• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2005

Recently, the interest on anatomical ACL reconstruction with double bundle technique is increased to reproduce the original load distribution, and kinematics of the knee. We developed an arthroscopic double bundle ACL reconstruction technique using autogenous quadriceps tendon with 2 splitted graft and patellar bone plug. The anteromedial bundle and posteolateral bundle of the ACL is replicated with each splitted graft of quadriceps tendon and fixed with biodegradable interference screw on the 2 femoral tunnels. The patellar bone plug of quadriceps tendon is fixed with biodegradable interference screw within the 1 tibial tunnel. We suggest that our technique using quadriceps tendon may be an alternative in arthroscopic double bundle ACL reconstruction.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.283-291
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• 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to perform histomorphometric evaluations of the bone surrounding orthodontic miniscrews according to their proximity to the adjacent tooth roots in the posterior mandible of beagle dogs. Methods: Four male beagle dogs were used for this study. Six orthodontic miniscrews were placed in the interradicular spaces in the posterior mandible of each dog (n = 24). The implanted miniscrews were classified into no loading, immediate loading, and delayed loading groups according to the loading time. At 6 weeks after screw placement, the animals were sacrificed, and tissue blocks including the miniscrews were harvested for histological examinations. After analysis of the histological sections, the miniscrews were categorized into three additional groups according to the root proximity: high root proximity, low root proximity, and safe distance groups. Differences in the bone-implant contact (BIC, %) among the root proximity groups and loading time groups were determined using statistical analyses. Results: No BIC was observed within the bundle bone invaded by the miniscrew threads. Narrowing of the periodontal ligament space was observed in cases where the miniscrew threads touched the bundle bone. BIC (%) was significantly lower in the high root proximity group than in the low root proximity and safe distance groups. However, BIC (%) showed no significant differences among the loading time groups. Conclusions: Regardless of the loading time, the stability of an orthodontic miniscrew is decreased if it is in contact with the bundle bone as well as the adjacent tooth root.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.157-170
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• 1993

To prove the effct of semi-rigid fixation which utilize wire and rigid fixation which utilizes miniplate toward cranio-facial growth and development of growing children for teenagers, 28 rabbits-6 weeks, about 1.5kg-were experimented. They were classified three groups the semi-rigid group was 12 rabbits which were fixed with 26 gauge stainless steel wire to cross a fronto-nasal suture, the rigid group was the other 12 rabbits which were fixed with miniplate and screw, the control group was 4 rabbits which were get rid of only periosteum. The sample of fronto-nasal of rabbits which were sacrified after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks of the operation were investigated and made a comparative study with the light microscops. 1. At the control group, the central part of bony suture was connected with colagen bundle, the osteoblastic layer was investigated at the bony ending, new bone which covered the inside and outside faces of the bone suture was formed between periosteum. 2. Two weeks later from the experiment, ran slightly irregularly the collagen bundle which connects both bony endings of the rigid group. 3. Four weeks later from the experiment, collagen bundle of bone surface were arranged parally a little and comparing to the semi-rigid group, newly formed woven bone of surface of the adjacent bone was made obviously a little. 4. Eight weeks later from the experiment, collagen bundle which is located between both bony ending become close. Both the semi-rigid group and the rigid group showed significant formation of new bone at the periosteum and the bone surface. 12 weeks later from the experiment, both the semi-rigid group and the rigid group showed the regular running in the collagen bundle and smooth, dense periosteum. Then they assumed a similar aspect of the control group. I think that it does not give the influence to the cranio-facial growth of children or teenager to utilize a rigid fixation for a short period. Because as the time goes on, the surface of the bone suture was recovered and adjacent bone surface of the miniplate fixation showed compensatory growth, although both the semi-rigid group which utilized wire and rigid group which utilized a miniplate brought about the change of the area of the bone suture at the early period.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

Considerable progress on anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery has been made over the past 20 years, and the results have improved significantly. An anatomical understanding of the anterior cruciate ligament has also changed, and the surgical technique has also changed accordingly. The double-bundle concept is still valid, but the ribbon-shaped anterior cruciate ligament concept, including direct fiber and indirect fiber, is gradually replacing it. The isometry point theory no longer exists, and various surgical methods, such as single-bundle anatomical reconstruction, double-bundle reconstruction, remnant preservation, and rectangular tunnel technique, are being performed. Regarding the graft, interest in the bone-patellar tendon-bone, patellar tendon, quadriceps tendon, and allogeneic tendon change over time, and this change is ongoing.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 1997

The most critical factor in determining which type of implant to be used would be the available bone of the patient. Usually a minimum of 5mm in the bone width and 8mm in the bone height is necessary to ensure primary implant stability and maintain the integrity of bone contact surface. Placement of implant is limited by the several anatomic strutures such as maxillary sinus, floor of the nose, inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle and nasopalatine foramen, etc. When severe resorption of alveolar ridge is encountered, implant placement would be a problematic procedure. A number of techniques to improve the poor anatomic situations have been proposed. This article reports 4 cases of patients using surgical procedures such as blade implant technique, cortical split technique in the anterior maxillary area, sinus lifting and lateral repositioning of inferior alveolar nerve, We treated dental implant candidates with unfavorable alveolar ridge utilizing various surgical techniques, resulted in successful rehabilitation of edentulous ridge.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.160-166
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of the stress distribution within the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) double bundles in response to an anterior tibial load and rotatory load at $45^{\circ}$ flexed knee model by use of a 3-dimensional finite element analysis (FEM). Materials and Methods: The $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$ flexed 3-D knee model were reconstructed based on the high resolution computed tomography (CT) images from the right knee of a healthy male subject. To simulate double bundle ACL reconstruction, in $0^{\circ}$ analytic model, four 7 mm diameter tunnels were created at the center of each anteromedial (AM) and posterolateral (PL) footprints on the femur and tibia. The grafts were inserted into the corresponding bone tunnels and then reconstructed knee model was flexed to $45^{\circ}$. As a next step, the 5 mm anterior tibial load and internal rotational load of $10^{\circ}$ were applied on the final Computer aided design (CAD) model. And then stress patterns of each bundle were assessed using a finite element analysis. Results: In response to the 5 mm of anterior tibial load, the AM bundle showed increased stresses around the tibial and femoral attachment sites; especially in the anterior aspect of the bundle. In the PL bundle, the highest stress concentration was also noticed on the anterior aspect of the bundle. Under $10^{\circ}$ internal rotational load, the stress concentration was predominant around the anterior aspect of the tibial attachment site within the AM bundle. The PL bundle also showed highest stress concentration on the anterior aspect of the bundle. Conclusion: Although the stress patterns were not identical among the AM and PL bundle, there were common trends in the stress distribution. The stress concentration was predominant on the anterior aspect of both bundles in response to the anterior tibial load and rotatory load.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.6 s.107
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• pp.506-513
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• 2004

Osteoclast action is necessary for alveolar bone remodeling in orthodontic tooth movement. The nervous system has also been reported to be associated with bone remodeling. This study was aimed to investigate the changes of osteoclasts in the periodontal ligament (PDL) space after surgical resection of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). Experimental rats were divided into young and adult groups. A surgical resection procedure of the IAN was carried out in the left side of the mandible and a sham operation in the right side of the mandible. The number of osteoclasts on the bundle bone surface and the resorption activity of the osteoclasts were histomorphometrically measured. The changes in distribution of substance P (SP) immunoreactive (IR) nerve fiber were evaluated in the PDL and pulp. SP-IR nerve fiber was depleted in both the PDL and pulp of the IAN resection side in both groups, which confirmed the resection of IAN to be successfully conducted. The number of osteoclasts in the IAN resection side was significantly reduced in both the young and adult groups (p<0.01 and p<0.05), whereas the resorption activity of osteoclasts did not show any significant difference between the IAN resection side and the sham operation side in both groups (p>0.05 and p<0.05). The adult group showed that the number of osteoclasts reduced significantly (p<0.01) and the resorption activity didn't change in comparison with the young group (p>0.05). These results suggest that surgical resection of the IAN and aging reduce the population of the recruited osteoclasts within the PDL, but don't affect on the osteoclastic resorption activity.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.43
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• pp.305-328
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• 2011

This study examines a study of communication factor in the Chinese augury bone, as a communication text, a communication history text and a communication thought text, in terms of sender message channel audience effects, interdisciplinary research. In many respects, it is generally accepted that the Chinese augury bone have been the generic references of the Oriental culture. Based on various research results about The Chinese augury boney as a communication text, this paper explores factors of communication text related with meta-communication as the definition of communication and a structure of communication, a method of communication. The Chinese augury bone consider graphic element as communication tool, its manager as sender or communicator, the record as message, the bone as channel, its reader as audience, text understanding and behavior as effects, the augury bone producer as journalist, the tying bone in a bundle as old style book. In the Chinese augury bone, one property of communication thought is that the political ideology, which is related to the strong and weak of the graphic style and determines the naming method of kings.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.195-199
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• 2002

This article is to report a new technique for reconstruction of the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of anterior cruciate ligament by separate tensioning and fixation of the each bundle. Method : Tibial and femoral tunnels were made with conventional technique of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Tibial tunnel was enlarged $5\~7$ mm in anterior-posterior direction to make oval it in cross section. When preparing the Achilles tendon allograft, bone plug portion was trimmed as the conventional technique. The tendinous portion was trimmed as two separate bundles by dividing the tendinous portion longitudinally, so the graft is shaped like 'Y'. The bone plug portion of allograft was inserted into the femoral tunnel and fixed with absorbable cross pins. Two ligamentous portionss of the distal part of the grafts were tensioned separately at the external orifice. Anteromedial bundle was fastened under maximum tension with the knee flexed 90 degrees by post-tie method. The posterolateral bundle was fixed by the same technique with the knee in full extension. Then, an absorbable interference screw was inserted between the two bundles upto the upper end of the tibial tunnel, to get more initial rigidity of the reconstructed graft as well as to locate the two bundles in more anatomic position.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.193-196
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• 2005

A posterior 3-portal arthroscopic approach with the patient in the prone position provides a novel and optimal approach for isolated subtalar arthrodesis. This approach facilitates access to the posterior talocalcaneal facet and facilitates safe access with regard to the posteromedial neuromuscular bundle. The technique involves prone positioning, establishment of two posterolateral portals and one posteromedial portal, arthroscopic posterior talocalcaneal facet debridement, percutaneous morcellized bone grafting and internal screw fixation. Preliminary results have shown high patient satisfaction, an excellent fusion rate and less postoperative morbidity than open subtalar arthrodesis.