• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2010

It is a frequent occurrence in urban traffic - a low-speed collision in which one vehicle hits the back of another. The vehicles often sustain expensive damage. Bumpers can reduce this damage, but only line up so the initial contact in an impact is bumper to bumper. Then the bumpers on the colliding vehicles have to absorb the crash energy, keeping damage away from expensive sheet metal, lights, and other components. In real world accidents, Bumper mismatches in crashes are increasing, and the resulting repair costs from low-speed collisions are escalating. In this study, we investigated the bumper rail height and analyzed their effects on repair cost. Futhermore, Our 16kph front-into-rear crash tests demonstrates bumper mismatch problem.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.26-27
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• 2019

선박 경계영역 이론에 의한 선박 사이의 실시간 범퍼면적을 갖는 타원형 범퍼가 서로 접하는 순간을 계산하기 위한 연구이다. 실시간 타원형 범퍼가 겹치는 순간을 인지하여 관제사들이 선박의 충돌위기를 느끼는 인지 위험 평가에 중요한 도구로 사용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 선박 사이의 충돌위기를 사전에 느끼는 선박 범퍼의 접촉을 컴퓨터 프로그램을 이용하여 다양한 각도에서 충돌위기를 미리 인지하여 선박 관제에 도움을 주기 위한 연구이다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2002

Bumpers are structural components to reduce physical damage to the front and rear ends of a passenger motor vehicle from low speed collisions. Damage assessment and the protectiveness are the commonly used designing criteria but in this study, relative displacements of the bumper are examined. To absorb the crash energy without significant damage to the bumper itself, foam material is installed between fascia and beam. However, it is not easy to predict the exact displacements generated in bumper structures through FEM because the compressive stress-strain curve of a foam material depends on strain rates that deviates significantly on each trial. Under this uncertain condition, a range of displacements is calculated and the optimum design is performed using the design of experiments. The result will be used to find the design that minimizes the weight within displacement constraints. The orthogonal array of L9 is introduced to find the optimum of the design variables that considers the thickness of inner beam, outer beam and stay, This study will suggest the design procedure of a front bumper using the uncertain stress-strain curve of a foam material.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 저속충돌에서 승용차량의 범퍼체결구조를 분석하기 위한 것이다. 차량의 손상성-수리성 향상 연구를 위해 범퍼체결구조가 서로 상이한 3개 차종에 대해 RCAR(세계자동차 수리기술위원회)의 저속충돌시험(전,후면 40% 오프셋 충돌시험) 기준을 적용하였다. 시험결과 충격흡수능력은 직사각형 단면형상을 가지고 그 부분이 범퍼레일에 삽입되는 크래시박스식의 범퍼스테이가 대부분의 차량에 적용되고 있는 다른 두 유형의 범퍼체결구조에 비해 우수하게 나타났다. 우수하게 설계된 직사각형 단면형상을 가지는 범퍼체결구조가 저속충돌사고 시 차량의 손상성-수리성을 향상시킴으로써 승객의 안전성도 강화시킬뿐만 아니라 수리비 절감에도 기여할 수 있다는 것이 본 연구에서 입증되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1122-1127
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• 2011

자동차 범퍼는 충돌 시 차량 충격 에너지를 흡수하여 차체를 보호하는 중요한 부품이다. 따라서 자동차 범퍼 설계의 초기 단계에서 범퍼 충돌 성능을 만족하는 범퍼 빔의 단면을 결정하는 것은 매우 중요한 요구 조건이다. 본 논문에서는 고정벽 충돌 대응용 자동차 범퍼 빔의 최적 단면 계산을 위하여 중간매개반응표면모델을 사용하였다. 자동차 범퍼 충돌 해석의 결과로 나오는 비선형성이 강한 충격력 대 범퍼 빔의 변위 결과 그래프를 중간매개반응표면모델을 사용하여 정도가 확보된 근사화된 그래프를 만들어서 범퍼 충돌 시의 범퍼 빔의 변형 결과를 구하게 된다. 본 연구의 방법을 이용하면 3차원 비선형 유한요소해석에서 요구되어지는 방대한 해석 시간을 획기적으로 줄일 수 있게 된다. 본 중간매개반응표면모델을 이용한 범퍼 빔의 변형 결과는 3차원 유한요소해석 결과와 비교하여 그 결과 정도의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2017

In the present study, the low speed (4 km/h) crash behaviour of an aluminium bumper system was characterised by FE analyses based on the FMVSS 581, which regulates automotive bumpers. Two types of cross-sectional designs, i.e., Model 1, which contains a single rib and Model 2, double ribs, have been considered along with Al7021, 6082 and 6060 for the aluminium bumper back beam. Variations in thickness starting from 2 to 4 mm of the bumper system cross-section in the FE model was implemented in order to investigate the thickness effect on the bumper's crash behaviour.. Three kinds of design variables, namely, number of ribs, material and thickness, are considered. The FE analysis results are summarised with the maximum load and the Specific Energy Absorption (SEA) since they are the key factors in determining the crashworthiness of automotive structures. The results may also be able to indicate how to achieve lightweight structure of the automotive bumper system either directly or indirectly.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

Increasing the fuel economy has been an inevitable issue for the development of new cars, and one of the important measures to improve the fuel economy is to decrease the vehicle weight. In order to obtain this goal, the researches about lighter, stronger and the well impact absorbing bumper impact beam have been studied without sacrificing bumper safety. In this study, the overall weight reduction possibility of rear bumper impact beam could be examined based on the variation of frontal, offset and corner impact crash capability by substituting a ultra high strength steel material (boron steel ) having tensile strength of 1.5 GPa grade instead of conventional steels. In addition, the section variations (open section, closed section, open section with 5 stays) of the bumper impact beam structure were examined carefully. It could be reached that this analysis could be well established and be contributed for design guide and the optimum design conditions of the automotive rear bumper impact beam development.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2015

Since 2007, Insurance Institute of Highway Safety(IIHS) has conducted the new bumper test using bumper barrier to estimate the repair cost of impacted vehicle. In this study, for the front body FE model of a medium size passenger car analyzes were carried out to optimize the shape of backbeam center reinforcement bracket. First, overlap effect was examined with changing the overlap magnitude and spot welds were added along the backbeam center line for reducing the section shear deformation. Next, for an overlap model design parameter study was performed for the bracket. Thickness effect was examined and an inner reinforcement was added to the bracket. Also, the lower part of bracket was deleted and additionally the bracket length was extended. The results were discussed in terms of backbeam backward deflection, barrier backstop intrusion and weight. Compared with the current design, the final model showed 44.1% bracket weight reduction with 30.0% decrease of backbeam deflection.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2003

The back beam for a automotive bumper was roll formed to improve performance, reduce weight and save cost. For the back beams produced by conventional stamping and roll forming, the crashworthiness analyses were carried out by numerical simulation and real impact test. The characteristic properties and applicability of the roll formed back beam are discussed from the results of the analyses.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.561-566
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• 2000

Recently, the hydroforming technology has been recognized as a general technique in manufacturing industry, especially in automotive industry. Hydroforming is applied to increase strength, and to decrease weight, cost and parts. Hydroforming is based on the inflation of, for Instance, a tube, coupled with axial or radial compression and by subsequent expansion and sizing against the die wall. Expansion, axial feeding, calibration are important parameters in this process. In this paper, the effects of various parameters such as internal pressure, axial feeding and friction on hydroforming of automotive bumper rail have been considered.