• Title/Summary/Keyword: C형

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Leakage Testing of Penetrations in Nuclear Power Containment System(IV) (원자력 발전소의 격납용기 시스템에서 관통부들의 누설시험(IV))

  • 주승환
    • Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.86-93
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    • 1999
  • 원자력 발전소 격납 용기의 누설시험 방법들은 3가지 유형으로 나타난다. 그것들은 A형, B형 그리고 C형 시험들이다. 본 누설시험의 시험 대상과 절차에 관한 해설을 실었다. 이 글과 앞으로 소개할 내용은 나무지 B형과 C형에 관한 해설을 주로 다루게 될 것이다. B형 시험과 C형 시험의 주된 대상들은 격납용기의 관통부들이다. 이 글에서는 B형과 C형 시험의 일분 주의 사항들을 해설한다.

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Seroprevalence of antibody to the hepatitis C virus in methamphetamine abusers (Methamphetamin 남용입원환자들의 C형간염 항체 양성률에 관한 조사)

  • Kim, Jin-Kyoo;Lee, Ji-Ho;Cho, Byung-Mann;Lee, Soo-Il
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.24 no.4 s.36
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    • pp.465-472
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    • 1991
  • This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection in drug abusers. The subjects were 141 inpatients who had been admitted to a general hospital with the symptoms and signs of methamphetamine intoxication. Seroprevalence of antibody to the hepatitis C virus(anti-HCV) was 60.3%(85/141) and it was higher in the group with increased frequency and duration of drug abuse, but such a relationship was not found in the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg). These findings suggested the possibility of high prevalence of HCV infection in methamphetamine abusers, and the importance of repetitive percutaneous injection in the transmission of HCV infection.

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C-shaped root canal system in mandibular 2nd molars in Korean people evaluated by cone beam computed tomography (Cone beam computed tomography를 이용하여 한국인 제2하악 대구치에서 C형 근관계에 대한 평가)

  • Kim, Miyeon;Kim, Jeonghee;Kim, Sunho;Song, Byungchul;Nam, Wook
    • Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: To determine the anatomical characteristic of C-shaped canal systems in Korean mandibular 2nd molars by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The 824 CBCT images were evaluated. These patients were taken CBCT for the diagnosis and treatment of dental implantation on 2013. The 711 mandibular 2nd molars were examined. The configuration of root canal systems were classified according to modified Melton's classifications. Results: Of the 711 mandibular 2nd molars, 21.5% had C-shaped canal systems. This prevalence did not differ with tooth position. Most of the C-shaped canals with bilateral molars were symmetrical. Of the C-shaped canal, the most common configuration Type were Melton's Type I (89%) in the orifice level and Melton's III (83.8%) in the apical level. The prevalence of C-shaped canal was higher in female (25%) than male (13.9%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: A high prevalence of C-shaped canals were observed in Korean mandibular 2nd molars. For successful C-shaped root canal treatment, the comprehension of root canal systems was important.

The Three-Dimensional Acoustic Field Analysis using the Type C CIP Method (C형 CIP법을 이용한 3차원 음장해석)

  • Lee, Chai-Bong;Oh, Sung-Qwan
    • The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 2010
  • The authors have investigated the acoustic field analysis using the Constrained Interpolation Profile(CIP) Method recently proposed by Yabe. This study has examined the calculation accuracy of the three-dimensional(3-D) acoustic field analysis using the type C CIP method. In this paper we show phase error of type C CIP method and the dependence on the wave-propagation direction in the type C CIP acoustic field analysis, and then demonstrate that it gives less-diffusive results than conventional analysis. Moreover, in comparison between type C-1 CIP, type C-2 CIP, type M CIP and FDTD, reports the memory requirements and calculation time of each method.

A STUDY ON THE C-SHAPED ROOT CANAL SYSTEM OF MANDIBULAR SECOND MOLAR (하악 제2대구치의 C형 근관계에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Dong-Gyun;Park, Jun-Mo;Hwang, Ho-Keel
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.335-342
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    • 2007
  • C-shaped canals are known to present a complex canal anatomy with numerous fins connecting individual canals, thus requiring supplementary effort to accomplish a successful root canal treatment. This study examined the frequency of the C-shaped mandibular second molars and interrelation between the clinical records and radiographs to recognize them treated in the Department of Conservative Dentistry of the Chosun University Dental Hospital during a six-year period (1998-2004). This study reviewed the clinical records of 227 patients who underwent root canal treatment of the mandibular second molars. After opening the chamber, those cases with C-shaped orifices in the pulpal floor were selected, ana the C-shaped root canal types were classified according to Melton's criteria. Three experienced dentists evaluated the radiographs of the C-shaped mandibular second molar on a viewer using a magnifying glass in order to determine if the root apex was fused or separated, the distal root canal was either centered or mesial shifted in the distal root, and if there was bilateral symmetry in a panorama. In conclusion, there is a high frequency of C-shaped mandibular second molars in Koreans. Simultaneous interpretation of the root shape and distal root canal using the preoperative, working length and post-treatment radiographs is important for diagnosing a C-shaped mandibular second molar.

PALATOGRAPHIC STUDY ON MALOCCLUSION PATIENTS IN FRICATIVE SOUNDS (구개도(口蓋圖)에 의(依)한 부정교합자(不正咬合者)의 마찰음(摩擦音)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Im, Chul-Joong
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.56-64
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    • 1968
  • 저자(著者)는 구개도(口蓋圖)에 의(依)하여 한국어(韓國語) 마찰음(摩擦音)의 라, 사, 자, 차 사행(四行), 도합(都合) 40음(音)에 대(對)한 정당교합자(正堂咬合者) 오인(五人)과 부정교합자(不正咬合者) 십칠인(十七人)의 발음(發音)을 조사(調査)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 라, 사, 자, 차 사행(四行)의 구개도(口蓋圖)는 V, H 및 C형(型)을 나타낸다. 2) 라행(行)의 구개도(口蓋圖)는 교합군(咬合群)에 관계(關係)없이 주(主)로 H형(型)을 보인다. 라행(行)에 있어서 전치(前齒)와 접촉부위간(接觸部位間)의 거리는 과개교합군(過蓋咬合群)에서 크고, 반대교하군(反對咬合群)에서는 작다. 3) 사행(行)은 주(主)로 V형(型)을 보이며 반대교합군(反對咬合群)에서만 C형(型)이 1/3정도(程度) 나타난다. 반대교합군(反對咬合群)에서의 V형(型)은 그 접촉부위(接觸部位)가 구치부(臼齒部)로 갈수록 두터워 진다. 4) 자, 차행(行)의 구개도(口蓋圖)는 라, 사행(行)에 비(比)하여 변화(變化)가 많다. a) 과개교합군(過蓋咬合群)은 H형(型)이 67%이고 나머지는 C형(型). b) 반대교합군(反對咬合群)은 거의 모두가 C형(型). c) 과개교합군(寡蓋咬合群)에서는 반이상(半以上)이 C형(型), 나머지는 H형(型)이나 간혹 V형(型)도 출현(出現)한다. 5) 구치부(臼齒部)에서의 측방반대교합(側方反對咬合)의 경우는 반대교합(反對咬合)이 있는 반대(反對)쪽의 접촉부위(接觸部位)가 넓다. 6) 과개교합군(寡蓋咬合群)에서의 접촉부위(接觸部位)는 정상군(正常群)이나 과개교합군(過蓋咬合群)에서 보다 일반적(一般的)으로 넓게 나타난다.

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A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON INCIDENCE OF C-SHAPED CANALS IN MANDIBULAR SECOND MOLARS (하악 제2대구치의 C형 근관 발현빈도에 관한 후향적 연구)

  • Kim, Hee-Sun
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.346-349
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    • 2009
  • Mandibular second molars have many variations in canal configuration. Technical modifications in cleaning, shaping and obturation are required. The purpose of this study was to investigate the root canal anatomy of mandibular second molars. 86 teeth of 85 patients were accessed and evaluated with taking radiographs for working length determination. 27 teeth(31.4%) had C-shaped canals, 43 teeth(50%) had 3 canals, 11 teeth(12.7%) had 4 canals, 5 teeth(5.8%) had 2 canals. Incidence of C-shaped canal was 31.7% in male and 31.1% in female. 30.9% of left mandibular second molar and 31.8% of right mandibular second molar showed C-shaped canals.

간염 virus(1)

  • 서진혜;박병채
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.2 no.3
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    • pp.163-173
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    • 1992
  • 간염바이러스들은 이들의 virology 및 임상적 특징들에 따라 A형, B형, C형, D형 및 E형으로 분류되며, A형 및 E형은 미개발국가들의 약년층에서 흔히 발생하는 급성간염의 원인으로 알려져 왔으나 만성간염 또는 간세포 암의 원인은 되지 않음으로 B형 및 C형에 비해 임상적인 의의는 적다. B형 바이러스는 급성간염 및 간세포 암의 가장 중요한 원인이며 전세계 인구 중에서 3억가량이 HBV에 감염되어 있고 이들의 75%가 아시아인인 것으로 밝혀져 있다. C형 바이러스는 최근에 비A형, 비B형 간염바이러스에 의한 간염의 중요한 원인으로 밝혀졌으며 구미 및 일본에서는 만성간염 및 간세포암의 가장 중요한 원인으로도 간주되고 있다. D형 간염바이러스는 지중해 연안국가, 북아프리카 및 중동국가들에서 HBV에 의해 이미 감염되어 있는 환자들을 침범함으로써 HBV에 의한 급성 및 만성간염을 악화시키나 HDV 단독으로는 간염의 원인이 될 수는 없다고 알려져 있다. 본지에서는 한국인에게서 임상적인 의의를 갖는 HBV에 대해 구체적으로 기술한다.

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