• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

Finding sufficient supplies of clean energy for future is one of the society's most important challenges according to technologies. Alternative renewable energy source such as sun energy can be substituted for exceeding human energy need. The main factor affect to solar performance is a collective intensity. To enhance intensity, suitable equipment is a solar tracker. This paper presents design and evaluation of 1 layer polar motion control system for solar tracker suitable for building integrated system. To evaluation of tracking accuracy and adaptability, solar tracker with 64 links is implemented. In experimental results, the accuracy of tracking has under ${\pm}0.0287^{\circ}$ and the thickness has under 140mm.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2003

이 연구에서는 지진하중을 받는 빌딩구조물에 대한 복합구조제어시스템의 최적설계방법을 제시한다. 복합구조제어시스템의 설계는 구조물의 부재뿐만 아니라 수동제어시스템 및 능동제어시스템의 용량 및 위치 최적화 과정으로 정의된다. 최적설계는 이 연구에서 제안된 다단계 목표계획법(Multi-Stage Goal Programming)을 이용하여 최적화문제를 정식화하고 목표갱신 유전자알고리즘(Goal-Updating Genetic Algorithm을 적용하여 합리적인 최적화를 진행해가는 과정으로 구성된다. 다단계 목표계획법에서는 구조물의 층간 상대변위와 제어시스템의 용량에 대한 설계목표를 여러 단계로 선정하고, 각 물리량과 설계목표간의 정규화된 거리 합으로서 목적함수를 정의한다. 목표갱신 유전자알고리즘은 각 단계별 설계목표를 만족하는 최적해를 검색하고, 현 단계의 모든 설계목표를 만족하는 최적해가 존재할 경우 설계목표를 순차적으로 갱신함으로써 보다 상위수준의 설계목표로 접근해 나아간다. 지진하중을 받는 9층의 빌딩구조물에 대한 수치 예를 통하여 복합구조제어시스템의 통합최적설계 과정을 기술하였고, 구조부재, 수동 및 능동제어시스템이 균등분포된 구조물과 최적 설계결과를 비교하여 제시하는 방법의 효율성을 검증하였다.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.345-369
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• 2022

Infectious disease emergency hospitals are usually temporarily built during the pneumonia epidemic with higher requirements regarding diagnosis and treatment efficiency, hygiene and safety, and infection control.This study aims to identify how the Building Information Modeling (BIM) + Industrialized Building System (IBS) approach could rapidly deliver an infectious disease hospital and develop site epidemic spreading algorithms. Coronavirus-19 pneumonia construction site spreading algorithm model mind map and block diagram of the construction site epidemic spreading algorithm model were developed. BIM+IBS approach could maximize the repetition of reinforced components and reduce the number of particular components. Huoshenshan Hospital adopted IBS and BIM in the construction, which reduced the workload of on-site operations and avoided later rectification. BIM+IBS integrated information on building materials, building planning, building participants, and construction machinery, and realized construction visualization control and parametric design. The delivery of Huoshenshan Hospital was during the most critical period of the Coronavirus-19 pneumonia epidemic. The development of a construction site epidemic spreading algorithm provided theoretical and numerical support for prevention. The agent-based analysis on hospital evacuation observed "arched" congestion formed at the evacuation exit, indicating behavioral blindness caused by fear in emergencies.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2018

Termites are important sub-baits of natural ecosystems and are beneficial insects that are natural decomposer. However, the building materials used by human beings can not coexist with each other on timber which is a termite food. As of 2017, due to fertile forests, warming, and the spread of boilers, termite damage to timber construction is increasingly occurring day by day. Currently, Korea utilizes fumigation, Beit system, preserved wood, etc. of chemical products as termite control measures. But in the case of control measures, timber that has already been eaten by termites can not serve as a structural material and must be repaired. On the other hand, in the case of overseas, Scale of damage to termites the influence on the construction is also large, and a lot of research has been carried out on the prevention methods. In this thesis, investigate such foreign control measures, Would like to suggest a suitable method for Korea.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2012

The current building energy efficiency rating certification regulation on apartment houses evaluates only the saving rate of energy consumed during operation, i.e. use, of a building, but doesn't consider the energy consumptions and environmental load($CO_2$) emissions occurring during the whole lifetime of a building. So this study calculated the energy consumptions and environmental load emissions occurring during the whole lifetime of a building, selected reference schemes and alternative items by design variables to present a design draft considering energy efficiency and environmental performance, and evaluated the total cost by combining and calculating its direct cost(material and heating cost) and indirect cost(environmental cost), for an existing apartment house as an evaluation object. As a result of analysis, the change of heating cost by alternative items of design variables showed a 4~8% change rate compared to the reference scheme, and the material cost of design variable 7 showed a maximum 4.4 times change rate in the alternative plan 6 compared to the reference scheme. The environmental cost showed a similar change rate to the material cost change rate in general, but showed a similar environmental cost change rate to the heating cost change rate in case of design variables 4-1, 4-2, 7.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
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• pp.423-438
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• 1997

Today's building and fire prevention codes are mostly prescriptive. Prescriptive codes are based on major fires in earlier years that created a need for specific building provision. These codes provide a minimum level of safety. As the general and engineering uses of computers have increased over the years, so has use of computers in the fire protection engineering. This has allowed fire protection engineers to develop alternative approaches to solve today's fire protection problems or to evaluate the performance of a specific fire safety goal. A performance based approach to building and fire codes involves the following: 1) identifying specific goals, such as, safely getting out of the building in 10 minutes, 2) obtain conceptual approval from authorities, 3) define performance level, 4) develop design solutions and identify tools such as, fire tests, models, or methods, to demonstrate that a design will meet the fire protection objective 5) test solutions, 6) present test method and results to the authorities. Some people in the fire protection community consider this to be nothing more than an intellectual exercise, while the others view it as a way to reduce expenses on large project$^4$ Others in fire protection community view this as a way to refine the design process to design fire protection systems to better protect the fire hazards. This paper will focus on application of these tools, specifically computer fire models, to actual cases such as: design of a smoke control system heat transfer analysis and egress of building occupants during potential fires.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.46-63
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• 2012

The concept of an "intelligent building" received significant attention from academic, industry and standard development organizations when technically termed a building management system (BMS). Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and their recent development enhanced monitoring and control applications for the building's areas. This paper surveys and analyzes advantages of the main current and emerging approaches that may be fit for BMS. Specifically, we discuss challenges including interoperability, integration, overhead, and bandwidth limitation of WSNs in BMS. Based on analyses, we highlight the advantages of an IP-based and RESTful architecture approach as the most suitable solution for BMS using WSNs (BMS-WSN). The paper also describes our future direction and design for BMS-WSN based on these advantages. The purpose is to enable interaction of users with BMS-WSN in the same way as with any website while ensuring energy efficiency. A test-bed implementation and evaluation of a BMS application is also introduced in this paper to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of IP-based and RESTful architecture for BMS.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제81권5호
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• pp.633-645
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• 2022

The active tuned mass damper (ATMD) is an efficient and reliable structural control system for mitigating the dynamic response of structures. The inertial force that an ATMD exerts on a structure to attenuate its otherwise large kinetic energy and undesirable vibrations and displacements is proportional to its excursion. Achieving a balance between the inertial force and excursion requires a control law or feedback mechanism. This study presents a technique for the optimum design of a sliding mode controller (SMC) as the control law for ATMD-equipped structures subjected to earthquakes. The technique includes optimizing an SMC under an artificial earthquake followed by testing its performance under real earthquakes. The SMC of a real 11-story shear building is optimized to demonstrate the technique, and its performance in mitigating the displacements of the building under benchmark near- and far-fault earthquakes is compared against that of a few other techniques (proportional-integral-derivative [PID], linear-quadratic regulator [LQR], and fuzzy logic control [FLC]). Results indicate that the optimum SMC outperforms PID and LQR and exhibits performance comparable to that of FLC in reducing displacements.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.709-724
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• 2016

This study investigates the optimum design parameters of a superelastic friction base isolator (S-FBI) system through a multi-objective genetic algorithm to improve the performance of isolated buildings against near-fault earthquakes. The S-FBI system consists of a flat steel-PTFE sliding bearing and superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) cables. Sliding bearing limits the transfer of shear across the isolation interface and provides damping from sliding friction. SMA cables provide restoring force capability to the isolation system together with additional damping characteristics. A three-story building is modeled with S-FBI isolation system. Multiple-objective numerical optimization that simultaneously minimizes isolation-level displacements and superstructure response is carried out with a genetic algorithm in order to optimize S-FBI system. Nonlinear time history analyses of the building with optimal S-FBI system are performed. A set of 20 near-fault ground motion records are used in numerical simulations. Results show that S-FBI system successfully control response of the buildings against near-fault earthquakes without sacrificing in isolation efficacy and producing large isolation-level deformations.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1995년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.372-377
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• 1995

Expert systems which represent the appllication of artificial intelligence research are now nearly 20 years old. It is said that the present technology together with ever- increasing computing applicability of Combined Hypertext-Expert System Techniques to the design of reinforced concrete structures. Hypertext systems allow the user to control the system while expert systems alone don't give the user any control over the system. Therefore the combination of these two techniques, offered by KnowledgePro, may bring us closer to real user-expert communication. The system developed in this work offers information on design in general by reorganizing ACI Manual 318-89, detailed stress analysis and cross sectional design of simple PC/RC beams and optimum design of reinforced concrete building frames. The system also includes the author's earlier work on guidance to identify types of cracks in concrete. It is also includes the author's earlier work on guidance to identify types of cracks in concrete. It is also demonstrated how well and conveniently existing programs can be used by reorganizing the user manuals in the context of hypertext.