• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.79-87
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• 1985

Environmental approach places the focus on a cause-and-effect relationship between the external environments and the internal business conditions. But that approach is an attempt to describe the characteristics of environmental constraints. W.J. Abernathy, K.B. Clark, and A.M. Kantrow attribute the Japanese carmaker's success to superiority in the manufacturing plant, especially in their process systems and work force management. They provide a paradigm for discussions of manufacturing competitiveness comparison. The structure of the paradigm has two main distinctions. The first is the division between analysis and prescription of a macro sort and those of a micro sort, the second is the division between analysis and prescription based on hardware and those based on software.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2022

Religions and beliefs can affect the shopping behaviors of its followers and practitioners. However, the knowledge about the factors that motivate, facilitate and even constrain customers' purchase of spiritual goods, such as feng shui items, is limited. Therefore, in this study, I examined the reasons, facilitators, and constraints of purchasing spiritual goods from the buyers' perspective. Two research questions directed the examination process, including (1) why users buy spiritual goods? And (2) what factors may facilitate or constrain the purchase and use of spiritual goods? Using Vietnam's feng shui market as the context, I applied the autoethnographic and ethnographic methods to collect and analyze the data. I found that the two main reasons to purchase the feng shui items were the products' meaning and beauty. In addition, I observed three groups of factors that could facilitate or constrain the purchase and use of feng shui items, including information about the products and their sellers, disposable income and life stage of the buyers, and price and authenticity of the products. Finally, based on these findings, I discussed the practical implications for managing the spiritual goods market in Vietnam.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.192-203
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• 2012

As a leading nation of ubiquitous technology, South Korea has been promoting u-City pilot projects throughout the country. According to 'Fundamental Construction Law of u-City,' u-City projects are classified into old-town and new-town types. However, most projects have focused only on the new-town type. Pushing forward large-scale land development projects, Korea Land and Housing Corporation (LH Co.) under Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affairs (MLTM) has gained a development profit out of the u-City infrastructure and then donated the infrastructure to a local government without making any plan for operations. In the process of u-City pilot projects, old-towns have been relatively ignored and various of unexpected problems have emerged. Building the u-City of an old-town is not easy due to many constraints such as huge initial investment, long validity and verification procedures, lack of useful services for citizens, lack of professional outsourcing methods for business promotion, high operating costs of the integrated control center, inadequate law related, insufficient institutional requirements and so on. This paper introduces a case study on u-City development for an old-town, Ansan City, as a private investment project. The case will help boost u-City projects for old-towns by solving their problems and providing an effective operational mechanism. As the first BTL (Build-Transfer-Lease) project for constructing u-City, 'Broadband Information Network Development Project' of Ansan City will provide a reference model of expanding u-City projects for other cities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.61-75
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• 2009

Generally, the development of the database application includes the requirement analysis phase of creating ERD (Entity Relationship Diagram) and process models, coding, and testing. From the above phases, the analysis phase is not most formalized. It is usually hard task because (1) customers don't know the details of the desired system; (2) developers can't with ease understand the business logic of the customers; (3) the outcomes of the analysis, which are ERD and process models, are not easy to understand to the customers. This paper propose that the executional forms, which are better to understand the systems, should be presented to the customers instead of the ERD. These forms should accept the data input so that customers can review the various aspects of the outcome models. The developers should be able to instantly implement the business logic and also should be able to visually demonstrate the logic in order to get the details of it. For this goal, the customer supplied business logic should be able to be implemented by the references between forms, actions, constraints from the perspective of the data flow. The customers try to execute the forms implementing the business logic and review their supplied logic find new necessary business logic of their own. Iterating these processes for the requirement analysis would result in the success of the analysis which is sufficiently detailed without conflicts.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.149-161
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• 2014

The export of domestic public services to overseas markets contains many potential obstacles, stemming from different export procedures, the target services, and socio-economic environments. In order to alleviate these problems, the business incubation platform as an open business ecosystem can be a powerful instrument to support the decisions taken by participants and stakeholders. In this paper, we propose an ontology model and its implementation processes for the business incubation platform with an open and pervasive architecture to support public service exports. For the conceptual model of platform ontology, export case studies are used for requirements analysis. The conceptual model shows the basic structure, with vocabulary and its meaning, the relationship between ontologies, and key attributes. For the implementation and test of the ontology model, the logical structure is edited using Prot$\acute{e}$g$\acute{e}$ editor. The core engine of the business incubation platform is the simulator module, where the various contexts of export businesses should be captured, defined, and shared with other modules through ontologies. It is well-known that an ontology, with which concepts and their relationships are represented using a shared vocabulary, is an efficient and effective tool for organizing meta-information to develop structural frameworks in a particular domain. The proposed model consists of five ontologies derived from a requirements survey of major stakeholders and their operational scenarios: service, requirements, environment, enterprise, and county. The service ontology contains several components that can find and categorize public services through a case analysis of the public service export. Key attributes of the service ontology are composed of categories including objective, requirements, activity, and service. The objective category, which has sub-attributes including operational body (organization) and user, acts as a reference to search and classify public services. The requirements category relates to the functional needs at a particular phase of system (service) design or operation. Sub-attributes of requirements are user, application, platform, architecture, and social overhead. The activity category represents business processes during the operation and maintenance phase. The activity category also has sub-attributes including facility, software, and project unit. The service category, with sub-attributes such as target, time, and place, acts as a reference to sort and classify the public services. The requirements ontology is derived from the basic and common components of public services and target countries. The key attributes of the requirements ontology are business, technology, and constraints. Business requirements represent the needs of processes and activities for public service export; technology represents the technological requirements for the operation of public services; and constraints represent the business law, regulations, or cultural characteristics of the target country. The environment ontology is derived from case studies of target countries for public service operation. Key attributes of the environment ontology are user, requirements, and activity. A user includes stakeholders in public services, from citizens to operators and managers; the requirements attribute represents the managerial and physical needs during operation; the activity attribute represents business processes in detail. The enterprise ontology is introduced from a previous study, and its attributes are activity, organization, strategy, marketing, and time. The country ontology is derived from the demographic and geopolitical analysis of the target country, and its key attributes are economy, social infrastructure, law, regulation, customs, population, location, and development strategies. The priority list for target services for a certain country and/or the priority list for target countries for a certain public services are generated by a matching algorithm. These lists are used as input seeds to simulate the consortium partners, and government's policies and programs. In the simulation, the environmental differences between Korea and the target country can be customized through a gap analysis and work-flow optimization process. When the process gap between Korea and the target country is too large for a single corporation to cover, a consortium is considered an alternative choice, and various alternatives are derived from the capability index of enterprises. For financial packages, a mix of various foreign aid funds can be simulated during this stage. It is expected that the proposed ontology model and the business incubation platform can be used by various participants in the public service export market. It could be especially beneficial to small and medium businesses that have relatively fewer resources and experience with public service export. We also expect that the open and pervasive service architecture in a digital business ecosystem will help stakeholders find new opportunities through information sharing and collaboration on business processes.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.159-174
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• 2023

In this paper, we proposed a methodology to effectively determine the selection and prioritization of new business and innovation projects using AI technology. AI technology is a technology that can upgrade the business of companies in various industries and increase the added value of the entire industry. However, there are various constraints and difficulties in the decision-making process of selecting and implementing AI projects in the enterprise. In this paper, we propose a new methodology for prioritizing AI projects using Morphology, AHP, and TOPSIS. The proposed methodology helps prioritize AI projects by simultaneously considering the technical feasibility of AI technology and real-world user requirements. In this study, we applied the proposal methodology to a real enterprise that wanted to prioritize multiple AI projects in the HR field and evaluated the results. The results confirm the practical applicability of the methodology and suggest ways to use it to help companies make decisions about AI projects. The significance of the methodology proposed in this study is that it is a framework for prioritizing multiple AI projects considered by a company in the most reasonable way by considering both business and technical factors at the same time.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1666-1689
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• 2021

The red line of Permanent Basic Farmland is the most important part in the "three-line" demarcation of China's national territorial development plan. The scientific and reasonable delineation of the red line is a major strategic measure being taken by China to improve its ability to safeguard the practical interests of farmers and guarantee national food security. The delineation of Permanent Basic Farmland zoning (DPBFZ) is essentially a multi-objective optimization problem. However, the traditional method of demarcation does not take into account the synergistic development goals of conservation of cultivated land utilization, ecological conservation, or urban expansion. Therefore, this research introduces the idea of artificial immune optimization and proposes a multi-objective model of DPBFZ red line delineation based on a clone selection algorithm. This research proposes an objective functional system consisting of these three sub-objectives: optimal quality of cropland, spatially concentrated distribution, and stability of cropland. It also takes into consideration constraints such as the red line of ecological protection, topography, and space for major development projects. The mathematical formal expressions for the objectives and constraints are given in the paper, and a multi-objective optimal decision model with multiple constraints for the DPBFZ problem is constructed based on the clone selection algorithm. An antibody coding scheme was designed according to the spatial pattern of DPBFZ zoning. In addition, the antibody-antigen affinity function, the clone mechanism, and mutation strategy were constructed and improved to solve the DPBFZ problem with a spatial optimization feature. Finally, Tongxu County in Henan province was selected as the study area, and a controlled experiment was set up according to different target preferences. The results show that the model proposed in this paper is operational in the work of delineating DPBFZ. It not only avoids the adverse effects of subjective factors in the delineation process but also provides multiple scenarios DPBFZ layouts for decision makers by adjusting the weighting of the objective function.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.97-111
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• 2024

Developing countries and small local governments face financial constraints, limiting the adoption of their own bus information systems. However, despite poor social infrastructure and low income levels, developing countries have a high smartphone penetration rate, and the distribution and usage of online content and social media are widespread. Smartphones, equipped with GPS sensors, cameras, and other location-based information collection capabilities, can replace expensive on-site terminals. This study aims to replace expensive on-site terminals with smartphones, develop a center system based on cloud servers, and establish an extensible Open BIS (Bus Information System) service and platform that can be applied anywhere. The goal is to formulate a business model in the process.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 1999.11b
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• pp.209-213
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• 1999

In the society of the 21\ulcorner century under multiphase media conditions, the rapidly glowing electronic media will replace the conventional paper media in a variety of areas. However, if human being still has an affinity for paper media and an instinct for hardcopy from electronic-based text or image, the new market will be created for the paper industry. To what extent the consumer choses paper media for output will depend upon the availability of functions of paper media appealing to human senses; i.e., "sensory functions of paper". As a whole, on-demand type personal as well as business communications will increase in the next century and this trend will lead certainly to a rapidly expanding "contents hardcopy market". The technological progress of the paper industry in the 21\ulcorner century depends upon the market needs for higher products quality and higher efficiency of manufacturing process as well as an endeavour to overcome constraints from forest resource, energy, and environmental issues. Under the conditions with above constraints, the paper media will be polarized into two categories; (1)paper for higher image reproduction capability for original image or text and (2)paper for lower reproduction but with higher appeals for human senses. To cope with these trends, psycho-physical analysis and a sensory engineering approach for developing new paper media is vitally required. Also newly emerged roles of paper physics in the multimedia age is pointed out associated with sensory functions of paper that are not well-understood so far.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.181-187
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• 2013

Moreover a new logistics concept is needed through the sharing information between suppliers and consumers, which maximizes the level of customers service and its flexibility by changing functional-oriented to process-oriented. In other words, Supply Chain Management(SCM) is now considered as a key aspect of business, which controls the flows of information, funds, and goods in the supply chain. Rationalization of transport-delivery system will be one of the most important issues on logistics management to the domestic companies. The companies need the effective delivery system. Especially in the case of delivery system from distribution centers to customers or vendors, it might take a long time to control the delivery system manually because it would be hard to apply the automatic vehicle routing algorithm effectively considering all the practical constraints. Thus this study develops a heuristic algorithm of automatic vehicle delivery support system in terms of grouping by short ranges of vehicle movement utilizing postal coordinates, which satisfies a variety of realistic constraints and reduces controlling time of manual operations.