• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.15-26
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to offer basic data for designing and making of brassiere with the consideration of the physiological nature of man. Each of 3/4-cup wired upward-support-type Mold Bra of 75 size with basic pad made at three representative domestic companies (A, B and C Company) was selected for analysis of pattern and components. The following is the result of this study. 1. That Company A's bra had the highest cup, relatively narrow width, the widest front-center and the highest front center at front pad. That of Company B had relatively short wing over the base and much difference at the height of cup depending on the presence of wire. That of Company C had low and wide cup, the widest bust span and the front center width, the front center height of front pad, the base length of front pad and the length of wings were observed to be of the figures between those of Company A and B. 2. The Bra of Company A had the biggest front center angle of $6^{\circ}$, while that of Company C had the biggest wing angle of $18^{\circ}$. The Bra of Company B showed the biggest difference of patterns depending on the presence of wire. Those of Company A and C showed very similar shape when wire was inserted. 3. The order of making brassiere is following: making of exterior mold cup${\rightarrow}$ sewing exterior cup and circumference of mold${\rightarrow}$ sewing base and wings${\rightarrow}$ sewing binding tape to base${\rightarrow}$ sewing cup and main pad${\rightarrow}$ sewing binding tape to upper sides and upper part of wings${\rightarrow}$ sewing wire-tape to interior base of cup${\rightarrow}$ inserting of wire inside wire-tape${\rightarrow}$ sewing hook & eye on the back of wings${\rightarrow}$ sewing shoulder string.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.317-322
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• 1982

The biting behaviors of tuna were studied based on the remains of saury (Cololabis saira), which was used as bait, in the stomach contents of tuna. The saury remains were classified into four segmental groups (A-segment: Whole fish; B-segment: anterior partion with head: C-segment: middlepart without both head and tail: D-segment : posterior part without head). The tuna stomachs were independently named and grouped into three subsamples according to bait segments remaining in the stomach. The subsamples have the extra number of the stomach-naming segments and the distributions of the bait tegments are biased from tile random distribution. The distribution of the bait segments except the extra segments are hypothetically assumed to be random, and was subjected to the chi-square test of significance. The inferred conclusions are as follows:1. Most of the tuna having the B-segment had previously taken the C and/or D-segment. 2. The catchability of the yellowfin tuna having the B-segment seems higher than that of the fish having the A-segment in the stomach. 3. Tuna which had two or more bait heads should have taken the extra bait heads without being hooked detaching the head from the hook by biting the Posterior porting of tile bait.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.1229-1238
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• 2016

This study was conducted to determine the relationships of five intragenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers (protein kinase adenosine monophosphate-activated ${\gamma}3$ subunit [PRKAG3], fatty acid synthase [FASN], calpastatin [CAST], high mobility group AT-hook 1 [HMGA1], and melanocortin-4 receptor [MC4R]) and meat quality traits of Duroc breeding stocks in Korea. A total of 200 purebred Duroc gilts from 8 sires and 40 dams at 4 pig breeding farms from 2010 to 2011 reaching market weight (110 kg) were slaughtered and their carcasses were chilled overnight. Longissimus dorsi muscles were removed from the carcass after 24 h of slaughter and used to determine pork properties including carcass weight, backfat thickness, moisture, intramuscular fat, $pH_{24h}$, shear force, redness, texture, and fatty acid composition. The PRKAG3, FASN, CAST, and MC4R gene SNPs were significantly associated with the meat quality traits (p<0.003). The meats of PRKAG3 (A 0.024/G 0.976) AA genotype had higher pH, redness and texture than those from PRKAG3 GG genotype. Meats of FASN (C 0.301/A 0.699) AA genotype had higher backfat thickness, texture, stearic acid, oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid than FASN CC genotype. While the carcasses of CAST (A 0.373/G 0.627) AA genotype had thicker backfat, and lower shear force, palmitoleic acid and oleic acid content, they had higher stearic acid content than those from the CAST GG genotype. The MC4R (G 0.208/A 0.792) AA genotype were involved in increasing backfat thickness, carcass weight, moisture and saturated fatty acid content, and decreasing unsaturated fatty acid content in Duroc meat. These results indicated that the five SNP markers tested can be a help to select Duroc breed to improve carcass and meat quality properties in crossbred pigs.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2003

Nowadays, retro to the past fashion is appeared just as often as new challenge and trial. The style of Renaissance Era is the most often revival theme for contemporary fashion. So, this study was focused on 16C of Renaissance costume. It is investigated the characteristics of Renaissance costume through referring the literature to be able to restore the past costume as through as possible with the object of building database for developing new design. This study is done in two different ways at the same time, direct study to restore and indirect study to refer. Direct one is of the past costume as thoroughas possible based on referring to the originals. The other is referring the costume historical literature The costumes to restore is chosen among 16C famous pictures on the basis of how much they can show the typical chracteristics of 16C costume. Materials including textiles and ornaments which are necessarily to restore were shopped in Dongdeamoon Market. Some materials had a problem to get exactly the same one in Seoul on 21C. After visiting imes, the materials is chosen as similar as originals. Three sets of costume were restored on the basis of referring "Pattern of Fashion" written by Janet Arnold. The costumes were restored by reinforcing bodice based on the size of waist and in every three works. The way of sewing is based on hand sewing for details and machin-sewing for seam. Quilting intl lining is uwed giving the fabric stiffness to maintain the form from the heavy padding. Also the part of piles on margins is used darts instead of gather, because of reducing bulkiness of seam. General closing methods are hook and eyes, and lacing with points.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.20-20
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• 2019

Sedge family is second largest family in the Korean flora with more than 240 taxa, following Aster family (about 300 taxa). Although high species diversity, a very limited number of taxa has been utilized for ethnobotanical usages. In the study, previous researches on Cyperaceae ethnobotanical information are documented and analyzed for future research directions on the taxa. A total number of seven taxa has been used for medicinal, food, and material purposes: Carex boottiana Hook. & Arn., Cyperus amuricus Maxim., Cyperus esculentus L., Cyperus exaltatus Retz., Cyperus rotundus L., Eleocharis kuroguwai Ohwi, and Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla. Underground parts such as tubers are used with medicinal purpose, and aboveground portions such as leaves and stems provide materials for various tools and foods for people and animals. They are all native to Korea, except C. esculentus, which is introduced from Mediterranean areas for anti-erosion materials. The ethnobotanical value of C. esculentus has been well recognized from ancient times, for example, starch grains in USA (excavations at the Mashantucket Pequot Reservation) and Tiger nut milk (Horchata de chufa in Spain). Among material sources, C. exaltatus has a long history in the Korean peninsula from Three Kingdoms of Korea (57 BC~668 AD). C. rotundus is distributed widely in Asia, Africa, Europe, and America, and utilized for medicines, food, and materials. In addition, Eleocharis kuroguwai is only one taxon utilized for ethnobotanical uses among fifteen Eleocharis Korean native species. The number of species with ethnobotanical uses is small in sedge family, but the family has long been utilized accompanying long human history. Cyperus papyrus L., the source of papyrus paper (Egypt in the Nile Delta), is also a member of sedge family. Sedge family has contributed to human societies in various aspects but, the cultural, botanical, ecological values of family members have been underestimated.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2024.07a
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• pp.85-92
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• 2024

Reinforced concrete modular integrated construction (MiC) has been widely used in Hong Kong nowadays, but the solutions for temporary tying of the side walls during the construction of the composite wall have still shortcomings. Based on a MiC project in Hong Kong, this paper proposes a new inner tie system for composite wall. The system components are installed on the side walls of precast modules without penetrating through the side walls. After the loop is rotated to contact the hook, the tying effect can be generated when the concrete is poured on site between the middle gap of two modules. This system replaces tie bolts penetrating through precast side walls, so that the modules' interior fitting-out can be fully completed in factory and the on-site construction has no adverse effects on the internal decoration. This paper mainly describes the mechanism of the system, FEA simulation and optimization of the member size, as well as tensile and punching shear tests to verify the reliability, safety and to get more information about failure mode of the system. The system will be further examined by assembling 1:1 mockup modules, and finally applied to a real MiC project soon. The system can also act as permanent tie bars for the composite wall to reduce the total wall thickness, save the structural cost and increase the usable area. Compared with other existing tying methods in the industry, the system is easy to install, reliable to take loads, adaptable to large construction errors, and has the potential to be widely used in future practical projects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.78-85
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• 2006

A survey on the fishing gear for octopus drift-line fishing was done in Gangwon-do, Sacheon, Gyeongnam and Hokkaido, Japan, while a survey on the environments of fishing grounds used data from January to August from the Korea east coast farming forecast system of Donghae Fisheries Research and Development Institute. The present situation of fishing was examined with boats engaging in drift-line fishing from March to August in the coastal waters along Gangneung. The fishing tackle for octopus drift-line fishing was made manually, and the size, shape, and weight of the hook and number of shooting used vary according to the fishing time and region. Lead is used as the material for sinkers. As bait, pork fat with skin is mostly used in Gangwon-do. The temperature of the bottom water layer in the coastal fishing ground of Gangneung from April to June ranges from $3.2-12.4^{\circ}C$, which is the optimal temperature for octopuses. During July and August, the temperature ranges from $5.0-20.6^{\circ}C$. The maximum difference between day and night temperatures reached up to $9.2^{\circ}C$. Salinity is generally stable at $33.2-35.324.6%_{\circ}$, which does not affect the inhabitation of octopuses. The octopus catch reached its peak from May to July, while most octopuses weighed less than 1 kg (76.7%). The results show that it is effective to carry out octopus drift-line fishing up to a depth of 40 meters; and that the maximum number of octopuses per line is obtained with an operation time of six hours.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.164-176
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• 2015

Cyathea gigantea is a tree fern distributed throughout humid tropical regions of northeast India and other parts of the country. However, wild populations of this species are largely affected by various natural and anthropogenic activities. Therefore, an attempt was made to study the population structure and regeneration status of C. gigantea in and around greater Itanagar area of Papum Pare district, Arunachal Pradesh. Altogether 45 patches, ranging from 19.63 to $260m^2$ of area, were randomly sampled to study population structure and regeneration status of the species. Population study showed highest number of youngs in the height class of 0.50-0.75 m while, immatures were recorded highest in the height class of 2.0 to 2.5 m. Majority of the matures belonged to 6-9 m height class while it was recorded maximum in the diameter class of 10-15 cm. Average density of C. gigantea was $0.07individuals\;ha^{-1}$ which varied greatly among different patches with a range of 2 to 14. Significant correlations were found between patch size and density of youngs, immatures, matures and total density. Maximum concentration of youngs was observed in patch size $60-140m^2$, while for immatures, it was highest in patch size $20-160m^2$. Similarly, highest concentration of matures was observed in patch size $20-80m^2$ and $80-180m^2$. Population structure of the total population exhibited inverted pyramid shaped distribution. Population structure consisting of youngs, immatures, matures showed that around 60% patches lack of regenerating individuals which depict very poor natural regeneration of the species. Effective conservation strategies are therefore to be formulated to save C. gigantea from the threat of extinction in near future.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 1979

This study was undertaken to evaluate the present status of intestinal helminthic infection in rural areas of Korea from Dec. 1976 to Feb. 1979.The 4,311 stool specimens collected from 4 mountainous areas, 2 plain areas and 4 ri ver basins were examined. The methods employed were Kato's cellophane thick smear technique and brine fletation technique. The results are as follows. 1. The positive rate of intestinal helminch of any kind was 73.4%. It was 82.9% in river basins, 70. 2% in plain areas and 70. 4% in mountainous areas. 2. The positive rates of intestinal helmint.h were; Ascaris lumbricoides 42.5%, Trichocephalus trichiurus 51.4%, Hookworm 4.2%, Clonorchis sinensis 4.0%, Meta-gonimus yokogawai 5.7%, Hymenolepis nana 1.3%, Taenia species 1.0%, and Trichostrongyllus orientalis 1.2% respectively. 3. Sexual distribution of heiminthic infections showed higher rate in female than that of male except C. sinensis, H. nana, Taenia species, and. M. yokogawai. 4.Infection rates of T. trichiurus, Hook-worm and C. sinensis increased with age, but conversely H. nana were more prominent in younger age. 5. No geographical differen=e was noticed except that, M. yokogawai (20.9%), C sinensis (14.2%) in river basins ancl Taenia species (2.3%, by applying only stool examination) in mountainous areas were higher than the other 2 areas.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 2013

Objective: To evaluate the factors that affect torque control during anterior retraction when utilizing the C-retractor with a palatal miniplate as an exclusive source of anchorage without posterior appliances. Methods: The C-retractor was modeled using a 3-dimensional beam element (0.9-mm-diameter stainless-steel wire) attached to mesh bonding pads. Various vertical heights and 2 attachment positions for the lingual anterior retraction hooks (LARHs) were evaluated. A force of 200 g was applied from each side hook of the miniplate to the splinted segment of 6 or 8 anterior teeth. Results: During anterior retraction, an increase in the LARH vertical height increased the amount of lingual root torque and intrusion of the incisors. In particular, with increasing vertical height, the tooth displacement pattern changed from controlled tipping to bodily displacement and then to lingual root displacement. The effects were enhanced when the LARH was located between the central and lateral incisors, as compared to when the LARH was located between the lateral incisors and canines. Conclusions: Three-dimensional lingual anterior retraction of the 6 or 8 anterior teeth can be accomplished using the palatal miniplate as the only anchorage source. Using LARHs at different heights or positions affects the quality of torque and intrusion.