• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.338-343
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• 2006

Histological observations of the barbels of torrent catfish (Amblycipitidae) in Korea are reported. The bullhead torrent catfish (Liobagrus andersoni) and Korean torrent catfish (L. obesus) have eight obvious barbels in two pairs each on the maxilla and mandible. Each barbel is composed of an epidermis, dermis, and central cartilagerod. The epidermis of the maxillary and mandibular barbels of the bullhead torrent catfish is thicker than that of the Korean torrent catfish (P<0.05) and is formed of stratified epithelium that contains many cutaneous taste buds and a few small club cells. There are many taste buds on the upper part of each barbel. The dermis consists of loose connective tissue fibers that enclose blood vessels and bundles of nerve fibers. The barbels of these fish can be categorized into stiff and flexible types and are accessory, feeding, and sensory structures. Our results validate the barbels as gustatory receptor organs for these fishes.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.477-483
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the morphological development of the tongue in the 60-, 90- and 120-day-old fetuses and neonates of Korean native goats by light microscopy. In 60-day-old fetuses, the tongue tissues were differentiated into epithelium, lamina propria, and muscle layer. The primordia of filiform, conical, lentiform, fungiform, and vallate papillae appeared by this time, and rudiments of taste buds were observed in the epithelia of the primordia gustatory papillae. The dorsal lingual epithelia were PAS positive. Collagenous fibers and blood vessels were present in the lamina propria. In 90-day-old fetuses, the gustatory glands were moderately positive for PAS and muscle fibers, and connective tissues were developed. In 120-day-old fetuses, many taste buds were observed in the gustatory papillae. The muscle bundles, collagenous fibers, blood vessels and gustatory glands were well developed. In neonates, over 40 taste buds were found in a transverse section of the vallate papillae. Muscle layers, blood vessels, collagenous fibers and gustatory glands were very well developed.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.527-534
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• 2021

Background: Phenological studies are a prerequisite for accomplishing higher productivity and better crop quality in cultivated plants. However, there are no phenological studies on Panax ginseng that improve its production yield. This study aims to redefine the phenological growth stages of P. ginseng based on the existing Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) scale and proposes a disease control reference. Methods: This study was conducted at the Korea Ginseng Corporation Experiment Station in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. Phenological observations were performed once weekly or twice monthly, based on the developmental stages. The existing BBCH scale with a three-digit code was used to redefine and update P. ginseng's phenological growth codes. Results: The phenological description is divided into eight principal growth stages: three for vegetative growth (perennating bud, aerial shoot, and root development), four for reproductive growth (reproductive organ development, flowering, fruit development, and fruit maturation), and one for senescence according to the extended BBCH scale. A total of 58 secondary growth stages were described within the eight principal growth stages. Under each secondary growth stage, four mesostages are also taken into account, which contains the distinct patterns of the phenological characteristics in ginseng varieties and the process of transplanting seedlings. A practical management program for disease control was also proposed by using the BBCH code and the phenological data proposed in this work. Conclusion: The study introduces an extended BBCH scale for the phenological research of P. ginseng.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.583-591
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• 2019

This study was conducted to examine the effects of wet storage solution, transport period and temperature on vase life and quality of cut flowers in standard chrysanthemum 'Jinba'. Immediately after transport, the fresh weight and flower diameter of cut flowers did not show a difference according to wet storage solutions regardless of the transport period, but as the transport period increased, the fresh weight and flower diameter increased. The flower bud stage at harvest was maintained due to the small changes in flower diameter, and the freshness of leaves was better when transported at 5℃ than at 25℃. When transported at 25℃, the longer the transport period, the lower the quality of cut flowers as some petals opened up and showed early flowering after transport. In preservative solutions, quality of cut flowers transported at 25℃ was lower than that at 5℃ due to fresh weight and diameter according to the longer transport period. The vase life of cut flowers was 1.0 day, 0.8 day, and 7.3 days longer when transported for 3, 5, and 7 days respectively at 5℃ than at 25℃. The quality of cut flowers was better due to increase in fresh weight and flower diameter, as well as vase life in wet storage solutions of ClO₂ and Chrysal OVB than in tap water, regardless of transport period and temperature. There was no difference in fresh weight and vase life between ClO₂ and Chrysal OVB, but flower diameter was greater in ClO₂ than in Chrysal OVB. Therefore, for long-term transport of cut standard chrysanthemum 'Jinba', wet storage transport in ClO₂ at 5℃ was found effective in maintaining the quality and vase life of cut flowers.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2018

Development of herbicide resistant transgenic legume plants through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has been worked in many previous studied. Plant regeneration after infection is the important step to obtain successful transgenic plants. Many attempts try to find the optimum media condition for plant regeneration after infection. However, the transformation efficiency of legume plants is still low. In this study, regeneration of some Korean legume species including two soybean cultivars (Dawon and Pungsan) and pea have been done with organogenesis which is used various kind of explants such as cotyledonary-nodes in soybean and bud-containing tissue in pea. We developed the optimum media condition for plant regeneration regulators under Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using different kind and various concentration of plant growth. As the results, B5 medium containing 2 mg/L of 6-benzylaminopurine was selected in this study for the optimum plant regeneration media. The segments were inoculated with Agrobacterium suspension harbored an IG2 vector containing bar gene which confers resistance to phosphinotricin (PPT) in 3, 5 and 7 days. The transformation efficiency was achieved in Dawon 3.03 % and pea 1.46 % with co-cultivation period of 7 days which is showed a high number of GUS positive expression period.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.247-263
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• 2007

This study was complied to analyze the professional agricultural techniques level and to suggest a desirable direction for the professional education system for women farmer. The research was conducted by using in-field surveys and interviews. Data was gathered by questionnaire from 147 women farmer in five specialized crop regions: strawberry, cucumber, rose, apple, and oyster mushroom. The results obtained are as follows. First, the technique levels in computer usage and electronic commerce, machinery usage, pesticide and fertilizer utilization, facility automation, and eco-agricultural cultivation were low. Second, the demand for professional education, evaluated through technique level by standard management diagnosis, was recognized. Areas of concern included: cucumber (temperature control, carbonic acid gas control, grading, funds management), strawberry (light control, soil temperature control, irrigation watering, shipping), rose (temperature control, light control, funds management, cooperated management), oyster mushroom (growth cabinet sterilizer), and apple (flower bud pinching, defloration, fruit thinning, funds management). Based on the results of this study, the following are suggestions for the planning of a professional education system for women farmer. First, it needs to address formal education in marketing, machinery usage, facilities automation, and techniques in pesticide and fertilizer utilization. Second, it needs to be a multi- level program with appropriate terminology at every level which is suitable to each age and ability of women farmer. Third, it needs a more comprehensive manual developed by need analysis of women farmer and a larger lecturer pool for professional education.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.435-444
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• 2018

Receptor-like proteins (RLPs) are involved in plant development and disease resistance. Only some of the RLPs in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) have been functionally characterized though 176 genes encoding RLPs, which have been identified in the tomato genome. To further understand the role of RLPs in tomato, we performed genome-guided classification and transcriptome analysis of these genes. Phylogenic comparisons revealed that the tomato RLP members could be divided into eight subgroups and that the genes evolved independently compared to similar genes in Arabidopsis. Based on location and physical clustering analyses, we conclude that tomato RLPs likely expanded primarily through tandem duplication events. According to tissue specific RNA-seq data, 71 RLPs were expressed in at least one of the following tissues: root, leaf, bud, flower, or fruit. Several genes had expression patterns that were tissue specific. In addition, tomato RLP expression profiles after infection with different pathogens showed distinguish gene regulations according to disease induction and resistance response as well as infection by bacteria and virus. Notably, Some RLPs were highly and/or unique expressed in susceptible tomato to pathogen, suggesting that the RLP could be involved in disease response, possibly as a host-susceptibility factor. Our study could provide an important clues for further investigations into the function of tomato RLPs involved in developmental and response to pathogens.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1221-1226
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• 2007

The subway with the initial constructive expense which is enormous together is the public transportation means where the many expense is expended in the operation and maintenance civil official. Seoul Metro until initial opening to traffic after present time cannot escape every year deficit to be, the cause is a possibility of seeking from the fare system which is short in transportation prime cost. Currently Seoul Metro is operating with the distance proportional fare system the passenger ticket system which is simple (usual volume, group volume and fixed amount volume, affection renunciation, charge free volume). When the biased characteristic of the user it plans considering from the goods development side for the variety for and a deficit solution, against the fare system systematic it researches and solution plan politically. Financial of the subway operation agency young the investigation against the present condition of the hazard subway fare system which is solved the bud with problem point a fare system from the research which it sees consequently and improvement program under analyzing the man with underdeveloped genital organ. Base on the reporter to analyze the introduction plan which with the character which will reach it follows with the necessity of introduction of the 1st passenger ticket (24 hour volume).

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2014

The flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) have been used as traditional medicine for the treatment of male sexual disorders in Asian countries. Recently, there are some reports about the effects of the clove on reproductive activities in mammals. Therefore, its effect on testicular function was examined in male golden hamsters whose reproductive activity is inhibited by photoperiod such as winter climate. The male animals were given by daily oral administrations (56 consecutive days) in three doses (4 mg, 20 mg, and 100 mg/kg BW) of the alcoholic extract of the clove. Generally lower dose (4 mg) of the extract continued to keep the reproductive activities of testes. The both middle and high doses (20 mg and 100 mg) of the extract completely inhibited the testicular activity in some animals. Taken together, these results suggest a possible biphasic action of alcoholic extract of Syzygium aromaticum flower bud on testicular function.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.446-450
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• 2012

I.G.G is abbreviation for inert gas generator high temperature in cargo tank it desulfurize, exhaust and froze the gas that combined brimstone element and soot, then supply inert gas by blower and mack tank inside incombustible range this is equipment that nip in the bud the explosion. The blower for suppling inactivated gas has big impeller with heavy weight to achieve the high pressure, it causes a delay for first operation time and too much load is delivered to motor, total destruction by fire of motor is happen frequently. On this research, we will reduce the size and weight of impeller and install it with several stage, it makes an effect for reducing the first operation time. We also intend to contribute to efficient I.G.G. blower design by research a flow rate and pressure specialty from the diameter of impeller number of blades and size of casing.