• 디자인학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2001

좋은 기업의 이미지만이 날로 심각해지고 있는 생존 경쟁에서 살아남을 수 있다는 인식이 날로 커지므로 기업이미지 관리의 중요성은 끊임없이 강조되고 있다. 이러한 CI의 중요성은 20C 초반 산업사회의 시작과 더불어 시작되어 현대 사회가 점차 첨단화, 다양화, 세분화되면서 CI의 홍수 시대를 맞이하였다. 이러한 현 시점에서 CI가 그 기업의 이미지를 표현해 주고 그 기업을 대내외적으로 알리는 것만이 CI의 궁극적인 목표라고 할 수는 없다. 이제는 기업의 이미지가 다른 기업들간의 차별화가 얼마나 이루어지는가 하는 것이 오늘날과 같은 CI의 홍수 속에서 살아남을 수 있는 길이 아닌가 한다. 이러한 현 시점과 다가오는 새 천년을 고려한 영국의 국제적인 항공사 British Airways는 새로운 시장환경에 대응하기 위하여 과거의 기업 이미지에서 과감히 탈피하고, 새롭고 혁신적인 아이디어로 기업이미지 재통합 계획을 구축하였다. 그들은 단지 한 가지 획일화된 시각적 요소로 기업의 이미지를 통합하는 기존의 통상적인 CI접근 방식에서 과감히 탈피하고, 각기 비행하는 나라의 가장 독창적이고 상징적인 이미지를 제작하여 비행기의 꼬리 부분에 적용시키는 혁신적인 아이디어로 새 이미지 통합을 구축하였다. 이러한 독창적인 아이디어로 새 기업 이미지를 구축한 British Airways는 다른 항공사의 이미지와 기업의 이미지를 차별화 하는데 큰 성과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제86권2호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects close to 400 million people worldwide. COPD is characterized by significant airflow limitation on spirometry. Most patients with COPD are diagnosed in their fifth or sixth decades of life. However, the disease begins much earlier. By the time airflow limitation is detected on spirometry, patients with COPD have lost close to 50% of their small airways. Thus, identification of patients with early COPD, defined as persons with preserved spirometry, who demonstrate pathologic or functional hallmarks of COPD, is essential for disease modification and ultimately disease elimination. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the current case definition of early COPD, its importance, the novel technologies required for its detection in young adults and future directions in therapeutics for treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제86권3호
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• pp.166-175
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• 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The lower airways contain a rich and diverse microbiome, which may play a significant regulatory role in both health and disease. In COPD, the microbiome becomes perturbed, causing dysbiosis. Increased representation of members in the Proteobacteria phylum and certain members in the Firmicutes phylum has been associated with increased risk of exacerbations and mortality. Therapies such as inhaled corticosteroids and azithromycin may modulate the airway microbiome or its metabolites in patients with COPD. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the airway microbiome and its importance in the pathophysiology of COPD and as potential therapeutic target in the future.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.7-27
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• 2006

This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that influenced the construction of London Eye which was led by private groups, including characteristics in progress, differentiated value in design, the combination of technology and design, and construction costs. The results of this study were the followings. 1) London Eye provides a new construction method for a landmark in the downtown in that the architects became the clients of the project which might have been hoarded, procuring the construction costs and completing it by themselves. 2) London Eye presents a space utilization method where undeveloped spaces in the downtown are used in three-dimensions by erecting a structure on the river with a minimum land. 3) The process of design, production and erection is propelled the realization of technical intention design with one system and from at the initial stage, the participation of the engineer where the designer is equal with you must accompany. 4) London Eye is endowed with strong shape by a circle in design concept, which is the simplest geometrical figure, and it provides organic relationship between the past and the present by utilizing historical elements in various ways. 5) The construction was completed through four phases including idea phase, promotion phase, turn-key contract phase, and design-build phase. The most critical factor to the success is derived from the direct contact with Involved companies from the production phase. 6) In a project facing many challenges in terms of technology, the design-build method proves to be a more effective method than turn-key contract in that it may more allocate risks and enable coherent implementation of the core concept in design. The organization for the design-build method was composed of three phases including general affairs, responsible contracting by sector, and cooperative system by sector. Since that was a new concept structure, high-level contractors who hadn't had existing cooperative relationships with one another formed new cooperative relationship, while collaborating companies who had long cooperated led the responsible contracting and sub-cooperative system, which resulted in reduction of risks and time. 7) The major factors to change design were the design characteristics, derived from a technically great combination, and the opening time. 8) A new erection method was applied to London Eye, a structure that overcame the limitation in land and period, and the process of installation demonstrated that it is an important value for the construction of a landmark in the city. 9) In spite of many visitors and tremendous operational income, the factors that London Eye fails to free itself from debts include the construction costs expended double than expected, and interest burden to the investments, which occurred in the course of procuring the costs. Absolute limit in time increased the construction costs, resulting in being a great obstacle in the course of operation.