• Title/Summary/Keyword: Business Model Diversification

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Income Distribution and Factors Affecting the Bank's Stability

  • TRINH, Viet Xuan;DO, Du Kim;NGUYEN, Anh Thi Lan
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.20 no.9
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    • pp.23-28
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: Research on banking sustainability plays an important role in helping banks understand the level of risk in different types of companies. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the sustainability of Joint Stock Commercia l Banks in Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: The following theories, the factors affecting the bank's sustainability include: Business model diversification (income diversification), bank size, loan ratio, and net interest margin. Data was collected from Joint Stock Commercial banks in Vietnam from 2015 to 2019. With GLS model on panel data with banks listed on Vietnam stock exchange. Results: The analysis results show that net interest income has a positive impact on the sustainable business results of banks through the rate of return on total assets (ROA). The non-interest income hasn't impact on bank stability. From this result, there aren't positive signs of income diversification in banks. At the same time, with the obtained results, the study also provides a policy implication for banks. Conclusions: The study also provides some policy implications to improve the bank stability. Diversifying income in banks is necessary, but how to make it influential banks has not yet been done. Therefore, the adjustments in non-interest business activities need to be carefully considered by banks.

The Critical Analysis of the Bloomberg Estimation of the Cost of Equity Capital for Korean Firms (블룸버그(Bloomberg)를 이용한 한국기업의 자기자본비용 추정에 대한 타당성 분석)

  • Park, Kyung-Do;Ahn, Seoung-Pil
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.29-47
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    • 2018
  • This paper examines the relationship between diversification and financial performance of community credit unions in Korea from 2011 to 2017. To do so, I employ fixed-effects panel analyses using credit union level panel data collected from the National Credit Union Federation of Korea. This study finds evidence that business diversification is likely to lower the ratio of troubled loans, which means improving asset quality of credit unions. However, the relationship between diversification and asset quality is not linear but nonlinear, which means over-diversification would have negative effects on asset quality. Next, diversification tends to increase profitability. Specifically, although diversification results in a rise in expenditures, an increase in profits made by diversification outweighs the rise in expenditures, which contributes to profitability. Put together, diversification would be a good business strategy to improve both profitability and asset quality. Given a result that fast loan growth deteriorates asset quality, credit unions' managers might adopt the diversification strategy to enhance asset quality, and not to pursue their own objectives motivated by moral hazards.

The Relationship Between Firm Diversification and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia

  • CAHYO, Heru;KUSUMA, Hadri;HARJITO, D. Agus;ARIFIN, Zaenal
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.497-504
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    • 2021
  • This extended study aims to analyze empirically the influence of firm diversification on firm performance moderated by the stages of the firm life cycle, which consists of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. The target population of this study is the firms listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The sampling method uses purposive sampling in the multi-business firm in Indonesia; it includes as many as 127 firms over the period from 2011 to 2017, totaling 889 firm-year observations. The firm performance is measured using a return of equity while the level of firm diversification with the minimum number of two operating segments is proxied by the Herfindahl index. The analysis method used in this study is the estimator model of the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). The main findings show that the firm life cycle at the stage of growth and maturity significantly strengthens the influence of firm diversification on firm performance. On the other hand, the stage of decline fails to moderate the relationship between firm diversification and firm performance. This study discusses the implications and contributions of the findings theoretically, and provide some policy justifications for potential investors before they invest their money in the capital market.

Impact of Product Diversification and International Diversification on Corporate Performance: A study of China Listed Enterprises (제품다각화와 국제다각화가 기업성과에 미치는 영향 - 중국 상장기업을 중심으로 -)

  • Song, Ya Nan;Wu, Mei Dan;Lee, Jae Ho
    • International Area Studies Review
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.59-77
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    • 2017
  • Diversification strategy is important for the enterprise which intends to expand its competitive advantage. However, it is not always a success because of its different form and level which brings us totally different results also. This study analysis the effect from diversification strategy on firm performance and we divided the diversification strategy into two different level: products diversification level and international diversification level. We select financial data from 88 China listed enterprises during the year from 2008-2013 and use fixed effect model to do the analysis. According to the result, there is a positive effect between diversification strategy and firm value. A company which has the higher products diversification level and international diversification level will more possibly achieve success in diversification strategy. However, there is no significant effect on firm's profit. Considering the time effect of profit, we used after 1 year profit data and find that the enterprise which has a higher level of international diversification will have less profit, but there is also no significant effect between product diversification and firm's profit.

Influence of the Business Portfolio Diversification on Construction Companies' Financial Stability (건설업체 사업 포트폴리오 다각화에 따른 건설업체 안정성 분석)

  • Jang, Sewoong
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.105-112
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    • 2014
  • The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between the degree of business diversification of a construction company and two of the indicators that represent financial stability, namely, a current ratio and a debt ratio, in order to draw policy implications. The current ratio and the debt ratio were used as variables that represent financial stability of a construction company. Berry-Herfindahl Index was used to measure the degree of business portfolio diversification of a construction company. For the analysis, quarterly time series data were retrieved from the financial information disclosure system of Korea's Financial Supervisory Service for the period between the first quarter of 2001 and the third quarter of 2013. The analysis results showed that a higher current ratio and a debt ratio led to a greater extent of business diversification. A higher level of business diversification led to a higher current ratio and a lower debt ratio. It was also shown that the impact of business diversification on the current ratio and the debt ratio outweighed the impact of changes in the current ratio and the debt ratio on business diversification. Meanwhile, an increase in the level of business diversification showed a quite positive effect as it raised the current ratio and lowered the debt ratio of a construction company. These findings suggest that diversification of business portfolio is essential for construction companies to strengthen their financial stability.

Weight Vector Analysis to Portfolio Performance with Diversification Constraints (비중 상한 제약조건에 따른 포트폴리오 성과에 대한 투자 비중 분석)

  • Park, Kyungchan;Kim, Hongseon;Kim, Seongmoon
    • Korean Management Science Review
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.51-64
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    • 2016
  • The maximum weight of single stock in mutual fund is limited by regulations to enforce diversification. Under incomplete information with added constraints on portfolio weights, enhanced performance had been reported in previous researches. We analyze a weight vector to examine the effects of additional constraints on the portfolio's performance by computing the Euclidean distance from the in-sample tangency portfolio, as opposed to previous researches which analyzed ex-post return only. Empirical experiment was performed on Mean-variance and Minimum-variance model with Fama French's 30 industry portfolio and 10 industry portfolio for the last 1,000 months from August 1932 to November 2015. We find that diversification-constrained portfolios have 7% to 26% smaller Euclidean distances with the benchmark portfolio compared to those of unconstrained portfolios and 3% to 11% greater Sharpe Ratio.

The Effects of Ownership Concentration on Savings Bank Diversification by using Panel Data (패널데이터를 이용한 저축은행 소유집중도와 다각화)

  • Bae, Soo Hyun
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.77-82
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the controlling shareholding ratio and the business diversification of savings banks The difference in this study is the analysis of the relationship between the controlling shareholding ratio of the savings bank and the business diversification using panel data. In this study, the semi-annual financial statements for the period 2014-2018 were used on the basis of a sample of 79 saving banks. The research model is analyzed using random effects generalized linear square (GLS) model considering the autocorrelation problem. As a result of the empirical analysis, it is estimated that the relationship between the controlling shareholding ratio of the savings bank and the business diversification is significant (+). This is the result of supporting the hedging hypothesis.

A Study on Workload Measurement Model for the Postal Delivery Service (우편 집배업무 부하 산정 모델 연구)

  • Lee, Sang-Rak;Park, Moon-Sung;Cha, Chun-Nam;Shim, Joung-Taek;Cha, Byung-Chul
    • IE interfaces
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.196-203
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    • 2012
  • In the postal delivery service, both the standardization of business process and the workload measurement is very important part of saving the cost and improving the efficiency. However, these are not easy to apply to real situation because of the labor-intensive and diversification of delivery environment. In this study, we develop the methodology for the standardization of business process and workload measurement model of the postal delivery service. Firstly, we introduce the work factor analysis on the postal delivery process. Then, we propose the methodology workload measurement model based on diversification of delivery environment.

Diversification Strategy through Market Creation: The Case of CJ Group

  • Jeong, Jaeseok;Kim, Nam Jung;Lim, Hyunjoo;Kang, Hyoung Goo;Moon, Junghoon
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.1-32
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this paper is to investigate upon a diversification strategy through market creation of CJ Group, which has contributed in positioning of the firm as one of the leading conglomerates in South Korea. With such objective, the background of CJ Group, followed by its business diversification strategies were explored, with reference to several case studies. The history of CJ Group began with establishment of CheilJedang Industrial Corporation in 1953, as the first domestic sugar producer and exporter of South Korea. The corporation gradually expanded its business ever since at both national and global level, to include the fields of food production, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and life chemicals. Later, CheilJedang (CJ) Group was established as an affiliate of CheilJedang Industrial Corporation. With such independence, extension of business has been witnessed across the industries of media, entertainment, finance, information technology and distribution. Thus, the current CJ Group pursues to define itself as a progressive global living culture company with four major business categories from food and food service, biotechnology, entertainment and media, and logistics. Despite its success in today's market, CJ Group underwent hardships in its business diversification in 1990s due to indiscreet management, along with the Asian financial crisis. Here, many firms overcame the financial difficulties by taking advantage of the exchange rate for overseas expansion. Though, CJ Group tried to differentiate itself by focusing on the domestic market by creating something out of nothing. Hence, CJ Group takes a unique position among many cases of business diversification and their categorization. In an effort to identify and classify the types of growth experienced by the top 30 companies in South Korea, the firms were categorized into four groups according to their diversification strategies adapted after the Asian financial crisis. Based on the mode and time of entry, corporations were identified either as the 'Explorer', 'Invader', 'Venture Capitalist', or 'Assimilator'. Here, the majority of the firms showed the qualities of Invader, entering mature markets through large-scaled mergers and acquisitions. However, CJ Group was the only firm that was categorized as an Explorer, for its focus on the newly emerging service sector in culture-contents industry. This diversification strategy through market creation is worth examining, due to its contribution in generating simultaneous growth between the market and the company itself. Diverse brands of CJ Group have been referred to as case studies in this regard, from 'Hatban', 'Cine de Chef', 'VIPS' to 'CJ GLS'. These four businesses, each to represent processed food, film, restaurant service, and logistics industries respectively, show CJ Group's effectiveness in creating a whole new category of goods and services that are innovative. In fact, such businesses not only contributed in advancement of consumers' wellbeing, but toward generating additional value and employment. It is true that the diversification strategy of CJ Group requires long-term capital investment with high risk, compared to the other strategies mentioned in the paper. However, this model does create high employment and additional values that are positive to both the society and the firm itself. Therefore, the paper comes to a conclusion that the diversification strategy through market creation conveys the most positive impact relative to the others.

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Arts Organization's Business Diversification Strategies: Case of Sanwoollim Theater Company (예술단체의 사업다각화 연구 - 산울림 소극장의 사례를 중심으로 -)

  • Song, JuYoung;Chang, WoongJo
    • Korean Association of Arts Management
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    • no.53
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    • pp.153-177
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    • 2020
  • Arts organizations commonly face a range of operational challenges, from a lack of skilled workers to limited financial resources and thus are dependent on subsidies from the government. Yet, to fully realize their mission arts organizations must both develop strategies to effectively utilize government support and seek a way forward that does not depend on public subsidies. Business diversification, a strategy from corporate management, entails the expansion of products and services, and entry into new industries, enabling companies to disperse risks and increase profits. We propose that business diversification can be effectively applied to arts organization to address the myriad operational difficulties they face. To understand how an arts organization might deploy business diversification we conducted a case study of an organization that is actively pursuing the strategy: Sanwoollim Theater. We interviewed staff members of Sanwoollim including the executive director, as well as selected audiences, to understand how the business diversification model was being applied at Sanwoollim. Our findings indicate that, in a complex arts and cultural space, business diversification is a fresh and flexible new strategy that can enable private cultural arts organizations to thrive sustainably. It is also evident that government support in the initial stages of the process encourages diversification and that successful private arts organizations will leverage government subsidies into a sustainable business plan.