• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2006

GNSS Services and Applications are today in permanent evolution in all the market sectors. This evolution comprises: ${\bullet}$ New constellations and systems, being GALILEO probably the most relevant example, but not the only one, as other regions of the world also dwell into developing their own elements (e.g. the Chinese Beidou system). ${\bullet}$ Modernisation of existing systems, as is the case of GPS and GLONASS ${\bullet}$ New Augmentation services, WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GRAS, GAGAN, and many initiatives from other regions of the world ${\bullet}$ Safety of Life services based on the provision of integrity and reliability of the navigation solutions through SBAS and GBAS systems, for aeronautical or maritime applications ${\bullet}$ New Professional applications, based on the unprecedented accuracies and integrity of the positioning and timing solutions of the new navigation systems with examples in science (geodesy, geophysics), Civil engineering (surveying, construction works), Transportation (fleet management, road tolling) and many others. ${\bullet}$ New Mass-market applications based on cheap and simple GNSS receivers providing accurate (meterlevel) solutions for daily personal navigation and information needs. Being on top of this evolving market requires an active participation on the key elements that drive the GNSS development. Early access to the new GNSS signals and services and appropriate testing facilities are critical to be able to reach a good market position in time before the next evolution, and this is usually accessible only to the large system developers as the US, Europe or Japan. Jumping into this league of GNSS developers requires a large investment and a significant development of technology, which may not be at range for all regions of the world. Bearing in mind this situation, MAGIC appears as a concept initiated by a small region within Europe with the purpose of fostering and supporting the development of advanced applications for the new services that can be enabled by the advent of SBAS systems and GALILEO. MAGIC is a low cost platform based on the application of technology developed within the EGNOS project (the SBAS system in Europe), which encompasses the capacity of providing real time EGNOS and, in the near future, GALILEO-like integrity services. MAGIC is designed to be a testing platform for safety of life and liability critical applications, as well as a provider of operational services for the transport or professional sectors in its region of application. This paper will present in detail the MAGIC concept, the status of development of the system within the Madrid region in Spain, the results of the first on-field demonstrations and the immediate plans for deployment and expansion into a complete SBAS+GALILEO regional augmentation system.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.211-231
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• 2002

This paper summarizes the results of a study that assess how a demand side management (DSM) system addresses key economic and environmental challenges facing in the Korean natural gas sector considering; ${\bullet}$ high discrepancies of seasonal consumption volume and of load factor in unmatured domestic LNG market, ${\bullet}$ unfavorable and volatile international LNG market, imposing with the contestable "take-or-pay" contract terms, ${\bullet}$ low profile of LNG and existence of market barriers against an optimal fuel mix status in the industrial energy sector. A particular focus of this study is to establish an 'extended' DSM system in the unmatured gas market, especially in industry sector, that could play a key role to assure an optimum fuel mix scheme. Under the concept of 'extended' DSM, a system dynamics modeling approach has been introduced to explore the option to maximize economic benefits in terms of the national energy system optimization, entailing different ways of commitments accounting for different DSM measures and time delay scenarios. The study concludes that policy options exist that can reduce inefficiencies in gas industry and end-use system at no net costs to national economy. The most scenarios find that, by the year 2015, it is possible to develop a substantial potential of increased industrial gas end-uses under more reliable and stable load patterns. Assessment of sensitivity analysis suggests that time delay factor, in formulating DSM scenarios, plays a key role to overcome various market barriers in domestic LNG market and provides a strong justification for the policy portfolios 'just in time' (time accurateness), which eventually contribute to establish an optimum fuel mix strategy. The study indicates also the needs of advanced studies based on SD approach to articulate uncertainty in unmatured energy market analysis, including gas.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2009

본 연구는 게임 물리 엔진을 실시간 물리 기술의 관점으로 고찰한다. 실시간 물리 기술이란 물리 시뮬레이션 기술을 게임에 적용하기 위해서 간략화 하는 기술을 말한다. 조사 대상으로 상용 물리 엔진인 Havok Physics SDK와 NVIDIA PhysX SDK를 선택하였고, 오픈 소스기반 물리 엔진인 ODE와 Bullet을 선택하였다. 그 결과 물리 엔진은 강체 역학, 변형체 시뮬레이션, 유체 시뮬레이션을 구현하고 있었고, 실시간 시뮬레이션을 위해서 수식의 간략화, 충돌 처리의 효율성 재고 등 소프트웨어 측면의 기술과 멀티 코어 CPU의 이용, PPU, GPU 활용 등 병렬처리 하드웨어 기술을 사용하고 있었다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.148-157
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• 2017

Miniature guided-bullet is an advanced military technology of developing guided missile which is designed to hit a target precisely while having easily carriable miniature size. A key issue of developing such system involves size reduction of the original guided missile system, and this in turn arouses stiffness issue regarding small and thin sized control surface. In this study, procedures on how to calculate the critical flutter speed of special type of control surface with the change of its dimension or material property is arranged. During this procedure, design parameters related to critical flutter speed are abridged to help preliminary design of similar structure even faster than time-consuming, and cumbersome computer analysis.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2017

In order to reduce the number of casualties by improving the survivability of the combat vehicle, the vulnerability analysis of the combat vehicle is needed. However, the actual test for the vulnerability analysis requires large experimental space and expensive equipment costs long time and large expense. It is needed to develop a new method that can replace the actual test. In the paper, we suggested a new approach to analyzing the vulnerability using the M&S method instead of the actual test. To analyze the vulnerability, the shot line analysis is performed to find out which part is penetrated by the bullet. The component of the parts is simplified to "Single-Target", "Double-Target", "Air gapped-Target" and can be performed the penetration analysis using the ANSYS Explicit Dynamics. The penetration depth and the residual velocity of the bullet are calculated by analyzing penetration of each part of the combat vehicle. The penetration data calculated the penetration analysis can be used to define the damage level of the combat vehicle. The purpose of this paper is to collect penetration data for various targets and bullets. And "7.62mmAP" is used as the bullet, "7075-T6" is used as a target.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.252-260
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• 2023

A bullet launcher can be developed as a smart instrument, especially for use in the military section, that can track, identify, detect, mark, lock, and shoot a target by implementing an image-processing system. In this research, the application of object recognition system, laser encoding as a unique marker, 2-dimensional movement, and pneumatic as a shooter has been studied intensively. The results showed that object recognition system could detect various colors, patterns, sizes, and laser blinking. Measuring the average error value of the object distance by using the camera is ±4, ±5, and ±6% for circle, square and triangle form respectively. Meanwhile, the average accuracy of shots on objects is 95.24% and 85.71% in indoor and outdoor conditions respectively. Here, the average prototype response time is 1.11 s. Moreover, the highest accuracy rate of shooting results at 50 cm was obtained 98.32%.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제4권11호
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• pp.361-368
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• 2015

대공화기사격통제장치에서 유효사거리는 정지한 표적에 대해 충분한 파괴력을 가질 수 있도록 탄속이 음속 이상을 유지하는 거리로 정의되고 있다. 접근하는 표적은 탄과 표적 간 상대속도가 증가하므로 실질적인 교전 사거리는 위의 유효사거리보다 더욱 연장된다. 그러나 기존에 제시된 TOF 계산식은 유효사거리 내에서만 정확하고 유효사거리를 벗어나면 정확하지 못하다. 본 논문은 교전사거리를 보장할 수 있도록 유효사거리 내에서와 유효사거리 밖에서도 충분한 정확도를 가진 실시간 처리가 가능한 탄자비행시간 계산 기법을 제시한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 30미리 대공 탄에 대한 본 논문의 유용성을 보인다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37C권9호
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• pp.757-762
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• 2012

일반적으로 보통의 카메라는 초당 24 프레임을 갖는다. 이런 카메라를 가지고는 초당 1000m에 가까운 스피드를 가지는 총알을 촬영하기 어렵다. 하지만 볼록거울을 사용하면 스테레오그래픽 투영방법에 의해 긴 길이를 짧은 화면에 담을 수 있다. 대부분 고속 물체를 촬영하기 위해서는 초당 프레임이 보통 카메라의 몇 배에 달하는 카메라를 사용하거나 전자장비를 사용하여 여러 개의 카메라를 매우 작은 시간차를 두고 촬영하는 방법을 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 보통의 카메라와 볼록거울을 사용하여 야간 사격훈련용 예광탄 탄도 모니터링 시스템을 제안하며 250m 사격장에서 표적에 명중한지 아니한지 발견 가능함을 보였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.897-904
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• 2012

강선설계문제는 실수형 설계변수인 형상변수와 정수형 설계변수인 강선의 개수로 이루어져 있다. 또한, 탄이 강선의 통과하는 거동을 표현하기 위하여 비선형 유한요소 해석을 사용하므로 많은 해석시간이 요구된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 실험계획법 기반의 효율적인 강선설계 방법을 제안한다. 첫 번째로, 3 개의 형상변수와 1 개의 정수형 변수를 포함하는 4 개의 설계변수에 대해서 보스의 직교배열표를 사용하여 25 개의 실험점을 생성한 후 각 실험점에 대해서 비선형 유한 요소 해석을 수행한다. 다음으로는 포열에서 탄이 탈출할 때의 탄의 속도와 각속도를 만족시키는 동시에 탄의 저항력을 최소화 하기 위해서 가상설계개념을 수행한다. 제안하는 가상설계개념은 설계 목적과 제약조건 그리고 효과분석을 포함하는 범함수로 생성된다. 마지막으로 가상설계개념으로부터 주어지는 새로운 설계는 초기 설계보다 나은 결과를 보여주고 있다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2012

Salsolinol (1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) is a compound derived from dopamine metabolism and is capable of causing dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Oxidative modification of neurofilament proteins has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, oxidative modification of neurofilament-L (NF-L) by salsolinol and the inhibitory effects of histidyl dipeptides on NF-L modification were investigated. When NF-L was incubated with 0.5 mM salsolinol, the aggregation of protein was increased in a time-dependent manner. We also found that the generation of hydroxyl radicals (${\bullet}OH$) was linear with respect to the concentrations of salsolinol as a function of incubation time. NF-L exposure to salsolinol produced losses of glutamate, lysine and proline residues. These results suggest that the aggregation of NF-L by salsolinol may be due to oxidative damage resulting from free radicals. Carnosine, histidyl dipeptide, is involved in many cellular defense processes, including free radical detoxification. Carnosine, and anserine were shown to significantly prevent salsolinol-mediated NF-L aggregation. Both compounds also inhibited the generation of ${\bullet}OH$ induced by salsolinol. The results indicated that carnosine and related compounds may prevent salsolinol-mediated NF-L modification via free radical scavenging.