• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2020

With increasing interest and research on smart cities, there is also an increasing number of studies on urban facilities that can be built within smart cities. According to these studies, smart cities' urban facilities are likely to become high value-added industries. However, the concept of smart city is not clear because it involves various fields. Therefore, in this study, the definition of Next-Generation(N.G) Smart City Facilities with Digital Twin and Digital Chain is carried out through a multidisciplinary approach. Based on this, Next-Generation Smart City Facilities will be divided into High Value-Added Products and Big Data Platforms. Subsequently, the definition of the Digital Chain containing the data flow of the entire process built through the construction of the Digital Twin proceeds. The definitions derived are applied to the Next-Generation Noise Barrier Tunnel to ensure that data is exchanged at the Digital Twin stage, and to review the proposed configuration of the Digital Chain and Data Flow in this study. The platform definition and Digital Chain of Next-Generation Smart City Facilities proposed in this study suggest that it can affect not only the aspects of data management that are currently in the spotlight, but also the manufacturing industry as a whole.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2021

The design principles of new urbanism (NU) have been adopted for new towns-in town projects for inner city neighborhoods in Seoul, Korea Since 2000. Here, ten NU principles were matched to four urban design categories: streets, land use, housing and buildings, and public open spaces. These elements were analyzed for Eunpyung New Town project. Through the case, the applications and implications NU principles are explored. The principles of connectivity, quality architecture and urban design, increased density, green transportation, sustainability, and quality of life were positively and successively adopted for streets, land use, housing and buildings, and public open spaces. The principles of mixed-use and diversity and traditional neighborhood structure were only partially applied in land use, housing and buildings, and public open spaces. It should be note that the walkability principle is intended not for job-housing proximity, but for pedestrian-friendly street design.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2019

Recent data development has made it possible to analyze each individual's daily commuting by using transportation card transaction. This research utilizes about 1 million observations from the subway line no.7 of Seoul metropolitan transportation data. By using such a massive dataset, the authors try to identify daily travel behavior of morning commute and its possible relationship between subway usage and socio-economic factors. There are 4 main types of users and their travel behavior, and top 15 stations with the most users for arrival and departure are selected. Accordingly, 15 stations have distinctive characteristics including population density and the number of businesses around stations. To identify this fact, the 4 most populated stations are selected and their socio-economic factors are examined. According to the analysis, the most departure stations are generally surrounded by hihgly populated residential areas, whereas the most arrival stations are stood within the job concentrated districts.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2020

As the number of aging bridges increases, more studies are being conducted on developing effective and reliable methods for the assessment and maintenance of bridges. With the advancement in new sensing systems and data learning techniques through AI technology, there is growing interests in how to evaluate bridges using these advanced techniques. This paper presents a CNN(Convolution Neural Network) deep learning based technique for evaluating the damage existence and for estimating the damage location in PSC bridges using static strain data. Simulation studies were conducted to investigate the proposed method with error analysis. Damage was simulated as the reduction in the stiffness of a finite element. A data learning model was constructed by applying the CNN technique as a type of deep learning. The damage status and its location were estimated using data set built through simulation. It was assumed that the strain gauges were installed in a regular interval under the PSC bridge girders. In order to increase the accuracy in evaluating damage, the squared error between the intact and measured strains are computed and applied for training the data model. Considering the damage occurring near the supports, the results of error analysis were compared according to whether strain data near the supports were included.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2021

The 'public agency oil joint purchase system' was introduced to lower public sector oil prices and contribute to the stability of the overall consumer oil market. The present study used spatial regression to analyze the factors affecting domestic gasoline price, focusing on the impact of potential implicit collusion among gas stations in determining domestic gasoline prices. Also, this study investigated the effect the location characteristics of the market convention gas stations and government offices on the pressure of price competition in the market and the gasoline price at general gas stations. To summarize the results of the spatial lag model (SLM), the individual characteristics of gas stations such as convenience stores (+), self-fuelling (-), commercial areas (+), subway stations (+), population density (-), and sales (-) are correlated to gasoline prices at gas stations, and the institutional location factors of gas stations (+) affected the average of 9 won per liter, 11 won per liter. In order to solve these problems, the establishment of a monitoring system reflecting the location characteristics of the region and the ongoing review of the system should be carried out. In addition, separate, expanded and promotional measures should be prepared for the convenience of general and public oil buyers.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2021

Urban residents in crowded complexes are making increasing civil complaints about noise and demanding pleasant and comfortable residential environments. Because noise is one of the most important factors related to urban residents' dissatisfaction with their living environments, the present study investigates the direct and indirect effects of noise-related outdoor environmental factors on residential level satisfaction, using noise level data from 29 noise-measuring stations in Seoul. From 62 multi-family apartment complexes near these stations, the authors collected GIS-based environmental attribute data, as well as survey data including the residents' personal characteristics and indicators designed to measure latent psychological characteristics: noise sensitivity and residential noise level satisfaction. This study then utilized structural equation models to analyze the direct variables influencing the latent variables of noise sensitivity and residential noise level satisfaction, as well as the complex relationships among all variables. The result showed that residents who are exposed to less noise, possibly due to living in apartments facing relatively quiet roads, protected by soundproof walls, or surrounded by densely planted trees, tend to be less noise sensitive, which makes them more satisfied with the ambient noise level. Therefore, critical outdoor environmental variables can be used to reduce noise sensitivity and improve residential noise level satisfaction.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2021

Recently, starting with smart construction research, interest in technology that automates construction site management using artificial intelligence technology is increasing. In order to automate construction site management, it is necessary to recognize objects such as construction equipment or workers, and automatically analyze the relationship between them. For example, if the relationship between workers and construction equipment at a construction site can be known, various use cases of site management such as work productivity, equipment operation status monitoring, and safety management can be implemented. This study derives a real-time object detection platform architecture that is required when performing construction site management using deep learning technology, which has recently been increasingly used. To this end, deep learning models that support real-time object detection are investigated and analyzed. Based on this, a deep learning model development process required for real-time construction site object detection is defined. Based on the defined process, a prototype that learns and detects construction site objects is developed, and then platform development considerations and architecture are derived from the results.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2022

Recently, demand for designing own space is increasing as the rapid growth of home furnishing market. However, there is a limitation that it is not easy to compare the style between before construction view and after view. This study aims to translate real image into another style with GAN model learned with interior images. To implement this, first we established style criteria and collected modern, natural, and classic style images, and experimented with ResNet, UNet, Gradient penalty concept to CycleGAN algorithm. As a result of training, model recognize common indoor image elements, such as floor, wall, and furniture, and suitable color, material was converted according to interior style. On the other hand, the form of furniture, ornaments, and detailed pattern expressions are difficult to be recognized by CycleGAN model, and the accuracy lacked. Although UNet converted images more radically than ResNet, it was more stained. The GAN algorithm allowed us to represent results within 2 seconds. Through this, it is possible to quickly and easily visualize and compare the front and after the interior space style to be constructed. Furthermore, this GAN will be available to use in the design rendering include interior.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Comparing to general scanning data, the 3D digital map for large construction sites and complex buildings consists of millions of points. The large construction site needs to be scanned multiple times by drone photogrammetry or terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) survey. The scanned point cloud data are required to be registrated with high resolution and high point density. Unlike the registration of 2D data, the matrix of translation and rotation are used for registration of 3D point cloud data. Archiving high accuracy with 3D point cloud data is not easy due to 3D Cartesian coordinate system. Therefore, in this study, iterative closest point (ICP) registration method for improve accuracy of 3D digital map was employed by different overlap ratio on 3D digital maps. This study conducted the accuracy test using different overlap ratios of two digital maps from 10% to 100%. The results of the accuracy test presented the optimal overlap ratios for an ICP registration method on digital maps.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.16-28
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• 2023

The concept of the Metaverse has been around not only for play but also for daily use. The interest in Metaverse is increasing, and various industries such as medicine, media, and financial started to use the new technology for diverse purposes. In addition, interest in the Metaverse is increasing in the architectural industry, but not much research has been done yet. Recently, some studies started to study focusing on the architectural design of Metaverse and the technological characteristics of Metaverse. However, there are limited studies about the utilization of the Metaverse in the architectural design process or construction process. From this perspective, the study aims to analyze the applicability of the Metaverse in the architectural design process through Metaverse case studies. In order to accomplish the research goal, the study classified user experience and technology of Metaverse in the literature review and Metaverse use in other industries such as commercial, medical, media entertainment, and construction industry. Then, this study analyzes six representative Metaverse platforms according to the application of Metaverse in the architectural design process. Finally, this study discussed the future direction and potential of Metaverse application in the Architectural design process.