• Title/Summary/Keyword: But-for방법

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A Case Study on Delay Analysis Methods in the Construction Projects (건설공사 공기지연 분석방법의 사례연구)

  • Kim, Young-Jae;Lee Woo-Chang;Hong Jung-Suk;Kim Kyung-Rai;Shin Dong-Woo
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.5 no.6 s.22
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    • pp.129-137
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    • 2004
  • When we consider the present state of construction delay claim analysis, the delay analysis methods generally used from the abroad construction industries are not applied to our industry. By reviewing the existing methods of delay analysis, this study investigated the important concepts and characteristics of the delay analysis methods. Selection of the delay analysis methods could be decided among 1)As-planned versus as-built comparison method,2)What-if method,3)But-for method.4)CPA method, and 5)DAMUDS method. In order to make clear the characteristics and mechanisms of the analysis methods, this study performed a case study.

NOGSEC: A NOnparametric method for Genome SEquence Clustering (녹섹(NOGSEC): A NOnparametric method for Genome SEquence Clustering)

  • 이영복;김판규;조환규
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.67-75
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    • 2003
  • One large topic in comparative genomics is to predict functional annotation by classifying protein sequences. Computational approaches for function prediction include protein structure prediction, sequence alignment and domain prediction or binding site prediction. This paper is on another computational approach searching for sets of homologous sequences from sequence similarity graph. Methods based on similarity graph do not need previous knowledges about sequences, but largely depend on the researcher's subjective threshold settings. In this paper, we propose a genome sequence clustering method of iterative testing and graph decomposition, and a simple method to calculate a strict threshold having biochemical meaning. Proposed method was applied to known bacterial genome sequences and the result was shown with the BAG algorithm's. Result clusters are lacking some completeness, but the confidence level is very high and the method does not need user-defined thresholds.

Implementations of Hypercube Networks based on TCP/IP for PC Clusters (PC 클러스터를 위한 TCP/IP 기반 하이퍼큐브 네트워크 구현)

  • Lee, Hyung-Bong;Hong, Joon-Pyo;Kim, Young-Tae
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.221-233
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    • 2008
  • In general, we use a Parallel processing computer manufactured specially for the purpose of parallel processing to do high performance computings. But we can depoly and use a PC cluster composed of several common PCs instead of the very expensive parallel processing computer. A common way to get a PC cluster is to adopt the star topology network connected by a switch hub. But in this paper, we grope efficient implementations of hypercube networks based on TCP/IP to connect 8 PCs directly for more useful parallel processing environment, and make evaluations on functionality and efficiency of them using ping, netperf, MPICH. The two proposed methods of implementation are IP configuration based on link and IP configuration based on node. The results of comparison between them show that there is not obvious difference in performance but the latter is more efficient in simplicity of routing table. For verification of functionality, we compare the parallel processing results of an application in them with the same in a star network based PC cluster. These results also show that the proposed hypercube networks support a perfect parallel processing environment respectively.

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Practical Design and Implementation Methodology for Disturbance Rejection Controller (외란 제거 제어기의 실제적인 설계 및 구현 방법)

  • Yeo Hee-Joo
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.37-47
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    • 2005
  • This Paper proposes a practical design and implementation methodology for a disturbance rejection controller. In a 2 Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) structure, disturbance rejection performance can be improved without a high gain in forward-loop controller which might cause unwanted side-effects in conventional controller. But, since design methodology of 2 DOF controller is originally derived from the 2 DOF theory, it is not easy to utilize fer various industrial applications. Disturbance observer is a simple, but very effective 2 DOF controller. In this paper, practical issues are discussed from basic idea of DOB to technical procedure for design and implementation. Additionally, a methods and their examples of experimental modeling are explained. The proposed method is demonstrated by two examples of linear-type motor systems.

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Effects of Seeding Rates and Seesbed Preparations on the Seedling Establishment and Yield of Surface-Sown Pasture Species (파종량과 파종상 처리방법이 겉뿌림한 목초의 정착과 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • Dong Am Kim;Sung Cheol Lee;Joung Kyong Lee
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.65-69
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    • 1990
  • An experiment was carried out ot determine the effects of seeding rates and seedbed preparations on the establishment and yield of surface-sown pasture species. Establishment of orchardgrass was significantly increased by the lowest seeding rate of 20 kg/ha as compared to 30 and 40 kg/ha, but no differences were found between the seeding rates of ladino clover. Both raking and burning significantly improved the establishment of pasture species in comparison with non-treatment. There was a significant difference between the raking and burning for the establishment of orchardgrass, but no significant difference was found between the two treatments for that of ladino clover. Increasing seeding rate of pasture species did not enhance the yield of surface-sown pasture, but both the raking and non-treatment significantly increased the yield of pasture species. The results suggest that both the raking and burning can improve the establishment but increasing seeding rate over 20 kg/ha and burning may not increase the yield.

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Determination of Uplift Capacity of Pile in Sand (모래 지반에 위치한 말뚝의 인발 저항력)

  • Lee, Young Hoon;Kwon, Oh Kyun;Kim, Myoung Mo
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.229-235
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    • 1993
  • This paper examines the conventional methods to estimate the uplift capacity of the piles in sands and points out the limitations of each methods. And the modified method to estimate the uplift capacity more correctly is proposed. The comparisons between each theoretical values and the reported experimental results show that Meyerhof method tends to underestimate the uplift capacity for dense sands, but to overestimate for medium and loose sands. Of the analytical methods, Chattopadhyay and Pise method is most agreeable to the experimental data. But the difference between the measured values and the analytical ones is significant. This difference can be reduced by the modification of the failure surface proposed by Chattopadyay and Pise.

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A Design of Artificial based Traffic Control System using Artificial Analytic Hierachy Process (인공지능기반 AHP를 이용한 교통제어기 설계)

  • Jin, Hyun-Soo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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    • 2005.11a
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    • pp.448-451
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    • 2005
  • For measuring a traffic symbolic confusion quantity and symbolic air pleasantness, we use fuzzy sensor algorithm maded by symbolic information quantity. But for implementation of fuzzy sensor, we use some symbolic information item, this method cannot produce precise output because we use vague fuzzy rule method and we cannot abundance fuzzy for precision of fuzzy rule method. For this reason this paper introduce new fuzzy sensor algorithm composed of not fuzzy rule method but using Analytic Hierachy Process. To prove that new method is good, two type of fuzzy sensor applied to traffic signal controller and through much passing vehicle, two fuzzy sensor compared each other.

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Comparison of the analytical methods for Cd in brown rice (현미중(玄米中) 카드뮴의 분석방법(分析方法)에 관(關)한 비교연구(比較硏究))

  • Kim, Bok-Young;Lee, Min-Hyo
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.338-344
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    • 1995
  • The wet ash method has been used as an official standard procedure for the analysis of Cd in brown rice in Korea, but this method involves several disadvantages. Thus, four analytical methods were compared in this experiment in order to find a more efficient method for the Cd analysis in brown rice. Evaluation was made based on both the Cd recovery percentages from the Cd-spiked samples and the relationships between Cd contents obtained by the official procedure and other methods. Results showed that ashing 50g brown rice at $600^{\circ}C$(dry ash method) recovered nearly 80% of the spiked Cd. This recovery percentage was a little lower than that of the wet ash method(87%) but higher than those of other methods. The dry ash method had the lowest standard deviations and revealed the highest correlation coefficient($r=0.98^{\ast\ast}$) in Cd contents with the standard wet ash method. These results demonstrated that the dry ash method, ashing 50g brown rice at $600^{\circ}C$, would be as efficient as the wet ash method and could be employed as a recommended procedure for the Cd analysis of brown rice.

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Chiron-2 Architecture Based Score Processing System for Web-Based Education (웹 기반 학습을 위한 Chiron-2 아키텍처기반의 성적처리 시스템)

  • Jeong Hwa-Young
    • Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2005
  • Web-Based instruction system implemented according to CGI based process-oriented. But, in case of system development, theses method is able to take inefficiency with duplication of program code. Also, ofter the development, it takes difficult on the operation and management. In this research, I implement Web-based score processing system by component composition. Applied component model is Java Beans and composition method is to use Chiron-2 architecture. By this method, this research shows the high efficiency - not only structural advance but also low value of cyclomatic complex that measure a maintenance.

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Effect of Nitrogen Split Application on Growth and Grain Yield at No - tillage Machine Transplanting of Infant Rice Seedling (벼 어린모 무경운 기계이앙재배의 질소 분시방법에 따른 생육 및 수량)

  • 김상수;최민규;박홍규;유철현;이선용
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.41 no.6
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    • pp.698-703
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    • 1996
  • To elucidate the proper nitrogen application method for machine transplanting of rice infant seedling in no-tilled paddy, Dongjinbyeo was used and nitrogen was applied five methods including conventional application method. Leaf color was darker at 80% of total nitrogen was applied as basal and lighter at 20% of total nitrogen was reduced than conventional application method in tillering stage, but wasn't significantly different after panicle formation stage among the application method. And it was thinner at tillering stage and was darker after panicle formation stage in no-tilled paddy compared with tilled paddy. Tiller number, LAI and top dry weight were more at 80% of total nitrogen was ap-plied as basal than conventional application method, and more in tilled paddy than no-tilled one at tillering stage, but at heading stage they were highest at top dressing applied 25 days after transplanting. C.G.R was highest at top dressing for tillering was delayed and it was lower in no-tilled paddy at tillering stage but was higher after panicle formation stage than in tilled one. Yield was highest at top dressing time was delayed among nitrogen application method, but wasn't significantly different between tilled method in same nitrogen application method.

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