• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.398-405
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• 1992

Twenty nine adult patients underwent surgical esohpagectomy and one, bypass procedure for documented carcinoma of esophagus and cadiac portion of stomach at Chonnam National University Hospital from Jan 1986 to April 1991. There were several kinds of esophagectomies including through transhiatal, left thoracotomy only, laparotomy and thoracotomy, and laparotomy and right thoracotomy and cervical incision. Twenty five and squamous cell carcinoma and 5, adenocarcinoma. The tumor locations were the upper third in 3, middle third in 12, lower third in 10 and cardiac portion of stomach in 5. After operation, 8[27%] patients were classified in Stage IIa, 6[20%] patients in Stage IIb, 15 patients[50%] in Stage III and one patient in Stage IV. Major postoperative complications included anastomotic narrowing in 3, limited suture line leak in 2, wound infection in 2, hoarseness in 2, pseudomembraneous enterocolitis in 1 and herpes zoster in 1. There was no death within 30 days of operation. Ten months survival was 100% for patients with Stage lIa, 67% for patients with Stage IIb, 50% for patients with Stage III. Furthermore, 20 months survival was 75% in IIIa, 33% in IIb, and 40% in III. But there were no significant differences in survivals among the stage. The actuarial survival is 58% at one year and 41% at two years, The periods of average survival is 589 days after operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 1970

This is a report on two cases of aortic prostheses using Nylon tube. (Edwards-Tapp A-G Tube, Chemically treated braided Nylon arterial grafts). Especially, the complications after infection of synthetic graft are discussed with reviewing literature. First case was the patient who came to our hospital with rupture of the right femoral artery at the femoral fossa due to pyogenic necrotic process. After femoral arterial prostheses, good pulsation of dorsal artery of foot was obtained. However, the tube was obstructed after 8 weeks postoperatively due tll the complication of infection. In spite of the tube was removed because of obstruction and foreign body reaction of synthetic graft, an amputation of the leg was not necessary for formation of good collateral circulation. Second case was a case of aortic aneurysmal rupture in thoraco-abdominal junction which developed by the trauma of rib resection for osteomyelitis of the left 12th. rib An implantation of aortic graft was performed at the lowest tho13cic aorta by the way of thoraco-abdominal bypass without arterial pump. However, infection produced pyothorax in the left pleural cavity, exposing the tube within the pyothorax. The rupture of the anastomosed upper line occurred in 8 weeks postoperatively and the patient expired.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.311-316
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• 2011

Objective : Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the Republic of Korea. Time is the most important factor in hyperacute stroke. Yet, there had been no protocol for mechanical thrombolysis. We have treated patients with hyperacute stroke by mechanical thrombolysis for 3 years. In current study, we analyzed the outcome of mechanical thrombolysis. Methods : From March 2008 to February 2011, 36 patients were treated with mechanical thrombolysis. Initially we treated the patients by aggressive mechanical clot disruption (AMCD) who were admitted within 6 hours after the symptom onset. If revascularization was not achieved, balloon angioplasty was performed, followed by stenting or temporary endovascular bypass was performed. The result in 15 cases was not so successful. Since then, we started using the thromboaspiration method as the first line treatment of the mechanical thrombolysis. Results : After using the thromboaspiration, we had better results in recanalization rate, modified Rankin Score (mRS) and reperfusion injury compared to AMCD. The recanalization rate was 80.85%, mRS is 2.85, and there was only 0.09% hemorrhagic formation. Conclusion : Even though thromboaspiration is not statistically significant due to the limited numbers of patients enrolled in this study, we think it is a good way in mechanical thronbolysis for hyperacute stroke.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.2807-2811
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• 2015

Scorpion venom peptides recently have attracted attention as alternative chemotherapeutic agents that may overcome the limitations of current drugs, providing specific cytotoxicity for cancer cells with an ability to bypass multidrug-resistance mechanisms, additive effects in combination therapy and safety. In the present study, BmKn-2 scorpion venom peptide and its derivatives were chosen for assessment of anticancer activities. BmKn-2 was identified as the most effective against human oral squamous cells carcinoma cell line (HSC-4) by screening assays with an $IC_{50}$ value of $29{\mu}g/ml$. The BmKn-2 peptide killed HSC-4 cells through induction of apoptosis, as confirmed by phase contrast microscopy and RT-PCR techniques. Typical morphological features of apoptosis including cell shrinkage and rounding characteristics were observed in treated HSC-4 cells. The results were further confirmed by increased expression of pro-apoptotic genes such as caspase-3, -7, and -9 but decrease mRNA level of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 in BmKn-2 treated cells, as determined by RT-PCR assay. In summary, the BmKn-2 scorpion venom peptide demonstrates specific membrane binding, growth inhibition and apoptogenic activity against human oral cancer cells.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2008

A 77 GHz 3-stage low noise amplifier (LNA) employing one common source and two cascode stages is developed using $0.13{\mu}m$ CMOS process. To compensate for the low gain which is caused by lossy silicon substrate and parasitic element of CMOS transistor, positive feedback technique using parasitic inductance of bypass capacitor is adopted to cascode stages. The developed LNA shows gain of 7.2 dB, Sl1 of -16.5 dB and S22 of -19.8 dB at 77 GHz. The return loss bandwidth of LNA is 71.6 to 80.9 GHz (12%). The die size is as small as $0.7mm\times0.8mm$ by using bias line as inter-stage matching networks. This LNA shows possibility of 77 GHz automotive RADAR system using $0.13{\mu}m$ CMOS process, which has advantage in cost compared to sub-100 nm CMOS process.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.12
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• pp.968-971
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• 2001

Pedicled omentoplasty is effective in thoracic surgery, but it is associated with several postoperative complications. A case of diaphragmatic hernia as a complication of pedicled omentoplasty in a 65-year-old male is reported. Because aortoesophageal fistula occurred three months after the patch aortoplasty for mycotic aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta, he underwent ascending thoracic aorta to abdominal aorta bypass surgery with resection of thoracic aortic aneurysm and esophagorrhaphy with wrapping of the esophageal suture line and the stumps of aorta with pedicled omental flap. Three years after the operation, herniation of the stomach developed. The pedicled omental flap was ligated and divided, and the diaphragm defect was repaired.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.82.1-82.1
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• 2013

SPOES(Self Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy)는 반도체 및 LCD 제조 장비의 Foreline에 장착되는 센서로써, Foreline에 흐르는 Gas를 이온화시켜 이때 발생되는 빛을 분광시켜 공정의 상태 및 장비의 상태등을 종합적으로 점검할 수 있는 센서입니다. SPOES의 최대 장점은 공정 장비에 영향을 주기 않으면서 공정을 진단할 수 있고, 장비의 메인챔버에서 플라즈마 방전이 발생하지 않는 RPS (Remote Plasma System)등에 적용이 가능하며, 설치 및 분해이동과 운용이 용이한 장점이 있습니다. 하지만, SPOES는 오염성 가스 및 물질에 의한 오염에 취약한 단점이 있습니다. 예컨대, 플라즈마 방전에 의한 부산물들이 SPOES의 내부에 있는 윈도우의 렌즈에 부착되어 감도를 저하시켜, SEOES의 수명을 단축시킵니다. 또한 오염 물질이 SPOES 내부의 방전 CHAMBER에 증착되어 플라즈마 방전 효울을 저하시켜 센서의 효율을 저하시킵니다. 예를들면, 장비의 공정 챔버에서 배출되는 탄소와 같은 비금속성 오염물질과 텅스텐과 같은 금속성 오염물질이 SPOES의 방전 CHAMBER 내벽과 윈도우에 증착되어 오염을 유발합니다. 오염이 진행된 SPOES는 방전 CHAMBER의 오염으로 CHAMBER의 유전율을 변화시켜, 플라즈마 방전 효율의 저하를 가져오고, 윈도우의 오염은 빛의 투과율을 저하시켜, OES 신호의 감도를 저하시켜, SPOES 감도를 저하시키는 요인으로 작용합니다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기위한 방법으로 능동형 오염 방지 기술을 채용 하였습니다. 능동형 오염 방지 기법은 SPEOS의 방전 챔버에서 플라즈마 방전시 발생하는 진공의 밀도차를 이용하는 기술과 방전 챔버와 연결된 BYPASS LINE에 의해 발생되는 오염물질 자체 배기 시스템, 그리고 고밀도 플라즈마 방전을 일으키는 멀티 RF 기술 및 고밀도 방전을 일으키는 챔버 구조로 구성 되어 있습니다. 능동형 오염 방지 기법으로 반도체 공정에서 6개월 이상의 LIFETIME을 확보 할 수 있고, 고밀도 플라즈마로 인한 UV~NIR 영역의 감도 향상등을 확보 할 수 있습니다.

• Maritime Security
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.109-135
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• 2023

The North Korean military's maneuver toward Honam was the fastest maneuver the North Korean army had demonstrated during the Korean War, and it was a threatening attack that forced the Korean and Allied forces to fully adjust the defenses of the Nakdong River. However, when this study analyzed the North Korean military's maneuver toward Honam in terms of indirect approach strategy, there were a number of factors that inevitably led to its failure. In terms of implementing the indirect approach strategy, the North Korean military cited a number of failure factors, including the dispersion of combat forces, the inflexibility of changing the line of operation, the maneuvering of ground forces, and the lack of psychological distaction. However, the North Koreans were preparing for a final "surprise attack," in which the 7th Division, which was following the North Korean 6th Division, took another diversion and attempted to attack in the direction of Tongyeong. With this, the North Koreans intended to break through the Nakdong River defenses and head for Pusan. However, the North Korean attack was ultimately thwarted by the Korean Navy and Marine Corps' Tongyeong Amphibious Operation. With a swift maneuver using the sea as a maneuvering space, the Navy and Marine Corps occupied key points first, creating an advantageous situation and fending off an attack by the North Korean 7th Division. The Navy and Marine Corps' Tongyeong Amphibious Operation finally thwarted the North Korean military's maneuver toward Honam, thus maintaining the Nakdong River defenses.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to maintain high efficiency and reasonable use of cool thermal storage systems operated in the domestic building sector. As the result of efficiency test from the five types of operated cool storage systems on the condition that COP ranges are 2.6 to 3.4 during the day time and 2.1 to 3.0 during the night time and it decreased by more than 30% of rated COP given 3.8 to 3.0. The Analysis of cool storage rate shows that only 3 (21.4%) systems out of 15 buildings hold to over 40% capacity for its total capacity. To prevent the decrease in operating efficiency, it should correct the malfunction of 3-way valve and expansion valve and the mistake of control values for schedule program and increase cooling tower capacity. In order to improve piping line, it needs bypass brine line off refrigerator, separation of chilled water line with Ice Slurry system at day and night time and speed control of chilled and warm water pumps. This study does require the more studies on improving difficulty of increasing cooling load with Ice on Coil system, waterproofing with Ice Ball system, COP drop during the night time with Ice Lens, low operating temperature during the day time with Ice Slurry and increasing of Power loss due to hot gas de-icing with Ice Harvest in the future.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.12 s.257
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• pp.821-827
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• 2005

Background: Hemodilution after priming of the cardiopulmonary bypass is known to increase the possibility of bleeding and homologous transfusion in adult cardiac surgery. We investigated the effects of retrograde autologous priming (RAP) to see whether it would decrease postoperative bleeding and homologous transfusion. Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed 34 patients wpho underwent RAP and 46 patients who did not. Retrograde autologous priming consisted of arterial lire drainage, venous reservoir and oxygenator drainage and venous line drainage. We compared the amount of priming solution and RAP volume, perioperative hematocrit, postoperative bleeding and transfusion requirements in the two groups. Resuit: Mean withdrawal volume in RAP group was 613.5$\pm$160.6 mL and initial priming volume was 1381.9$\pm$37.2 mL. Hemoatocrits ($\%$) in RAP and control groups were 25.0$\pm$3.7 vs 20.9$\pm$3.6 (5 minutes after CPB), 25.9$\pm$3.7 vs 22.5$\pm$3.6 (30 minutes after CPB), 25.9$\pm$3.4 vs 23.8$\pm$2.8 (60 minutes after CPB), 31.9$\pm$3.9 vs 31.5$\pm$4.5 (postoperative 1 hour), 32.4$\pm$4.4 vs 32.1$\pm$4.5 (postoperative 6 hours), 33.4$\pm$5.0 vs 31.7$\pm$5.1 (postoperative 1 day)[repeated measures ANOVA, p < 0.05]. Chest tube drainages (mL) in the two groups were 357.2$\pm$177.1 vs 411.7$\pm$279.5 (postoperative 6 hours), 599.4$\pm$145.6 vs 678.8$\pm$256.4 (postoperative 24 hours)[t-test, p < 0.05]. Homologous transfusion was performed in 7 out of 34 patients in RAP group (20.6$\%$), and 16 out of 46 (34.8$\%$) in control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that the effects of reducing the priming volume during cardiopulmonary bypass may result in lesser bleeding and homologous transfusion. Retrograde autologous priming would be used to reduce postoperative bleeding and chance of transfusion after adult cardiac surgery.