• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.325-332
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• 2017

Purpose: The study investigated the quality characteristics of cookies prepared 0, 10, 20 and 30% burdock (Arctium lappa L.) powder. Methods: Cookies were manufactured with 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% wheat flour substituted for burdock powder. Results: Density of the dough showed no significant differences with increasing amount of burdock powder, whereas pH of the dough decreased with increasing burdock powder content. The pH of cookies decreased with increasing burdock powder content, whereas $^{\circ}brix$ of cookies increased with burdock powder content. The moisture contents of cookies increased with increasing burdock powder content. The spreadability of cookies decreased with increasing burdock powder content. The L-value of cookies decreased, a-value increased, and b-value decreased with increasing burdock powder content. The hardness of cookies decreased with increasing burdock powder content. Total polyphenol contents and DPPH radical scavenging activity increased with increasing burdock powder content (p<0.05). In the sensory evaluation, appearance, color, flavor, and texture were highest in the control group, whereas sweet taste and savory taste were highest in the added group. For overall acceptance of cookies, 10% burdock powder cookies showed higher values than the control and other samples. Conclusion: Results suggest that cookies manufactured with 10% burdock powder are the most optimal product.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2014

본 연구는 우엉을 쌀에 적용하여 건강에 유용한 영양과 기능성을 효과적으로 섭취할 수 있도록 우엉 첨가 죽을 제조하여 기계적 특성검사 및 관능검사를 하였다. 그 결과로 수분은 생 우엉 첨가죽의 경우 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 함께 증가하였고, 우엉가루 첨가 죽은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 색도는 두 그룹모두 첨가량이 증가 할수록 명도는 낮아졌고, 적색도와 황색도는 증가하였으며, pH역시 두 그룹모두 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 당도는 생 우엉 첨가죽의 경우 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였고, 우엉가루 첨가 죽은 증가 하였다. 퍼짐성은 생 우엉 죽은 첨가량이 많을수록 증가하였고, 우엉가루 첨가 죽은 감소하였다. 특성차이검사에서는 생 우엉 4.0% 군이 우엉의 향(5.20), 떫은맛(4.90)에서 가장 강하게 나타났고, 우엉가루 1.2% 군은 색의 강도(6.45), 입자감(5.85), 구수한 맛(5.05), 떫은맛(4.90), 농도(6.00), 뒷맛(5.85)에서 가장 강한 값을 보였다. 기호도 검사에서는 우엉가루 0.6% 군이 외관(5.62), 향(5.68), 맛(5.70), 질감(5.62)에서 높이 평가 되었으나 전체적기호도에서는 생 우엉 3.0% (5.76)군이 가장 높이 평가 되었고 우엉가루 첨가 죽에서는 우엉가루 0.6% (5.73)군이 높게 평가되었다. 이상의 연구 결과 생 우엉은 3%, 우엉가루는 0.6%를 첨가했을 때 관능 및 기계적 품질특성의 향상이 가능한 적절한 첨가수준으로, 전체적기호도에 긍정적 영향을 미친다고 생각된다. 값싸고 영양적으로 우수한 우엉을 쌀에 적용하여 주식으로의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2016

This study investigated the quality characteristics of burdock glutinous rice dasik prepared with different contents of freezedried burdock powder (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12%) and roasted glutinous rice. The moisture contents of burdock glutinous rice dasik significantly increased as the amount of burdock powder increased(p<0.001). The L-value, a-value and b-value of burdock glutinous rice dasik were lower than those of the control group. The sugar content of glutinous rice dasik added with 6% or more burdock powder was higher than that of the control group. The hardness and adhesiveness significantly increased as the amount of burdock powder increased. The DPPH free radical scavenging activities of burdock glutinous rice dasik added with 9% and 12% burdock powder was higher than that of the control group. In the sensory evaluation, the burdock glutinous rice dasik added with 6% burdock powder was highly preferred, and was thus as the optimal mixing ratio for texture and sensory characteristics.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.425-433
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• 2023

We determined physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of cookies prepared by replacing wheat flour with 0, 3, 6, and 9% freeze-dried burdock powder instead of wheat flour. The leavening and loss rates of the cookies decreased in proportion to the amount of burdock powder added to the dough. The moisture content of the cookies increased in proportion to the amount of burdock powder added and the crude protein and hardness were higher in the burdock-added group compared to the control. The lightness and yellowness of the cookies decreased, and the redness increased in proportion to the amount of burdock powder added. The total flavonoid and polyphenol compounds in the cookies increased in proportion to the amounts of burdock powder added. The antioxidant activities also tended to increase in proportion to the amount of burdock powder added. Based on the above results, adding burdock powder to cookies can increase antioxidant activity by increasing the content of antioxidant components, such as polyphenols and flavonoids. In addition, it is believed that adding burdock powder at levels of 3 to 9% of the weight of flour would result in cookies with spreadability, swelling power, and hardness similar to those of regular cookies.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2016

본 연구는 우엉가루의 첨가량(3%, 6%, 9%, 12%)을 달리하여 우엉찹쌀다식을 제조하고, 품질 특성을 분석하여 우엉찹쌀다식에 적합한 우엉가루의 비율을 알아보고자 하였다. 우엉찹쌀다식의 수분함량은 우엉가루 무첨가군인 대조군에 비해 우엉가루 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다(p<0.001). L값, a값, b값은 대조군에서 가장 높았으며 우엉가루 첨가군에서 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 우엉찹쌀다식의 당도는 우엉가루 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.001). 우엉찹쌀다식의 경도와 부착성은 우엉가루 6% 첨가군까지는 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, 우엉가루 9% 첨가 이상에서는 대조군보다 높게 나타났다. 반면, 응집성, 탄력성, 점착성, 씹힘성 등은 우엉가루 첨가군이 대조군에 비해 높게 나타났다. 라디칼 소거 활성은 우엉가루 9% 이상 첨가군에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.001). 관능 평가 결과, 우엉가루 3%, 6% 첨가군이 우엉을 첨가 하지 않은 대조군에 비해 모든 관능 평가에서 높은 기호도를 나타내었으며, 우엉가루 9%, 12% 첨가군에서는 오히려 대조군보다 유의적으로 낮은 기호도를 보였다(p<0.001). 위의 결과들을 종합해 볼 때 우엉찹쌀다식 제조 시 가장 적합한 우엉가루 비율은 6%까지 첨가하는 것이 가장 바람직하다고 사료된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.351-359
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• 2016

Background: We investigated the optimal aqueous extraction conditions for recovery of high yields of total phenolic compounds from roots of Arctium lappa L. (burdock, Asteraceae), and we compared their antioxidant capacity. Methods and Results: The antioxidant activity of the extracts was tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)-diammonium salt, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays. In addition, the major phenolic compounds present in the extracts were determined by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Our results suggest that the roasted burdock $100^{\circ}C$, 15 min extract exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity and possessed the highest concentration of phenolic compounds. The polyphenol content of both dried burdock and roasted burdock significantly increased with increase in the extraction temperature and time. Conclusions: These results indicated a relationship between phenolic compound levels in burdock and their free radical scavenging activities. This suggests that phenolic compounds significantly increase the antioxidant potential of burdock extracts.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.575-585
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• 2010

This study was performed to determine the optimal composition of a muffin administered dried burdock powder and oligosaccharide. The experiment was designed base on CCD (Central Composite Design), and evaluation was carried out by means of RSM (Response Surface Methodology), which included 10 experimental points with 3 replicates for the two independent variables burdock powder and oligosaccharide. The experimental muffin was made according to a traditional recipe, except that the flour was partially replaced with dried burdock powder (5%, 15%, 25%) and the sugar was partially replaced with oligosaccharide (25%, 50%, 75%). The compositional and functional properties of the prepared products were measured, and these values were applied to the mathematical models. Using the F-test, volume, height, pH, yellowness, chewiness, resilience, springiness, cohesiveness, taste, and overall quality were expressed as a linear model, whereas lightness, redness, adhesiveness, color, flavor, and overall quality were expressed as a quadratic model. The polynomial models developed by RSM for sensory evaluation, color, flavor, texture, taste, and overall quality were highly effective in describing the relationships between the factors (p<0.01). The estimated response surfaces confirmed that the amount of burdock powder had significant effects on color, taste, texture, flavor, and overall quality (p<0.01), whereas and the amount of oligosaccharide had significant effects on color and texture (p<0.01). Increased amount of burdock powder led to reductions of the sensory scores for color, taste, texture, flavor, and overall quality at all oligosaccharide levels. The optimal mixing percentage of burdock powder and oligosaccharide muffin were determined to be 5.00% and 46.25%, respectively.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.220-228
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• 2018

This study investigated the chemical composition of burdock (Arctium lappa L.) leaves essential oil, and the quantitative changes of the major terpene compounds according to the specific harvesting season. The essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation extraction (HDE) method from the aerial parts of the burdock leaves were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil composition of this plant was characterized by the higher content of phytol and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone. Seventy seven (98.28%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil from the burdock leaves harvested during the spring season of 2012, and phytol (33.47%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (32.47%) were the most abundant compounds. Eighty eight (99.08%) compounds were identified in the essential oil from the leaves harvested during the autumn season of 2012, and in this case, phytol (37.35%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (34.67%) were also the most abundant compounds. These two volatile components were confirmed as the major oil components of the burdock leaves during the time of any harvest. The ratio between the two components contained in the burdock essential oils did not differ significantly by harvesting season. But overall, the essential oil harvested during the spring season contained 65.94% of the two major components, while for the essential oil harvested during the autumn season, the total amount of these two major components was 72.02%. While the main ingredients of the essential oils were found to be unchanged from one harvest time to the next, it was found to differ in content. For the burdock leaves, the quality index of the volatile constituents according to the harvest time would be more useful for utilizing the total quantity other than the proportion between phytol and 6,10,4-trimethyl-2-pentadecone.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 1993

This experiment was carried out to determine the total dietary fiber content and free sugar, fatty acid, amino acid compositions in bamboo shoot, lotus root and burdock. Bamboo shoot contained 3.05% of proteins, 0.48% of lipids, 2.45% of fibers, which were larger than those of other samples (lotus root and burdock). Burdock contained more sugars than the others as 18.64%. On a dry matter basis, total dietary fiber by Prosky AOAC method were 62.5% for bamboo shoot, 17.9% for lotus root and 41.9% for burdock. Therefore, the content of dietary fiber in bamboo shoot was the most abundant among them. Free sugar contents (glucose, fructose and sucrose) of the sample were analyzed by HPLC. Sucrose was the most abundant in both bamboo shoot and lotus root, and the content of fructose and sucrose in burdock were almost same. The major fatty acids in bamboo shoot, lotus root and burdock analyzed by GC were palmitic and linoleic acid. Also, linolenic acid were abundent only in bamboo shoot. The results of amino acid analysis showed that aspartic acid, glutamic acid and Iysine were the most abundent amino acids in the sample. Bamboo shoot contained large percentage of protein, the sweet-tasting amino acids and lipid than the other samples. Therefore bamboo shoot can be used as a flavor material because they contain plenty of the sweet-lasting amino acid and free sugar. Bamboo shoot and burdock can be used as potential source of dietary fiber because of the high content of dietary fiber in those samples.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2017

The major trend in the antioxidant market is the growing consumer demand for natural antioxidants. Tea, one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, is an easy way to obtain antioxidant components from a natural source. Our objective was to develop burdock root tea (BRT) with potent antioxidant activity and good color quality. In order to obtain maximum antioxidant activity and quality, the effect of roasting was determined. The antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents of BRT increased as roasting increased. The color of BRT became darker with increased roasting, extraction time, and amount of burdock roots. Color of BRT was also positively correlated with total antioxidant capacity. Roasting significantly enhanced the total antioxidant activities and color quality of BRT. These results suggest that roasting BRT increases beneficial antioxidant components from burdock roots.