3). The pH decreased significantly during storage, but increased after 10 days of storage. The pH was highest in T0 during storage. The L value of T0 increased whereas T1, T2 and T3 did not significantly changed during storage. The a value decreased with a longer storage period, and the a values for T1, T2 and T3 were higher than that of T0 during storage. The b value did not change significantly during storage. The TBARS increased with a longer storage period, and the values for T0, T1, T2 and T3 were 0.87, 0.29, 0.47 and 0.31 mg MA/kg, respectively, after 10 days of storage. The VBN content value of T0 increased, but those of T1, T2 and T3 did not significantly change during storage. The water holding capacity of T0 decreased, but those of T1, T2 and T3 did not significantly change during storage. Cooking loss increased during storage and that of T0 was higher than those of T1, T2 and T3. Hardness and chewiness decreased while springiness and cohesiveness increased during storage.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 2008

The hybrid ($CSR2{\times}CSR4$) eggs treated with acid were taken up for the study with an objective to develop long-term preservation schedule. The hybrid eggs obtained with two mating duration (3 h and 6 h) and oviposition period (6 h and 24 h) with two age groups of eggs (24 h and 36 h) were treated with Hydrochloric acid. These eggs were subjected to preservation at $5^{\circ}C$ in single step refrigeration and at $5^{\circ}C$ and $2.5^{\circ}C$ under double step refrigeration from $10{\sim}120$ days. These eggs were released from the cold storage as per the specified durations and incubated at standard conditions and allowed 2 h for hatching at 450 lux light. Hatchability was found to be significantly higher or on par with the control in three treatments (T1, T2 and T4) where the eggs are preserved continuously at $5^{\circ}C$ up to 30 days. However under double step refrigeration, hatching was not significantly affected in 20+60 day's combination of T1 treatment up to 80 days. Bioassay studies of the promising treatment i.e.. T1 with (20+60) days indicated that early stage loss and cocoon yield was found to be on par with the control. Hence this treatment was recommended for preservation of acid treated new bivoltine hybrid layings. Details of the hatchability and rearing performance of long term preservation of acid treated eggs are discussed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.543-546
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• 1995

The reaction between CH3 radicals and H2 was investigated behind incident shock waves at temperatures between 1308 and 1825 K by following the consumption of CH3 using a time resolved UV absorption method at 213.9 nm. The rate coefficient expression 1.10 X 1013 exp(-7370 K/T) cm3mol-1s-1 for the reaction of CH3 with H2 was derived.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.226-229
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• 2005

An experiment was conducted to produce eggs enriched with vitamins $D_3$, K and iron in eggs. Six hundred 97-wk-old ISA Brown force molted hens were allocated to completely randomized block arrangement of six dietary treatments: T1; control (C), T2; C+4,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+2.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T3; C+8,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+5.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T4; C+12,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+7.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T5; C+16,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+10.0 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe, T6; C+20,000 IU vitamin $D_3$+12.5 mg vitamin K+100 ppm Fe. Fe was supplemented with Fe-methionine. Each treatment consisted of five replicates of ten cages with two birds per cage. Egg production and egg weight were highest in T2 and incidence of soft and broken egg was highest in T6. Haugh unit was not different among treatments although it tended to be increased as dietary vitamins $D_3$ and K increased. Eggshell strength was not different among treatment. Concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and K in egg yolk increased and plateaued approximately 20 days after feeding supplemented diets. The level of these vitamins peaked at 12,000 IU/kg vitamin $D_3$ and 7.5 mg/kg vitamin K supplementation and then decreased at the higher than these supplementation levels. The peak concentrations of vitamin $D_3$ and vitamin K were 4.6 times and 4.8 times greater than the control, respectively. Supplementary Fe also increased Fe content in egg yolk. It is concluded that vitamin $D_3$ and K in eggs can be effectively enriched by proper supplementation time and level of these vitamins.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.266-271
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• 1993

The reaction of $(CO_5$)M=C(OMe)Tol (M=Cr, Mo, W and $Tol=p-C_6H_4Me)$ and $BBr_3$ followed by treatment with tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) yields a mixture of two diastereomers, trans, $cis-Br(CO)_2(tmeda)M{\equiv}$CTol [M=Cr(1a), Mo(2a), W(3a)] and cis, $trans-Br(CO)_2(tmeda)M{\equiv}$CTol [M=Cr(1b), Mo(2b), W(3b)], respectively. These compounds have been isolated as crystalline solids and characterized by spectroscopic (infrared, mass, $^1H$ and $^{13}C-NMR)$ data. The trans, cis-Br(CO)2(tmeda)Cr${\equiv}$CTol (1a), has been examine via a single crystal X-ray diffraction study : $BrCrO_2N_2C_{16}H_{23}$, Mr=407.27, triclinic, $P{\bar{1}},\;a=12.792(2),\;b=13.400(5),\;c= 11.645(4)\;{\AA},\;{\alpha}=101.26(2)^{\circ},\;{\beta}=103.04(2)^{\circ},\;{\gamma}=91.88(2)^{\circ},\;{\nu}=1907(1){\AA}^3,\;Z=2,\;{\rho}(calcd)=1.418\;gcm^{-3},\;{\lambda}(MoK{\alpha})=0.71069\;{\AA},\;{\mu}=26.25 cm^{-1},\;F(000)=831.97,\;T=295K,\;R=0.0977$ for 1332 significant reflections $[F_0>5{\sigma}(F_0)]$. There are two essentially equivalent molecules in the crystallographic asymmetric unit. Each molecule is octahedral with the bromide ligand trans to the alkylidyne carbon, the two cis-carbonyl ligands, and the bidentate TMEDA ligand.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.201-206
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• 2012

Horse manure general composition and contaminants, heavy metals content analysis was investigated as follows. The moisture content of horse feces was 76.1% and 96% for horse urine. The average T-N, T-P, T-K concentrations of the racing horse were 0.18%, 0.10%, 0.22% respectively and 2.88%, 0.0015%, 0.84% for urine. And the average BODs, COD, SS concentrations were 26,906 $mg/{\ell}$, 36,642 $mg/{\ell}$, 89,375 $mg/{\ell}$ respectively and 14,298 $mg/{\ell}$, 7,484 $mg/{\ell}$, 6,987 $mg/{\ell}$ for urine. In addition, the Cr, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn concentrations of feces were 2.65 mg/kg, 7.05 mg/kg, 1.24 mg/kg, 0.07 mg/kg, 0.01 mg/kg, 45.11 mg/kg respectively and 1.52 mg/kg, 1.62 mg/kg, 0.00 mg/kg, 0.03 mg/kg, 0.03 mg/kg, 4.49 mg/kg for urine on the fresh matter basis. The end of the survey was that the quality of the compost can be used as a raw material, and manure is necessary to constantly driven forward horse manure composting research.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 2008

In this study, the physicochemical, microbial, and sensory properties of law-fat hamburger patties during storage for 25 days at $7{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ were investigated. The law-fat hamburger patties were manufactured by three different packing methods (control: added with 10% lard regular-fat patty, T1: added with 10% lard and organic vegetable of regular-fat patty, T2: added with 3% olive oil of vegetability low-fat patty, T3: added with 3% lard of low-fat patty). The pH of all treated samples increased as the storage time increased, and then decreased after 15 days of storage. The low-fat hamburger patty added with organic olive oil (T2) showed significantly higher pH (p<0.05) compared with other treatments (T1 and T3). The TBARS values of the all treated samples tended to increase after 5 days of storage, and then significant quality loss was observed after 15 days of storage period for the control (T1). However, the samples of the vegitability low-fat patty added organic olive oil had longer shelf-life than the control. The total bacterial counts were 7 log CFU/g after 15 days and 20 days of storage for the control and treatments, respectively. The results of this study showed that the storage period of the treatments was slightly extended compared with the control. Low-fat hamburger patties showed no differences for overall acceptability between control and other patties.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.193-201
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• 2019

PURPOSE. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the color changes of an autopolymerizing PMMA resin used for interim fixed restorations, reinforced with $SiO_2$ nanoparticles. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Silica nanoparticles were blended with the PMMA resin powder through high-energy ball milling. Four shades of PMMA resin were used (A3, B3, C3, D3) and total color differences were calculated through the equations ${\Delta}E_{ab}=[({\Delta}L*)^2+({\Delta}a*)^2+({\Delta}b*)^2]^{1/2}$ and ${\Delta}E_{00}=[(\frac{{\Delta}L^{\prime}}{K_LS_L})^2+(\frac{{\Delta}C^{\prime}}{K_CS_C})^2+(\frac{{\Delta}H^{\prime}}{K_HS_H})^2+R_T(\frac{{\Delta}C^{\prime}}{K_CS_C})(\frac{{\Delta}H^{\prime}}{K_HS_H})]^{1/2}$. Statistically significant differences between ${\Delta}E_{ab}$ and the clinically acceptable values of 3.3 and 2.7 and those between ${\Delta}E_{00}$ and the clinically acceptable value of 1.8 were evaluated with one sample t-test (P<.05). Differences among the different shades were assessed through One-Way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison tests. RESULTS. Significantly lower values were detected for all groups concerning ${\Delta}E_{ab}$ compared to the intraorally clinical acceptable values of 3.3 and 2.7. Significantly lower mean values were detected for groups B3, C3, and D3, concerning ${\Delta}E_{00}$ compared to the intraorally clinical acceptant value of 1.8. Color pigments in red-brown (A3) and red-grey (D3) shades affect the total color change to a greater extent after the reinforcement with $SiO_2$ nanoparticles compared to the red-yellow (B3) shade. CONCLUSION. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it can be suggested that reinforcing PMMA with $SiO_2$ nanoparticles at 0.25 wt% slightly affects the optical properties of the PMMA resin without being clinically perceivable.