• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.627-635
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• 2013

This study examines the issue of causality between ocean industries and urban economic growth in the sea port city. To maximize economic advantage of Busan as a sea port city, we first need to analyze the effects of ocean industries on urban economic growth. This study focuses on the examination of the role of ocean industries and its related variations in economic growth at the urban level. Using data from Busan. Metropolitan City in Korea during 1985-2011, we find that the causality link between ocean industries and urban economic growth rates runs in both directions. Especially, industries of shipping/port, marine tourism, and shipbuilding were the most important variables in Busan economy. With this information, the empirical results show that ocean industries and its related variations have significant effects on urban economic growth. Based on these significant research findings, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

Temporal and horizontal distributions of surface ozone concentrations covering the Busan metropolitan area were simulated by UAM -V (The Variable grid Urban Airshed Model) that was run with meteorological inputs taken from MM5 for ozone episode day (18 July 1999). UAM-V underestimated the daily maximum ozone con-centration about 14 ppb on average at all monitoring sites within Busan area comparing with observed value. but the correlation between observed and simulated values showed quite significant (R = 0.896, p< 0.01 on average). Higher concentrations of ozone occurred near the city center and industrial areas (western side of city) with high levels of anthropogenic source in the morning, and transport of ozone and its precursors by sea breeze developed in the afternoon contributed to elevated ozone levels in downwind rural areas. Particalarly in slightly downwind area of city center, the highest daily maximum ozone concentration ($\geq$120 ppb) was simulated by UAM-V at 1400 LST. Consequently, local environments including emission distributions and land -sea breeze circulation influenced ozone distributions in the Busan metropolitan area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.128-136
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• 2009

Korean Film Industry is focused on the Seoul Metropolitan Areas. Recently regional governments are interested in Film Industry and they are constructing the Film Industry Cluster powerfully. Especially the Government of NoMuHyun's the policy of the regional development is changed to the central focused development in the Governmen of LeeMyungbak. And somebody insisted that Film Industry Cluster is based on the Seoul Metropolitan Areas and the moving of the film related public organization to the Busan City should be cancelled for the development of the Korean Film Industry. But the Busan should be the main city in constructing the Film Industry Cluster and the public film organizations should be moved to the Busan.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2007

Since the 1980's the school of Busan metropolitan city has been converted into the other land-use such as high-rise apartment houses, commercial and office buildings. School facilities are available to locate in green area due to not restricted by land use zone. And the location of school facilities were closely related with the school district, distribution of neighborhood unit, safety of students, and so on. The purpose of this study is to understand the location characteristic of school - moved sites in Busan metropolitan city.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2009

In this study, antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolated from domestic beef on sale in Busan and Gyeongnam province was investigated from March to October 2008. A total of 400 beef samples were collected for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance, and 39 (9.8%) strains of E. coli were isolated. Antimicrobial resistance test was carried out by agar disc diffusion method with 17 antimicrobials. In general, E. coli isolates showed the highest antimicrobial resistance to tetracycline (85.3%), followed by doxycycline (76.5%), streptomycin (61.8%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (61.8%). Then they showed higher resistance to several antimicrobials like kanamycin and neomycin (55.9%). However, They had low antimicrobial resistance to amikacin (8.8%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (2.9%). Of 39 isolates, 31 (79.5%) were resistant to more than 2 antimicrobials. Among 17 antimicrobials examined, tetracyclines were the most resistant, followed by aminoglycosides, sulfonamides. The resistance was seemed to be correlated to amounts of antimicrobial use. In the result of this study, we suggest that there be need to regulate the abuse of antimicrobial on food-producing animals in Korea because the concern on antimicrobial resistant is gradually increased worldwide.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.345-349
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• 2003

A theme park is a tourism destination attracting a lot of tourists. Many local authorities establish theme parks within their own territory. Busan Metropolitan City tries to host an attractive theme park, and to make the city known as the tourism destination for 21st century. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a policy and management strategy of theme park based on questionnaire analysis for international tourists visiting Busan. First, it is needed to supply low land price to reduce construction cost and to attract investors from the public and private sectors. Second, the theme park has to have attractive themes and new events for repeaters. Third, infra structures related to the theme parks should be provided for the easy accessibility. Finally more emphasis should be placed on public relation and service education for employees.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2003

With increasing population densities in cities, underground facilities and entertainment locations are proliferating at a rapid pace in efforts to maximize the use of land. The purpose of this study is to evaluate CO concentration level of subway stations having underground platforms in Busan Metropolitan City, from September to November 2000, over seven times. The places of inquiry include Yonsan-dong station, Somyon station, Busan station, Nampo-dong station and Dusil station. The samplings were conducted at three points of each station, i.e. gates, ticket gates, and platforms. The component of CO concentration is the main elements of indoor air quality evaluation. The total concentrations and average concentrations of CO were the higher at the Somyon station. The distribution of CO concentrations at each station, generally was higher at gate than ticket gates and platforms. The I/O ratios(I-platforms, 0-gates) were expressed highly than 1 at the Yonsan-dong station, Busan station, Nampo-dong station and were lower than 1 at the others.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2007

To investigate the coastal forest structure and its ecological characteristics in Busan, four typical sites, Taejongdae, Molundae, Amnam Park, and Igidae, were selected and surveyed. These sites are famous coastal areas in Busan. According to the analysis of vegetation structure, Pinus thunbergii was a dominant species at the canopy layer in all sites. But at the understory layer, Eurya japonica in Taejongdae and Molundae, Ficus erecta in Igidae and Eurya japonica and Prunus sargentii in Amnam Park were dominant species.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2018

Studies on suspected endocrine disrupting pesticide (EDP) residues in agricultural products were carried out in 2016 in Busan, Korea. Twelve different EDPs, ranging in concentration between 0.003-2.049 mg/kg, were detected in 19.5% of 462 samples. About 0.2% of agricultural product samples exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Risk indices of all of the EDPs were less than 10% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI). The outcomes indicated that the risk groups at highest risk of exposure to diazinon (found in Korean cabbages) and carbendazim (found in apples) were females aged 40 to 49 and young males less than 10 years old, respectively. Based on the stochastic assessment at $95^{th}$ percentile (P95), risk index in these risk groups accounted for 8.38 and 2.98% of ADIs. The results showed that the occurrence of EDP residues in agricultural products could not be considered a public health problem.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.67-78
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• 2000

Busan is an underdeveloped region in food culture, though it has geographically convenient conditions of location to make good use of marine products from the sea and the river, a variety of grain and vegetables, and forest products. Thus, in this research, I studied the traditional and local native foods of Busan, focusing on there origins and the backgrounds of their development. There are many traditional and local native foods in Busan, Pajun, Macguli, Jaechupguk, Gupoguksoo and etc. For the development of food culture of Busan, We will keep researching its traditional and local native foods and try to form a new pattern of food culture, making the adventage of an international trading city.